【摘要】：熱聲發(fā)動機是通過熱聲效應(yīng)由熱產(chǎn)生機械動力的一種裝置。不同于常規(guī)的機械式壓縮機,它具有無運動部件、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、可靠性高、壽命長等特點;可采用惰性氣體作為工質(zhì),對環(huán)境無污染,環(huán)保性能高;可采用低品位熱源作為驅(qū)動源,能源綜合利用性能高。因此,在現(xiàn)代新能源利用技術(shù)中,熱聲發(fā)動機具有很大的發(fā)展?jié)摿蛷V泛的應(yīng)用前景。目前,熱聲熱機的數(shù)值計算在熱聲學(xué)的研究進程中越來越受到重視,通過對熱聲系統(tǒng)模擬可以對系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的熱力學(xué)特性進行預(yù)測,而且能夠為熱聲系統(tǒng)的實驗研究和熱聲熱機的設(shè)計提供很大的幫助。普遍認(rèn)為,行波熱聲設(shè)備的效率要高于駐波設(shè)備,因此,對行波型熱聲熱機的研究已成為熱聲領(lǐng)域的研究熱點。本文采用分布參數(shù)法并利用傳輸矩陣方程,計算出行波形熱聲發(fā)動機的諧振頻率,得出的振蕩頻率為復(fù)頻率形式,其實部代表實際頻率,虛部表示壓力幅值的衰減程度。并對處于不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和運行參數(shù)情況下的系統(tǒng)頻率進行了比較計算,得到了各參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)諧振頻率的影響規(guī)律。把已經(jīng)計算出的系統(tǒng)頻率帶入到各傳輸矩陣方程中,對行波型熱聲發(fā)動機系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的聲場分布特性,包括波動壓力振幅、體積流率振幅、壓流之間的相位差以及聲功流等分布進行了數(shù)值模擬,對此類發(fā)動機內(nèi)的聲場分布有了更為深入的認(rèn)識。在數(shù)值計算的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合DeltaEC軟件研制并搭建了一臺行波型熱聲發(fā)動機,以氮氣為工質(zhì)進行了初步實驗研究。得出在相同的加熱功率下,隨著工作壓力的增大,加熱溫度逐漸降低。當(dāng)壓力一定時,隨著加熱功率的增加,加熱溫度也呈上升趨勢,系統(tǒng)擁有的壓比也更大,壓比越大意味著熱聲系統(tǒng)的做功能力越強。因此,可以通過調(diào)節(jié)加熱功率來控制系統(tǒng)的溫度,進而提高系統(tǒng)的壓比和熱聲轉(zhuǎn)化效率。
[Abstract]:A thermoacoustic engine is a device that generates mechanical power from heat through thermoacoustic effects. Different from the conventional mechanical compressor, it has no moving parts, simple structure, high reliability, long life and so on. It can use inert gas as working fluid, no pollution to the environment and high environmental protection performance. The low grade heat source can be used as the driving source and the comprehensive utilization performance of energy is high. Therefore, thermoacoustic engine has great development potential and wide application prospect in modern new energy utilization technology. At present, more and more attention has been paid to the numerical calculation of thermoacoustic engine in the research process of thermoacoustics. The thermodynamic characteristics of the thermoacoustic system can be predicted by simulating the thermoacoustic system. And it can provide great help for the experimental research of thermoacoustic system and the design of thermoacoustic engine. It is generally believed that the efficiency of traveling wave thermoacoustic equipment is higher than that of standing wave equipment. Therefore, the research on traveling wave thermoacoustic machine has become a hot spot in the field of thermoacoustic. In this paper, the resonant frequency of the trip waveform thermoacoustic engine is calculated by using the distribution parameter method and the transfer matrix equation. The oscillation frequency is in the form of complex frequency, in fact, the part represents the actual frequency, and the imaginary part represents the attenuation degree of the pressure amplitude. The frequency of the system with different structure parameters and operation parameters is compared and calculated, and the influence of each parameter on the resonant frequency of the system is obtained. The calculated system frequency is introduced into each transmission matrix equation, and the acoustic field distribution characteristics in the traveling wave thermoacoustic engine system, including the amplitude of wave pressure, the amplitude of volume flow rate, the distribution of sound field in the traveling wave thermoacoustic engine system are studied. The phase difference between pressure flow and the distribution of acoustic work flow are numerically simulated, and the distribution of sound field in this kind of engine is more deeply understood. On the basis of numerical calculation, a traveling wave thermoacoustic engine was developed and built with DeltaEC software. Under the same heating power, the heating temperature decreases with the increase of working pressure. When the pressure is constant, the heating temperature increases with the increase of heating power, and the pressure ratio of the system is larger. The higher the pressure ratio is, the stronger the work ability of thermoacoustic system is. Therefore, the temperature of the system can be controlled by adjusting the heating power, and the pressure ratio and thermoacoustic conversion efficiency of the system can be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TK401

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