【摘要】：大部分鐵合金產(chǎn)品采用電熱法生產(chǎn),對電能的需求量較大,屬于高能耗,高物耗產(chǎn)業(yè),是國家十三五規(guī)劃中的重點節(jié)能減排行業(yè)。近年來,市場對鐵合金產(chǎn)品的需求不斷增大,同時由于能源緊迫,原材料價格居高不下,環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴(yán)峻,同時國家也進一步加大了相關(guān)節(jié)能減排政策力度,使礦熱爐節(jié)能減排問題日益凸顯。本文從硅鈣礦熱爐煙氣余熱出發(fā),對煙氣余熱進行分析和利用研究具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義和廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。本文對3臺3MW硅鈣礦熱爐煙氣溫度、流量、成分進行了測試分析,研究得出煙氣溫度、流量呈不規(guī)則周期性波動,生產(chǎn)冶煉制度對溫度、流量的影響較大。本文利用熱力學(xué)第一、第二定律、焓值分析法和（火用）值分析法對煙氣余熱的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量進行分析研究;并且通過對煙氣余熱的“總能系統(tǒng)”和“能級平衡”分析,提出采用能級系數(shù)作為評估余熱資源的全利用指標(biāo)并指導(dǎo)余熱回收方案的選擇。全文通過研究得出如下結(jié)論:(1)通過測試得到煙氣溫度以及流量隨生產(chǎn)過程的變化關(guān)系。在出硅鈣合金時,煙氣溫降有時高達150℃,并且呈現(xiàn)周期性變化,因而在余熱回收過程時,要考慮余熱資源供給的變化。(2)結(jié)合熱力學(xué)第一定律和第二定律,采用焓值分析法、（火用）值分析方法,對余熱資源數(shù)量和質(zhì)量進行分析。通過計算得到生產(chǎn)過程中礦熱爐高溫?zé)煔饪苫厥盏臒崮苤禐?2378.23MJ/h,煙氣可回收（火用）值為20122.99MJ/h,根據(jù)能量平衡分析得出全年高溫?zé)煔鈳ё叩臒崃繛?5.09×107MJ占所有支出能量的43.02%,余熱資源回收潛力大。(3)基于煙氣余熱的“總能系統(tǒng)”和“能級平衡”概念,通過能級系數(shù)來考察余熱資源的全利用品質(zhì)的指標(biāo),得出余熱資源適合生產(chǎn)溫度為320℃、壓強為1.27MPa的蒸汽。但硅鈣礦熱爐在生產(chǎn)過程中對電能的需求是主體,所以經(jīng)濟且合理的余熱利用方式是用來發(fā)電。此外,對單獨余熱發(fā)電以及熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)的熱能利用系數(shù)與節(jié)能狀況進行比對分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)熱能利用率提高了20%,每年可節(jié)約的電能增加了1.42×107KWh。同時還探討了影響余熱回收和利用的主要影響因素,并對熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟性、節(jié)能減排進行分析,得出是一個典型的余熱資源綜合利用方案,取得了良好的經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益。
[Abstract]:The majority of ferroalloy products are produced by electrothermal method, which has a large demand for electric energy, which belongs to the industry of high energy consumption and high material consumption, and is the key industry of energy saving and emission reduction in the 13th Five-Year Plan of China. In recent years, the market demand for ferroalloy products has been increasing. At the same time, due to the urgency of energy, the high prices of raw materials and the increasingly serious environmental pollution problems, the state has also further strengthened the relevant energy saving and emission reduction policies. The problem of energy saving and emission reduction is becoming more and more prominent. In this paper, the analysis and utilization of the waste heat of flue gas from a calcium silicate furnace has very important practical significance and wide application prospect. In this paper, the flue gas temperature, flow rate and composition of three 3MW silica calcareous furnace are tested and analyzed. The results show that the flue gas temperature and flow rate fluctuate irregularly, and the production and smelting system have a great influence on the temperature and flow rate. In this paper, the first and second laws of thermodynamics, enthalpy analysis and exergy value analysis are used to analyze the quantity and quality of flue gas residual heat, and the total energy system and energy level equilibrium of flue gas residual heat are analyzed. The energy level coefficient is used to evaluate the total utilization of waste heat resources and to guide the selection of waste heat recovery schemes. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the variation of flue gas temperature and flux with production process is obtained by testing. In the case of silica calcium alloy, the temperature drop of smoke sometimes reaches 150 鈩，

本文編號：2290862