本文選題：單螺桿膨脹機(jī) + 含濕量��； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：能源是人類生存和發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),也是制約經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要瓶頸。我國工業(yè)能耗占總能耗的70%以上,其中至少50%的耗能是溫度不同的工業(yè)余熱,且大部分可回收利用。因此節(jié)能減排作為我國的一項(xiàng)基本國策,是我國實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略保障和面臨的極為迫切的任務(wù)。我國能源利用率低、能耗高。除了生產(chǎn)工藝相對(duì)落后、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理的因素外,工業(yè)余熱利用率低,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益差,能源沒有得到充分綜合利用是造成能耗高的重要原因,我國能源利用率僅為33%左右,比發(fā)達(dá)國家低約10%,至少50%的工業(yè)耗能以各種形式的余熱被直接廢棄。余熱利用率提升空間大,節(jié)能潛力巨大,因此大力提倡節(jié)能減排、降低能耗、提高能源綜合利用率,開發(fā)適用于低溫余熱發(fā)電的新一代小型高效動(dòng)力設(shè)備成為了重要的研究方向。本文主要針對(duì)低溫余熱利用技術(shù)。因?yàn)橐恍╊I(lǐng)域里的余熱資源沒有得到合理的利用以及小規(guī)模低溫發(fā)電動(dòng)力設(shè)備技術(shù)效率底下等因素導(dǎo)致了能源的浪費(fèi)。因此提高能源利用率尤其是提高低溫余熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)能源利用率就顯得尤為重要了。本文主要通過小型動(dòng)力設(shè)備單螺桿膨脹機(jī)性能測試,來檢驗(yàn)影響單螺桿膨脹機(jī)性能的原因。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)設(shè)計(jì)和搭建加熱壓縮空氣及蒸汽的單螺桿膨脹機(jī)以實(shí)驗(yàn)測試系統(tǒng),在原來實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行改造,增加水蒸氣質(zhì)量流量計(jì)算的儀表設(shè)備。并通過加入潤滑油油路循環(huán)系統(tǒng)搭建測試潤滑油粘度對(duì)單螺桿膨脹機(jī)影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)水蒸氣和潤滑油的影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。(2)通過加入水蒸氣,改變水蒸氣的含量,通過測量和計(jì)算其功率、氣耗率、熱效率等性能參數(shù),并對(duì)不同含濕量的壓縮空氣下膨脹動(dòng)力機(jī)的性能進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明,在空氣中加入部分水能有效提高膨脹機(jī)的運(yùn)行效率。(3)通過改變不同潤滑油的粘度,來觀察在不同粘度潤滑油的情況下單螺桿膨脹機(jī)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)的變化情況,分析不同粘度的潤滑油對(duì)單螺桿膨脹機(jī)造成的影響。不同的溫度對(duì)于潤滑油以及單螺桿膨脹機(jī)的影響不同,在改變壓縮空氣的溫度來測量不同溫度、不同潤滑油的情況下,對(duì)單螺桿膨脹機(jī)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,不同粘度的潤滑油對(duì)單螺桿膨脹機(jī)的影響不同,粘度越小,膨脹機(jī)的效率越高。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important material basis for human survival and development, and also a major bottleneck restricting economic and social development. Industrial energy consumption in China accounts for more than 70% of the total energy consumption, in which at least 50% of the energy consumption is industrial waste heat with different temperatures, and most of the energy consumption is recyclable. Therefore, energy saving and emission reduction, as a basic national policy of our country, is an important strategic guarantee and an urgent task for our country to realize sustainable development. Our country energy efficiency is low, energy consumption is high. In addition to the factors that the production process is relatively backward and the industrial structure is unreasonable, the low utilization ratio of industrial waste heat, the poor economic benefit and the insufficient comprehensive utilization of energy are the important reasons for the high energy consumption. The energy utilization ratio in China is only about 33%. About 10 percent less than developed countries, at least 50 percent of industrial energy consumption in all forms of waste heat is directly discarded. The utilization rate of waste heat has a large space for improvement and great potential for energy saving. Therefore, we strongly advocate energy conservation and emission reduction, reduce energy consumption, and improve the comprehensive utilization of energy. It has become an important research direction to develop a new generation of small efficient power equipment suitable for low temperature waste heat generation. This paper mainly aims at low temperature waste heat utilization technology. The waste energy is caused by the improper utilization of waste heat resources in some fields and the low efficiency of small scale low-temperature power plants. Therefore, it is very important to improve energy efficiency, especially for low temperature waste heat generation system. In this paper, the performance of single screw expander of small power equipment is tested to test the reasons that affect the performance of single screw expander. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) designing and setting up a single screw expander for heating compressed air and steam to test the test system, reforming the experimental equipment on the basis of the original experiment, and increasing the instrument equipment for calculating the mass flow rate of water vapor. An experimental platform for testing the influence of lubricating oil viscosity on single screw expander was built by adding lubricating oil circulation system. The influence of water vapor and lubricating oil was studied experimentally. (2) by adding water vapor, the content of water vapor was changed. By measuring and calculating its power, gas consumption rate, thermal efficiency and other performance parameters, the performance of expansion engine under different moisture content of compressed air is compared and analyzed. The results show that the operation efficiency of the expander can be improved effectively by adding some water to the air.) by changing the viscosity of different lubricating oil, the operating parameters of the screw expander are observed when the lubricating oil with different viscosity is sent out. The effect of lubricating oil with different viscosity on single screw expander was analyzed. The effect of different temperature on lubricating oil and single screw expander is different. Under the condition of changing the temperature of compressed air to measure different temperature and different lubricating oil, the operation parameters of single screw expander are compared and analyzed. The experiment shows that the effect of lubricating oil with different viscosity on the single screw expander is different. The lower the viscosity, the higher the efficiency of the expander.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TK115

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 汪玉林;;低溫余熱能源發(fā)電裝置綜述[J];熱電技術(shù);2007年01期

2 周大地;;2020年中國能源戰(zhàn)略分析[J];中國高�？萍寂c產(chǎn)業(yè)化;2007年11期

，

本文編號(hào)：1790125