【摘要】：城市綠地是城市中保有一定自然景觀,或其自然景觀得到改變或恢復的綠色區(qū)域,是城市中自然和人文景觀現(xiàn)象的綜合展現(xiàn),在城市中體現(xiàn)著生態(tài)性的生態(tài)空間,對城市居民的身心健康和城市的可持續(xù)發(fā)展起著至關重要的作用,居民能否方便的使用這種綠色空間是衡量現(xiàn)代城市人居環(huán)境質量的一個重要指標。城市綠地可達性正是研究居民使用該綠色空間的一種有效方法,它是指居民克服一定的空間阻力到達該綠地的便捷和難易程度,其對評價城市環(huán)境質量,研究自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的服務功能有著重要的潛在價值,同時也為合理的調整和設計城市綠地系統(tǒng)布局提供了科學依據(jù),從而使城市建設中“以人為本”的理念得以落到實處。 本研究是以西安市建成區(qū)三環(huán)以內的整體城市綠地為例,基于3S技術和網(wǎng)絡分析法,從交通、土地利用、綠地自身質量、人口密度等角度分析了西安2000年和2010年兩個時期城市綠地的可達性和服務水平。結果顯示： (1)2000年的時候,在15min和30min內整體綠地可達性區(qū)域服務面積上,分別占整個區(qū)域面積的9.43%和33.04%,服務人口分別占11.62%和21.92%； (2)2010年時,在15min和30min內整體綠地可達性區(qū)域服務面積上,分別占整個區(qū)域面積的19.13%和37.67%,服務人口分別占27.65%和48.95%,而10年間整體綠地面積由原來的4.95%提高到了12.73%,說明在這十年間,在城市化進程中,城市人口急速增長,城市的路網(wǎng)結構不斷完善,城市居民的物質和精神生活質量也在隨之變化。 (3)從總體方面來看,2000年和2010年各可達區(qū)域的總面積、服務人口和整體可達性都在變化,且可達性都在逐年好轉,2010年三環(huán)內大部分區(qū)域在步行30分鐘內都可以到達最近的景觀綠地,這明顯高于十年前的水平,而且景觀綠地為市民服務的效果和作用也更加顯著。 西安市城市綠地建設正在步入快速發(fā)展階段,應注重舊綠地的改造升級、新綠地的規(guī)劃建設、適當調整城市西南部和西部的部分綠地格局、注意保護和維持東部和東北部現(xiàn)有的綠地景觀,加強城鄉(xiāng)結合帶的綠地建設,努力消除綠地建設中存在的各種問題。 基于GIS技術的城市綠地可達性研究綜合考慮了綠地規(guī)模、人口分布、道路交通、土地利用等重要因素,能客觀并準確的反映城市綠地建設的合理性和公平性,可為西安市城市規(guī)劃建設提供借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Urban green space is a green area where the city has a certain natural landscape, or its natural landscape has been changed or restored. It is a comprehensive display of the natural and human landscape phenomenon in the city, and reflects the ecological space in the city. It plays a vital role in the physical and mental health of urban residents and the sustainable development of the city. Whether the green space can be conveniently used by residents is an important index to measure the quality of modern urban human settlements. The accessibility of urban green space is an effective method to study the residents' use of the green space. It refers to the convenience and difficulty for the residents to overcome certain space resistance to reach the green space and evaluate the quality of the urban environment. The study of the service function of natural ecosystem has important potential value, at the same time, it provides a scientific basis for the rational adjustment and design of urban green space system layout, so that the concept of "people-oriented" in urban construction can be put into practice. This study takes the whole urban green space within the third Ring Road of Xi'an City as an example, based on the 3s technology and network analysis method, from the traffic, land use, green space quality, The accessibility and service level of urban green space in Xi'an in 2000 and 2010 were analyzed in terms of population density. The results showed that: (1) in 15min and 30min, the service area of the whole green space was 9.43% and 33.04%, respectively, and the service population accounted for 11.62% and 21.92% respectively in 2000; (2) in 2010, in 15min and 30min, the service area of the whole green space was 19.13% and 37.67%, respectively, and the service population accounted for 27.65% and 48.95%, respectively. The overall green space area increased from 4.95% to 12.73% in 10 years, indicating that in the course of urbanization, the urban population has increased rapidly, and the urban road network structure has been continuously improved. The quality of material and spiritual life of urban residents is also changing with it. (III) overall, the total area, service population and overall accessibility of each region in 2000 and 2010 are changing, and accessibility is improving year by year. In 2010, most of the areas in the third Ring Road can reach the nearest landscape greenbelt within 30 minutes of walking, which is obviously higher than the level of ten years ago, and the effect and effect of landscape green space serving the citizens is more remarkable. The construction of urban green space in Xi'an is entering a stage of rapid development. We should pay attention to the transformation and upgrading of the old green space, the planning and construction of new green space, and adjust the green space pattern of the southwest and western parts of the city appropriately. Attention should be paid to protecting and maintaining the existing green landscape in the east and northeast, strengthening the green land construction in the urban-rural combination zone, and making great efforts to eliminate the various problems existing in the green space construction. The research on the accessibility of urban green space based on GIS technology comprehensively considers the important factors such as green space scale, population distribution, road traffic, land use and so on, which can objectively and accurately reflect the rationality and fairness of urban green space construction. It can provide reference for Xi'an city planning and construction.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;TU985.2

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