小型柴油機試驗臺建設(shè)及其仿真模型驗證
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the energy crisis and the increasingly stringent emission regulations, domestic automobile and engine manufacturers have accelerated the pace of energy saving and emission reduction. The combustion performance of small agricultural diesel engine is poor and the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and soot is high. In order to meet the emission standard it is necessary to improve its working performance. Therefore, it is necessary to test the power performance and economy performance of small diesel engine by corresponding test, and analyze the change of cycle working process by simulation, so as to put forward the corresponding suggestions for improving engine performance. Based on a small diesel engine produced by a factory for off-road moving machinery, according to the basic requirements and main functions of the test-bed, the overall design and construction of the test-bed and the installation and commissioning of the test-bed are completed in this paper. The power, economy and emission characteristics of the test engine under different operating conditions were tested and analyzed. The engine port and combustion chamber models are obtained by reverse engineering. Based on AVL BOOST and AVL FIRE software, the one-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation models of diesel engine are established, and the simulation model is verified according to the test results, and the flow of the port is verified. The fuel injection and combustion process were preliminarily analyzed. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the basic requirements and main functions of the test bench are established according to the related performance parameters and the purpose of the test engine, and the overall design of the test bed is completed, taking into account the limited funds for the construction of the test bed. It is determined that the test bench is constructed by the combination of external purchase and independent design. 2) the components of the test bed are selected and designed independently. The principle of measuring and controlling elements, such as dynamometer, throttle actuator, cylinder pressure sensor, NOx analyzer and so on, are briefly introduced. The functions of the software system, the engine base, the elastic coupling, and so on are described. Encoder support and other mechanical components put forward a variety of schemes and according to the experimental results to determine the optimal design scheme for the oil circuit auxiliary system exhaust system design and processing; 3) to install and debug the test bed and complete the related performance testing. The debugging work of torque calibration, throttle zero / full degree calibration, benchmark pressure calibration, top-and-off position calibration and so on are completed, and then the tests of external characteristics, speed regulation characteristics and emission characteristics are carried out. The interference signal is filtered by fast Fourier transform with Matlab software. 4) the flow field model of diesel engine is obtained by reverse engineering, and the one-dimensional model is established by AVL BOOST software, which is verified by the experimental data. Taking some simulation results of one-dimensional model as initial condition and boundary condition, a three-dimensional simulation model is established by using AVL FIRE software. The influence of spiral port on flow field in cylinder is analyzed. It is proved that spiral port is helpful to improve the flow state in cylinder. Then, the spray and combustion performance of diesel engine are analyzed, which lays a foundation for further analysis and improvement of diesel engine performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:TK427
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