本文選題：速度　切入點：溫度　出處：《浙江大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在資源日漸短缺的今天,微型化得到了廣泛運用,如微電子微機械系統(tǒng)和微全分析系統(tǒng)等,它們在很大程度上節(jié)約了資源和能源,提高了科研效率。近年來,越來越多的學者將目光投向流體流動的微型化上,以期達到優(yōu)化工業(yè)設計、提高生產效率的目的。速度和溫度是微流體兩個重要的參量,其數(shù)值大小直接影響能耗以及反應的進行。而微流體尺度微小,需要發(fā)展出適用的測速和測溫手段。本文研究微流體三維速度場和溫度場的同時測量技術,提出聯(lián)用顯微全息PTV(MicroHPTV)、基于激光誘導熒光的測溫術以及熒光顆粒離焦成像技術,設計并搭建了光學實驗平臺,開展了相關的研究：1. MicroHPTV測速技術原理及實驗研究首先研究顯微成像系統(tǒng)的景深大小及其影響因素。接著研究基于小波或者卷積的重建算法的若干聚焦判據曲線,結果表明小波域內采用亮度梯度局部方差判據法在重建z軸位置方面性能優(yōu)越。再者以數(shù)值模擬的手段,考察顯微全息三維定位和MicroHPTV技術的速度測量誤差。然后將顯微全息和該重建算法應用到大景深的離散顆粒場和傾斜的連續(xù)物的測量。最后,使用MicroHPTV技術測量微通道內流體的三維速度場,并與理論預測結果作對比分析。2.基于激光誘導磷光和熒光的測溫技術的實驗研究磷光和熒光的誘導成因類似,基于激光誘導磷光和熒光的測溫技術均可以運用到微流體的測溫中。首先研究并開發(fā)了工業(yè)型磷光材料ZnS:Eu的絕對磷光強度與溫度的標定曲線。然后以羅丹明B和磺基羅丹明101制備成一定濃度比的混合水溶液,根據其熒光光譜與溫度的變化曲線挑選出溫度敏感與不敏感的熒光波段,搭建雙色熒光測溫實驗平臺,標定了熒光光強比與溫度的測量曲線。根據標定曲線,即可由實驗數(shù)據插值計算被測溫度。3.三維速度場和溫度場的同時測量研究首先針對顯微成像系統(tǒng)景深較小的問題,開展了熒光顆粒離焦成像的特性研究,實驗和模擬結果說明盡管熒光顆粒的絕對強度受離焦位置的影響,但是強度比卻不受影響。接著提出利用顯微全息進行顆粒的三維定位,運用顆粒匹配算法,推導出熒光圖像上顆粒的三維位置,同時利用熒光的強度比與溫度的單調相關性,得到三維溫度場。最后聯(lián)用MicroHPTV、雙色熒光測溫法和熒光顆粒離焦成像法,開展了微流體三維速度場和溫度場同時測量的模擬研究,證實了測量技術的可行性,得到了微流體三維速度場和溫度場的分布。
[Abstract]:In today's increasingly scarce resources, miniaturization has been widely used, such as microelectromechanical systems and micro-total analysis systems, which have largely saved resources and energy, and improved the efficiency of scientific research. More and more scholars are focusing on the miniaturization of fluid flow in order to optimize industrial design and improve production efficiency. Speed and temperature are two important parameters of microfluid. Its numerical value directly affects the energy consumption and the reaction, but the microfluid scale is small, so it is necessary to develop suitable velocity and temperature measurement methods. In this paper, the 3-D velocity field and temperature field of microfluid are studied simultaneously. Based on laser induced fluorescence thermometry and fluorescence particle defocusing imaging technology, an optical experimental platform is designed and built. The principle and experiment of MicroHPTV velocimetry technology are studied. Firstly, the depth of field and its influencing factors are studied. Then, some focus criterion curves of reconstruction algorithm based on wavelet or convolution are studied. The results show that the local variance criterion of brightness gradient in wavelet domain is superior in reconstruction of z axis position. The measurement error of microholographic 3-D positioning and MicroHPTV technique is investigated. Then the micro-holography and the reconstruction algorithm are applied to the measurement of discrete particle fields with large depth of field and tilted continuum. The three-dimensional velocity field of the fluid in microchannel was measured by MicroHPTV technique, and compared with the theoretical prediction results. 2. The experimental study on the laser-induced phosphorescence and fluorescence based on the temperature measurement technique is similar in origin of phosphorescence and fluorescence induction. The temperature measurement based on laser induced phosphorescence and fluorescence can be used to measure the temperature of microfluid. Firstly, the calibration curves of absolute phosphorescence intensity and temperature of industrial phosphor material ZnS:Eu are studied and developed. Then the calibration curves of absolute phosphorescence intensity and temperature of industrial phosphor material ZnS:Eu are studied and developed. The mixed aqueous solution with a certain concentration ratio was prepared by sulfonyl rhodamine 101. According to the variation curve of fluorescence spectrum and temperature, the temperature-sensitive and insensitive fluorescence bands are selected, and the experimental platform of two-color fluorescence temperature measurement is built, and the measuring curve of fluorescence intensity ratio and temperature is calibrated. The 3-D velocity field and temperature field are measured simultaneously. Firstly, aiming at the problem of small depth of field in microscopic imaging system, the characteristics of defocusing imaging of fluorescent particles are studied. The experimental and simulation results show that although the absolute intensity of fluorescent particles is affected by the defocus position, the intensity ratio is not affected. The three-dimensional position of the particles on the fluorescence image is deduced, and the three-dimensional temperature field is obtained by using the monotone correlation between the intensity ratio of fluorescence and temperature. Finally, the microHPTV, dual-color fluorescence thermometry and fluorescence particle defocusing imaging are combined. The three-dimensional velocity field and temperature field of microfluid are simulated and studied. The feasibility of the measurement technique is verified and the distribution of three-dimensional velocity field and temperature field of micro-fluid is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK31

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