本文關(guān)鍵詞：面向水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器的MSMA高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥研究　出處：《南昌工程學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 水輪機(jī) 調(diào)速器 伺服閥 磁控形狀記憶合金材料 有限元

【摘要】：水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器是水電站重要的附屬設(shè)備之一,其性能的優(yōu)劣直接影響到水電廠發(fā)電質(zhì)量的高低。水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器的工作原理是通過(guò)調(diào)整機(jī)組導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)的開(kāi)度來(lái)改變機(jī)組有功功率的輸入,進(jìn)而維持整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)有功功率的平衡與穩(wěn)定,因此對(duì)水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器的研究具有非常重要的意義。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器調(diào)節(jié)精度的研究主要是集中在控制算法來(lái)進(jìn)行的,而進(jìn)一步對(duì)其調(diào)節(jié)精度整體提升的前提條件是先導(dǎo)閥控制精度的極大提高。液壓放大裝置中的先導(dǎo)閥作為水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器的重要組成部分,目前大部分水電站均采用伺服閥結(jié)構(gòu)。本文結(jié)合目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)精密器件的研究熱點(diǎn),采用磁控形狀記憶合金材料作為驅(qū)動(dòng)源,設(shè)計(jì)研究了一種具備高精度、高頻率特點(diǎn)的高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥,以滿足水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器對(duì)先導(dǎo)閥控制精度的要求。磁控形狀記憶合金材料具有應(yīng)變大、精度高、響應(yīng)頻率高及可靠性高等特點(diǎn),目前是傳輸與控制精密流體、精密數(shù)控機(jī)床加工等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的研究熱門(mén)及應(yīng)用材料。但是,磁控形狀記憶合金材料的磁滯非線性及復(fù)雜的本構(gòu)關(guān)系增加了其應(yīng)用的難度,多物理場(chǎng)的耦合也使其理論研究變得困難。目前常用的商業(yè)分析軟件如ANSYS有限元軟件、MatLab/Simulink軟件等對(duì)磁致伸縮材料都有相關(guān)的仿真分析模塊,這對(duì)論文的仿真研究提供了很好的條件。論文以精密閥體技術(shù)為背景,在分析水輪機(jī)調(diào)速器結(jié)構(gòu)和調(diào)節(jié)原理、新型閥的種類、磁控形狀記憶合金材料的性能原理等基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合MSMA材料對(duì)閥體的驅(qū)動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),并確定各部分的材料參數(shù)及結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸;然后對(duì)磁控形狀記憶合金材料磁滯非線性特性研究中的6種本構(gòu)關(guān)系理論數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了研究分析;接著采用MatLab/Simulink軟件對(duì)先導(dǎo)伺服閥與主閥結(jié)構(gòu)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行建模與仿真分析,并采用ANSYS軟件對(duì)MSMA材料驅(qū)動(dòng)磁路進(jìn)行了仿真分析;最后加工驅(qū)動(dòng)樣機(jī)并搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試平臺(tái),對(duì)優(yōu)化后的閥體驅(qū)動(dòng)源部分進(jìn)行了測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn),通過(guò)比較仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)閥體模型進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種伺服閥的新型結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic turbine governor is one of the important auxiliary equipments of hydropower station. Its performance directly affects the power generation quality of hydropower plants. The working principle of turbine governor is to change the input of unit active power by adjusting the opening of the water guide mechanism of the unit. And then maintain the balance and stability of the active power of the whole power system, so it is very important to study the governor of hydraulic turbine. The research on regulating accuracy of hydraulic turbine governor at home and abroad is mainly focused on the control algorithm. And the premise of further raising the adjustment accuracy is to greatly improve the control accuracy of the pilot valve. The pilot valve is an important part of the hydraulic turbine governor in the hydraulic amplifying device. At present, most hydropower stations adopt servo valve structure. In this paper, a kind of high precision has been designed and studied by using magnetically controlled shape memory alloy material as the driving source, combined with the research hotspot of precision devices at home and abroad. High-speed switching valves with high frequency characteristics can meet the requirements of hydraulic turbine governor for the control accuracy of pilot valves. Magnetic control shape memory alloy materials have the characteristics of large strain, high precision, high response frequency and high reliability. At present, it is a hot research and application material in the fields of transmission and control of precision fluid, precision NC machine tool processing and so on. The hysteresis nonlinearity and complex constitutive relation of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy materials increase the difficulty of its application. The coupling of multi-physical fields also makes it difficult to study the theory. Commercial analysis software, such as ANSYS finite element software, is commonly used at present. MatLab/Simulink software and other magnetostrictive materials have related simulation and analysis module, which provides a good condition for the simulation research of this paper. The background of this paper is precision valve body technology. On the basis of analyzing the structure and regulation principle of hydraulic turbine governor, the type of new valve and the performance principle of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy material, the driving structure of valve body is designed with MSMA material. And determine the material parameters and structural dimensions of each part; Then, six kinds of constitutive relation mathematical models in the study of magnetic hysteresis nonlinear properties of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy materials are studied and analyzed. Then the MatLab/Simulink software is used to model and simulate the structure of pilot servo valve and main valve. The driving magnetic circuit of MSMA material is simulated and analyzed by ANSYS software. Finally, the prototype was machined and the experimental test platform was set up, and the optimized valve body driving source was tested. By comparing the simulation and experimental data, the structure of the valve body model was optimized. On this basis, a new structure of servo valve is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TK730.3

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