本文選題：有機朗肯循環(huán)　切入點：噴射器　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)在低品位能源的利用中具有良好的表現(xiàn),在嚴(yán)峻的能源形勢下有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的研究和應(yīng)用備受關(guān)注。氣液兩相噴射器是一種特殊的流體輸送裝置,它使氣態(tài)和液態(tài)兩股流體在其特殊的流動通道內(nèi)進(jìn)行質(zhì)量、動量、能量的交換,產(chǎn)生凝結(jié)激波,在噴射器出口獲得壓力均高于兩入口壓力的液態(tài)工質(zhì)。噴射器無運動部件、無噪音、無泄漏,應(yīng)用于有機朗肯循環(huán)中取代傳統(tǒng)的機械升壓泵,無需外力驅(qū)動,可以提高循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的能源利用率。本文以噴射器升壓式有機朗肯循環(huán)為研究對象,即將氣液兩相噴射器應(yīng)用于有機朗肯循環(huán)中構(gòu)成噴射器-汽輪機有機朗肯循環(huán)、將噴射器和液輪機取代傳統(tǒng)有機朗肯循環(huán)中的工質(zhì)泵和汽輪機構(gòu)成噴射器-液輪機有機朗肯循環(huán),克服工質(zhì)泵和汽輪機占地面積大、泄漏、操作復(fù)雜等缺點。對兩種新的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)和傳統(tǒng)有機朗肯循環(huán)的火用效率與熱效率進(jìn)行了理論計算和分析,分析噴射器對系統(tǒng)性能的影響作用。結(jié)果表明,在相同的蒸發(fā)器出口條件下,噴射器與汽輪機結(jié)合的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)在三種系統(tǒng)中具有最高的火用效率和熱效率,分別為58.11%、15.9%；噴射器與液輪機結(jié)合的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的火用效率不超過50%、熱效率在14%以下,雖然能源利用效率低,但是該系統(tǒng)可以應(yīng)用在一些移動設(shè)備和空間有限的場合。噴射器與汽輪機結(jié)合的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的火用效率和熱效率較高,具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。研究內(nèi)容為低品位能源的利用提出了一種新的發(fā)展思路。在噴射器與汽輪機結(jié)合的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中,研究了該系統(tǒng)使用干工質(zhì)、濕工質(zhì)和等熵工質(zhì)時的系統(tǒng)性能。結(jié)果表明,使用等熵工質(zhì)時,噴射器與汽輪機結(jié)合的有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)熱效率最高,為18.0%,系統(tǒng)輸出凈功較大,為486.55kW；系統(tǒng)使用干工質(zhì)時由于汽輪機排汽溫度高,增加了工質(zhì)在冷凝器中的能量損失從而降低系統(tǒng)熱效率,而且影響部件使用壽命；使用濕工質(zhì)時,系統(tǒng)的輸出凈功最小、熱效率最低。搭建了噴射器性能實驗臺架,使用有機工質(zhì)R141b對噴射器進(jìn)行實驗,考查了噴射器的升壓能力和引射系數(shù)能達(dá)到的范圍。實驗中噴射器出口壓力低于蒸氣壓力,引射系數(shù)較小。實驗表明,當(dāng)使用有機工質(zhì)時,要實現(xiàn)噴射器的升壓能力、達(dá)到較大的引射系數(shù)還要對噴射器進(jìn)行更為嚴(yán)格的設(shè)計和更為完善的實驗操作。本文研究得到國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(NO.51266001)的支持。
[Abstract]:Organic Rankine cycle system has good performance in the use of low grade energy, has attracted much attention in the research and application of organic Rankine cycle system the severe energy situation. The two-phase ejector is a special fluid conveying device, it makes the gaseous and liquid two fluid quality, in its special flow channel the momentum, energy exchange, condensation shock is generated in the liquid refrigerant, the injector outlet pressure is higher than two. The entrance pressure ejector with no moving parts, no noise, no leakage, applied to the organic Rankine cycle to replace the traditional mechanical booster pump, without external force, can improve the circulation system of energy utilization rate. In this paper the ejector boost organic Rankine cycle as the research object, the gas-liquid two-phase ejector for organic Rankine cycle in a jet turbine organic Rankine cycle, the injector and the The hydraulic turbine to replace the traditional organic Rankine cycle in the refrigerant pump and turbine of injector hydraulic turbine organic Rankine cycle, steam turbine and pump overcome refrigerant leakage, covers an area of large, complex operation shortcomings. The exergy efficiency and heat efficiency of two kinds of organic Rankine cycle system and the traditional theory of organic Rankine cycle the calculation and analysis, analysis of ejector effect on the system performance. The results show that the outlet of the evaporator in the same conditions, injection of organic Rankine cycle system and steam turbine combined with the highest thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the three systems, respectively, 58.11%, 15.9%; exergy efficiency of jet reactor and organic Rankine cycle system the hydraulic turbine with no more than 50%, the thermal efficiency is below 14%, while the low efficiency of energy use, but the system can be used in a number of mobile devices and the limited space of a jet. Organic Rankine cycle system and steam turbine combined with the exergy efficiency and heat efficiency is high and has good application prospects. Put forward a new development idea of content for the utilization of the low grade energy. In organic Rankine cycle system and steam turbine combined with the ejector, studied the use of dry refrigerant in the system, wet work matter and isentropic refrigerant system performance. The results show that the use of isentropic refrigerant, the ejector and the steam turbine combined organic Rankine cycle system the highest thermal efficiency is 18%, the output of the system, the net work is large, 486.55kW system; use dry refrigerant due to steam turbine exhaust temperature is high, increasing the energy loss the refrigerant in the condenser so as to reduce the heat efficiency of the system, but also affect the service life of the components; the use of wet refrigerant, the output of the system net power minimum, the minimum thermal efficiency. Build the ejector performance test bench, using organic Refrigerant R141b experiment on injector, examine the ability for injection booster and ejection coefficient can reach the range. The injector outlet pressure in the experiment is lower than the vapor pressure, ejector coefficient smaller. Experiments show that when using organic refrigerants, to achieve the injection boosting capability is reached, ejector coefficient larger also on the injector for more stringent design and more perfect experimental operation. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (NO.51266001) support.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK26

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 趙欽新;王宇峰;王學(xué)斌;惠世恩;徐通模;;我國余熱利用現(xiàn)狀與技術(shù)進(jìn)展[J];工業(yè)鍋爐;2009年05期

2 趙海濤;賀曉;王歡歡;;基于有機朗肯循環(huán)的生物質(zhì)能熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)技術(shù)的研究[J];能源研究與管理;2011年02期

3 羅向龍;徐樂;譚立鋒;陳穎;;R245fa有機朗肯循環(huán)余熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)火用分析[J];節(jié)能技術(shù);2012年02期

4 李海燕;劉靜;;低品位余熱利用技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀、困境和新策略[J];科技導(dǎo)報;2010年17期

5 江龍;Ecichard A.Groll;;有機朗肯循環(huán)的發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的實驗研究[J];制冷學(xué)報;2012年01期

，

本文編號：1627145