【摘要】：隨著能源危機(jī)的加深和排放法規(guī)的日益嚴(yán)苛,國(guó)內(nèi)各大汽車(chē)和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)廠家都加快了節(jié)能減排的步伐。小型農(nóng)用柴油機(jī)的燃燒性能較差,氮氧化物、碳煙等污染物排放高,為了能夠達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),必須要改進(jìn)其工作性能。為此,需要通過(guò)相應(yīng)試驗(yàn)測(cè)試小型柴油機(jī)的動(dòng)力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性等性能指標(biāo),并通過(guò)仿真分析其循環(huán)工作過(guò)程變化,以便對(duì)改善發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能提出相應(yīng)改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。本文以某廠生產(chǎn)的非道路移動(dòng)機(jī)械用小型柴油機(jī)為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的基本要求和主要功能,完成對(duì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的總體設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)臺(tái)建設(shè),完成試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的安裝和調(diào)試,對(duì)試驗(yàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在不同工況下的動(dòng)力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和排放性進(jìn)行了相關(guān)測(cè)試和分析。通過(guò)逆向工程得到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的氣道和燃燒室模型,分別基于AVL BOOST和AVL FIRE軟件建立柴油機(jī)的一維和三維仿真模型,并根據(jù)試驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果,對(duì)仿真模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,并對(duì)氣道流動(dòng)、噴油、燃燒過(guò)程進(jìn)行了初步分析。論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:1)根據(jù)試驗(yàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相關(guān)性能參數(shù)和試驗(yàn)?zāi)康?確立試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的基本要求和主要功能,完成對(duì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的總體設(shè)計(jì),考慮到試驗(yàn)臺(tái)建設(shè)經(jīng)費(fèi)有限,確定采用外購(gòu)加自主設(shè)計(jì)相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)臺(tái)建設(shè);2)對(duì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)各元器件進(jìn)行選型、自主設(shè)計(jì)。簡(jiǎn)要介紹測(cè)功機(jī)、油門(mén)執(zhí)行器、缸壓傳感器、NOx分析儀等測(cè)量與控制元件的原理并完成了選型,簡(jiǎn)述了軟件系統(tǒng)的功能,對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)底座、彈性聯(lián)軸器、編碼器支架等機(jī)械元件提出多種方案并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)效果確定較優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方案,對(duì)油路輔助系統(tǒng)、排氣系統(tǒng)完成設(shè)計(jì)和加工;3)對(duì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行安裝與調(diào)試,并完成相關(guān)性能測(cè)試。主要完成了扭矩標(biāo)定、油門(mén)零度/滿度標(biāo)定、基準(zhǔn)壓力標(biāo)定、上止點(diǎn)位置標(biāo)定等調(diào)試工作,然后進(jìn)行外特性、調(diào)速特性和排放特性試驗(yàn),并通過(guò)Matlab軟件對(duì)示功圖進(jìn)行快速傅里葉變換濾除干擾信號(hào);4)通過(guò)逆向工程得到試驗(yàn)柴油機(jī)內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)模型,應(yīng)用AVL BOOST軟件建立一維模型,并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,以一維模型的部分仿真結(jié)果作為初始條件和邊界條件,應(yīng)用AVL FIRE軟件建立了三維仿真模型,分析了螺旋氣道對(duì)缸內(nèi)流場(chǎng)的影響,證明了螺旋氣道有助于改善缸內(nèi)氣流流動(dòng)狀態(tài),然后對(duì)柴油機(jī)的噴霧、燃燒性能進(jìn)行了分析,為后續(xù)柴油機(jī)性能分析及改進(jìn)奠定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the energy crisis and the increasingly stringent emission regulations, domestic automobile and engine manufacturers have accelerated the pace of energy saving and emission reduction. The combustion performance of small agricultural diesel engine is poor and the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and soot is high. In order to meet the emission standard it is necessary to improve its working performance. Therefore, it is necessary to test the power performance and economy performance of small diesel engine by corresponding test, and analyze the change of cycle working process by simulation, so as to put forward the corresponding suggestions for improving engine performance. Based on a small diesel engine produced by a factory for off-road moving machinery, according to the basic requirements and main functions of the test-bed, the overall design and construction of the test-bed and the installation and commissioning of the test-bed are completed in this paper. The power, economy and emission characteristics of the test engine under different operating conditions were tested and analyzed. The engine port and combustion chamber models are obtained by reverse engineering. Based on AVL BOOST and AVL FIRE software, the one-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation models of diesel engine are established, and the simulation model is verified according to the test results, and the flow of the port is verified. The fuel injection and combustion process were preliminarily analyzed. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the basic requirements and main functions of the test bench are established according to the related performance parameters and the purpose of the test engine, and the overall design of the test bed is completed, taking into account the limited funds for the construction of the test bed. It is determined that the test bench is constructed by the combination of external purchase and independent design. 2) the components of the test bed are selected and designed independently. The principle of measuring and controlling elements, such as dynamometer, throttle actuator, cylinder pressure sensor, NOx analyzer and so on, are briefly introduced. The functions of the software system, the engine base, the elastic coupling, and so on are described. Encoder support and other mechanical components put forward a variety of schemes and according to the experimental results to determine the optimal design scheme for the oil circuit auxiliary system exhaust system design and processing; 3) to install and debug the test bed and complete the related performance testing. The debugging work of torque calibration, throttle zero / full degree calibration, benchmark pressure calibration, top-and-off position calibration and so on are completed, and then the tests of external characteristics, speed regulation characteristics and emission characteristics are carried out. The interference signal is filtered by fast Fourier transform with Matlab software. 4) the flow field model of diesel engine is obtained by reverse engineering, and the one-dimensional model is established by AVL BOOST software, which is verified by the experimental data. Taking some simulation results of one-dimensional model as initial condition and boundary condition, a three-dimensional simulation model is established by using AVL FIRE software. The influence of spiral port on flow field in cylinder is analyzed. It is proved that spiral port is helpful to improve the flow state in cylinder. Then, the spray and combustion performance of diesel engine are analyzed, which lays a foundation for further analysis and improvement of diesel engine performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TK427

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李軍;王燕波;付偉峰;王興東;李紅健;;汽車(chē)車(chē)門(mén)及罩蓋操作試驗(yàn)臺(tái)開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2006年09期

2 查宏民;丁昕;李強(qiáng);孫國(guó)權(quán);;汽車(chē)座椅部件動(dòng)態(tài)組合試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的研究[J];測(cè)控技術(shù);2009年05期

3 劉云鵬;李平康;杜秀霞;卜樹(shù)峰;;新型綜合傳動(dòng)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2009年09期

4 趙海霞;周長(zhǎng)哲;張海龍;楊洋;;混合動(dòng)力汽車(chē)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架簡(jiǎn)介[J];工程與試驗(yàn);2013年02期

5 王肇義;705型試驗(yàn)臺(tái)簡(jiǎn)介[J];鐵道車(chē)輛;1981年07期

6 劉云 ,許禮門(mén);燃油試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的制造與安裝[J];洪都科技;1990年04期

7 唐維新,劉賤生;風(fēng)扇試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)誤差分析[J];湖南大學(xué)邵陽(yáng)分校學(xué)報(bào);1991年04期

8 邵偉國(guó);周春樹(shù);陳建;;摩托車(chē)離合器綜合試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架及應(yīng)用[J];摩托車(chē)技術(shù);1993年01期

9 周力 ,張林;搖晃軸試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架控制系統(tǒng)[J];工程機(jī)械;2003年05期

10 林巨廣;蔡高坡;劉波;謝峰;;慣量模擬橋總成在線檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的研究[J];組合機(jī)床與自動(dòng)化加工技術(shù);2008年10期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前8條

1 李軍;王燕波;付偉峰;王興東;李紅建;;汽車(chē)車(chē)門(mén)及罩蓋氣動(dòng)操作試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)[A];第四屆全國(guó)流體傳動(dòng)與控制學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2006年

2 孫仁云;;汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)液力挺柱試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)[A];首屆信息獲取與處理學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2003年

3 徐春華;牛繼高;;電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)及結(jié)果分析[A];第六屆河南省汽車(chē)工程科技學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2009年

4 孫仁云;;汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)液力挺柱試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)[A];全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)：中國(guó)科技工作者的歷史責(zé)任——中國(guó)科協(xié)2003年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集（上）[C];2003年

5 黃菠;何云強(qiáng);李曉波;吳亞?wèn)|;;發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電力測(cè)功機(jī)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)研制[A];2013中國(guó)汽車(chē)工程學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)論文集[C];2013年

6 戶冬;;氣道試驗(yàn)臺(tái)及4種評(píng)價(jià)方法介紹[A];2010重慶汽車(chē)工程學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)論文專輯[C];2010年

7 江征風(fēng);徐少波;;長(zhǎng)圓弧彈簧靜剛度的檢測(cè)[A];湖北省機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)與傳動(dòng)學(xué)會(huì)、武漢機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與傳動(dòng)學(xué)會(huì)2008年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集（1）[C];2008年

8 申超;路培斗;孟甲凡;高明明;;AMT聯(lián)調(diào)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架設(shè)計(jì)[A];自主創(chuàng)新、學(xué)術(shù)交流——第十屆河南省汽車(chē)工程科學(xué)技術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2013年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 曾菊敏;試驗(yàn)專業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人[N];中國(guó)航空?qǐng)?bào);2004年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉巍;輕型汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向穩(wěn)定性控制算法及硬件在環(huán)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 白永彬;制動(dòng)閥中間體試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的研制[D];西南交通大學(xué);2014年

2 黃清健;高速列車(chē)摩擦制動(dòng)噪聲縮比試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的研制[D];西南交通大學(xué);2015年

3 陳道泉;多軸車(chē)輛的柔性試驗(yàn)技術(shù)研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2015年

4 李金朋;輪式點(diǎn)狀液態(tài)注肥機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)與試驗(yàn)[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2015年

5 劉文峰;秸稈粉碎機(jī)性能測(cè)試試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)[D];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

6 聶兆霖;礦用自卸車(chē)落物和滾翻保護(hù)裝置試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)及結(jié)構(gòu)分析[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

7 楊辰;某高速旋轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)振動(dòng)特性分析[D];南京理工大學(xué);2016年

8 張保針;混合動(dòng)力試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架的測(cè)控系統(tǒng)研發(fā)[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2016年

9 張雷;制動(dòng)器試驗(yàn)臺(tái)氣壓制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)研究與仿真[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2016年

10 夏石友;CVT試驗(yàn)臺(tái)控制系統(tǒng)的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)[D];湖南大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號(hào)：2289570