發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-11 02:10

【摘要】：隨著內(nèi)燃機(jī)技術(shù)的廣泛使用,導(dǎo)致可利用資源的日益短缺和環(huán)境污染,為了有效的解決發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放污染導(dǎo)致的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,各個(gè)國(guó)家相繼頒布了很多法規(guī)來(lái)限制內(nèi)燃機(jī)排放,為了達(dá)到相關(guān)法規(guī)的要求,內(nèi)燃機(jī)技術(shù)必須進(jìn)行完善和改進(jìn),來(lái)減小尾氣排放。生物柴油的燃燒性能非常好,它是一種含氧燃料,能夠減少發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的有害排放物,起到改善大氣質(zhì)量的作用,也可以解決能源危機(jī)問(wèn)題。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容為:首先,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外生物柴油的研究發(fā)展?fàn)顩r做相關(guān)調(diào)研分析后,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)生物柴油理化特性進(jìn)行研究,先在0#柴油中摻入5%的生物柴油,我們將這種混合燃油標(biāo)記為生物柴油B5,依上述方法分別得到其余兩種不同比例的混合燃油記為:B15、B25,然后進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,得到這三種生物柴油的理化特性。其次,借助仿真軟件GT-Suite中的子模塊GT-Fuel,搭建電控單體泵燃油噴射系統(tǒng)仿真模型。借助某廠家對(duì)博世電控單體泵進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)得出的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)調(diào)整仿真模型,不斷改進(jìn)模型設(shè)置,最終得到相對(duì)精確的仿真模型。最后,本文利用驗(yàn)證過(guò)的仿真模型對(duì)比分析了該系統(tǒng)采用柴油、生物柴油B5、B15、B25時(shí)噴油器嘴端壓力的變化;探究了系統(tǒng)采用生物柴油B5、B15、B25時(shí),系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)高壓油管長(zhǎng)度和直徑不同組合、噴孔數(shù)目和直徑、針閥彈簧預(yù)緊力、柱塞腔容積,以及供油參數(shù)供油壓力、凸輪軸啟噴角度、凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)噴油器嘴端壓力的影響。研究表明:生物柴油可以作為柴油的替代燃料;高壓油管管長(zhǎng)越短,直徑越小,噴油器噴孔直徑越小,噴孔數(shù)目越少,則嘴端壓力越大;針閥彈簧預(yù)緊力增大時(shí),嘴端壓力略微增大;柱塞腔容積增大時(shí),嘴端壓力略微下降。供油壓力的變化對(duì)嘴端壓力影響不大;凸輪軸啟噴角度越大,嘴端壓力越高,但噴油持續(xù)期會(huì)增長(zhǎng),會(huì)降低內(nèi)燃機(jī)的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性;凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)速越快,嘴端壓力越高,但凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)速要在最大泵許用壓力之間。
[Abstract]:With the wide use of internal combustion engine technology, there is an increasing shortage of available resources and environmental pollution. In order to effectively solve the environmental problems caused by engine emission pollution, various countries have promulgated a lot of laws and regulations to limit internal combustion engine emissions. In order to meet the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, internal combustion engine technology must be improved and improved to reduce exhaust emissions. The combustion performance of biodiesel is very good. It is an oxygen-containing fuel, which can reduce the harmful emissions of engine, improve the atmospheric quality and solve the problem of energy crisis. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first of all, after investigating and analyzing the research and development of biodiesel at home and abroad, the physical and chemical properties of biodiesel were studied through experiments, and 5% biodiesel was added to 0# diesel. The mixed fuel was marked as biodiesel B5, and the other two different proportion of mixed fuel were recorded as B15 and B25 according to the above method, and then the physical and chemical properties of the three biodiesel were obtained by experimental analysis. Secondly, with the help of the sub-module GT-Fuel, of the simulation software GT-Suite, the simulation model of the fuel injection system of the electronic control single pump is built. The simulation model is adjusted by the experimental data obtained from the experiment of Bosch electronic control monomer pump by a certain manufacturer, and the model setting is improved continuously. Finally, a relatively accurate simulation model is obtained. Finally, the pressure changes at the nozzle end of the injector with diesel, biodiesel B5, B15 and B25 are compared and analyzed by using the verified simulation model. When biodiesel B5, B15 and B25 are used in the system, the length and diameter of high pressure tubing, the number and diameter of injection holes, the pretightening force of needle valve spring, the volume of plunger cavity and the oil supply pressure of fuel supply parameters are investigated. The influence of camshaft start-up angle and camshaft speed on nozzle pressure of injector. The results show that biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel for diesel oil, and the shorter the length and diameter of high pressure tubing, the smaller the diameter of injector nozzle and the smaller the number of nozzle holes, the greater the nozzle pressure. When the pretightening force of needle valve spring increases, the pressure at the end of the nozzle increases slightly, and when the volume of the plunger cavity increases, the pressure at the end of the nozzle decreases slightly. The change of fuel supply pressure has little effect on the nozzle pressure, the larger the starting injection angle of camshaft is, the higher the nozzle pressure is, but the fuel injection duration will increase, which will reduce the fuel economy of internal combustion engine. The faster the camshaft speed, the higher the mouth pressure, but the camshaft speed should be between the maximum allowable pressure of the pump.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TK403

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