本文選題：超聲波　切入點：強化傳熱　出處：《東北電力大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：工業(yè)中廣泛使用的換熱設備在其換熱表面總會產(chǎn)生結垢問題，，這不僅影響設備換熱性能，使換熱效率下降，嚴重的還會影響設備的安全運行。超聲波除垢因其有著簡單、高效、無污染、可連續(xù)運行、自動化程度高、工作性能可靠等優(yōu)點，近年來被廣泛用于換熱設備中。 目前對于超聲波除垢效果影響因素的研究主要局限在超聲波參數(shù)和換熱介質參數(shù)兩方面，而對于管道幾何結構對超聲波除垢效果影響的研究少有報道。為解決這一問題，通過自制超聲波實驗臺分別采用圓管、波紋管、螺紋管和橫紋管測量不同管道出口處的聲強和空化噪音積分數(shù)，對超聲波在不同管道中的傳播特性和空化效果進行了分析，并深入分析了影響機理。 本文以超聲波在強化換熱管內(nèi)的傳播和空化為研究重點，通過實驗分析了影響超聲波在管內(nèi)傳播和空化效果的因素：換熱介質參數(shù)、換熱管型。通過實驗結果研究分析了最佳換熱介質參數(shù)以及最有利于超聲波除垢的換熱管型。 結果表明：管道的幾何結構對超聲波傳播特性和空化效果有著明顯影響，在各種管型中，圓管最有利于超聲波的傳播，相比于圓管超聲波在強化換熱管中的傳播特性較差。超聲波在橫紋管和螺紋管中的傳播特性比圓管差，在波紋管中的傳播特性最差。在橫紋管和螺紋管內(nèi)，由于湍流強度升高，更有利于超聲空化產(chǎn)生。超聲波在橫紋管和螺紋管中的空化效果要優(yōu)于圓管，但在波紋管中，由于過高的湍流強度，反而對超聲空化起抑制作用。管型的幾何參數(shù)對超聲波的傳播有著明顯的影響，相比于改變流體介質的參數(shù)，管道的幾何參數(shù)對超聲空化的影響更加明顯。
[Abstract]:The problem of scaling will always occur on the heat transfer surface of the widely used heat transfer equipment in industry, which not only affects the heat transfer performance of the equipment, reduces the heat transfer efficiency, but also seriously affects the safe operation of the equipment.Ultrasonic scale removal has been widely used in heat exchanger in recent years because of its advantages such as simple, high efficiency, no pollution, continuous operation, high degree of automation, reliable working performance and so on.At present, the research on the influencing factors of ultrasonic scale removal effect is mainly limited to ultrasonic parameters and heat transfer medium parameters, but there are few reports on the influence of pipeline geometry on ultrasonic scale removal effect.In order to solve this problem, the sound intensity and cavitation noise integral number at the outlet of different pipes were measured by using a self-made ultrasonic test bench with circular pipe, corrugated tube, threaded tube and transverse tube, respectively.The propagation characteristics and cavitation effect of ultrasonic wave in different pipelines are analyzed, and the influence mechanism is analyzed.This paper focuses on the propagation and cavitation of ultrasonic wave in the enhanced heat transfer pipe. The factors influencing the propagation and cavitation effect of ultrasonic wave in the tube are analyzed experimentally: the heat transfer medium parameters and the heat transfer tube type.The optimum parameters of heat transfer medium and the type of heat transfer pipe which is most favorable for ultrasonic scale removal are studied and analyzed by the experimental results.The results show that the geometrical structure of the pipe has obvious influence on the ultrasonic propagation characteristics and cavitation effect. Among the various pipe types, the circular tube is the most favorable for the ultrasonic propagation, compared with the circular ultrasonic wave in the enhanced heat transfer pipe, the propagation characteristics of the pipe is worse.The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic wave in transverse and threaded tubes are worse than those in circular tubes, and the propagation characteristics in bellows are the worst.In transverse and threaded tubes, ultrasonic cavitation is more favorable to ultrasonic cavitation due to the increase of turbulence intensity.The cavitation effect of ultrasonic wave in transverse and threaded tube is better than that in circular tube, but in bellows, the ultrasonic cavitation is inhibited because of the excessive turbulence intensity.The geometric parameters of the tube have an obvious influence on the propagation of ultrasonic wave. Compared with changing the parameters of the fluid medium, the geometric parameters of the pipe have more obvious influence on the ultrasonic cavitation.
【學位授予單位】：東北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK172

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