GPS垂直位移反演云南省水儲量變化
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-08 14:58
【摘要】：科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得空間大地測量出現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)多元化以及高精度的特點,全球定位系統(tǒng)(Global Positioning System(GPS))憑借精度高,實時以及全天候等特點被應(yīng)用到各個領(lǐng)域中。國外學(xué)者應(yīng)用連續(xù)運行的GPS網(wǎng)絡(luò)垂直位移觀測數(shù)據(jù)反演得到美國局部地區(qū)陸地水儲量變化,大量研究結(jié)果表明GPS在某些方面優(yōu)于GRACE,為陸地水變化的監(jiān)測提供了新的技術(shù)手段。我國GPS連續(xù)運行觀測網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)已經(jīng)十分完善,探究應(yīng)用國內(nèi)當前GPS網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)測陸地水變化的可行性具有重要意義。地球表面流體的流動會引起地表物質(zhì)的重新分布,彈性地球會隨之產(chǎn)生負荷形變響應(yīng)。GPS能夠直接記錄該負荷形變,本文通過對云南省及其周邊地區(qū)47個國家陸態(tài)網(wǎng)(Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC))GPS連續(xù)觀測站數(shù)據(jù)處理,以垂直位移量為觀測值,外加平滑約束,通過L曲線得到最佳平滑參數(shù),進而反演得到2010-2015年云南省陸地水儲量變化的時間序列。由GPS數(shù)據(jù)反演得到的結(jié)果表明云南省水儲量的分布呈現(xiàn)出明顯的地域化特征:西南部高山地區(qū)的水儲量周年變化高于東部平原地區(qū),呈現(xiàn)出由西到東、低緯向高緯度遞減的特點;在時間尺度上,結(jié)果表明云南省大部分地區(qū)水儲量季節(jié)性變化在10月(大約夏季結(jié)束)達到最大值,在4月(冬季結(jié)束)份降至最小,并且通過對2010～2015年時間序列結(jié)果的線性擬合來看,云南省近年來水儲量變化呈緩慢增長趨勢,速度大約為20mm/yr。除此之外,本文還結(jié)合GRACE、GLDAS以及降雨數(shù)據(jù)綜合分析,結(jié)果表明GPS反演得到的云南省陸地水儲量變化時間序列與GRACE和GLDAS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果在時空分布具有較高的一致性,GPS結(jié)果與GRACE、GLDAS結(jié)果的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.79、0.71,證明GPS觀測數(shù)據(jù)可以作為獨立的觀測量反演陸地水儲量變化,甚至還具有獨自的優(yōu)勢:(1)相對GRACE 300km的空間分辨率,密集的GPS網(wǎng)可以提高結(jié)果的分辨率;(2)GPS數(shù)據(jù)可以說是近實時的,其數(shù)據(jù)延遲僅一天,而GRACE數(shù)據(jù)延遲約一個月,可提高監(jiān)測的實時性;(3)GRACE由于其運行維護需要導(dǎo)致的數(shù)據(jù)缺失(2010-2015年期間有12月的數(shù)據(jù)缺失),可以由GPS提供相應(yīng)的尺度因子以及插值所需的變化趨勢信息等。(4)GPS反演得到的陸地水儲量中包含了 GLDAS中沒有的地下水以及湖泊河流水。由于反演結(jié)果極大地依賴于GPS網(wǎng)絡(luò)的密集程度以及GPS觀測值的精度,目前國內(nèi)的GPS觀測網(wǎng)絡(luò)在各方面尚未完善;另外扣除負荷形變后的GPS仍然具有明顯的系統(tǒng)性信號,頻譜分析表明殘余信號中具有明顯的GPS交年項誤差,導(dǎo)致GPS反演結(jié)果比GRACE更大,關(guān)于GPS監(jiān)測陸地水的應(yīng)用仍需進一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, space geodetic survey has the characteristics of diversity and high accuracy. (Global Positioning System (GPS) is applied in various fields by virtue of its high precision, real-time and all-weather characteristics. Foreign scholars use continuous GPS network vertical displacement observation data to retrieve the land water reserves in some parts of the United States. A large number of research results show that GPS is better than GRACE, in some aspects to provide a new technical means for land water change monitoring. The construction of continuous operation observation network of GPS in China is very perfect. It is of great significance to explore the feasibility of monitoring land water change by using GPS network in China. The flow of fluid on the surface of the earth will lead to the redistribution of the surface material, and the elastic earth will produce a load deformation response. GPS can record the load deformation directly. In this paper, by processing the data of (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) GPS continuous observation stations in 47 countries in Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, taking vertical displacement as observation value and adding smoothing constraints, the best smoothing parameters are obtained by L curve. The time series of land water reserves change in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2015 is obtained by inversion. The results obtained from the inversion of GPS data show that the distribution of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows obvious regionalization characteristics: the annual variation of water reserves in the southwestern alpine region is higher than that in the eastern plain area, and it appears from west to east. The decline of low latitudes to high latitudes; On a time scale, the results show that the seasonal variation of water reserves in most areas of Yunnan Province reached its maximum in October (about the end of summer), and decreased to a minimum in April (the end of winter). According to the linear fitting of the time series from 2010 to 2015, the change of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows a slow increasing trend in recent years, with a speed of about 20mm / yr. In addition, combined with GRACE,GLDAS and rainfall data, the result shows that the time series of land water reserve change obtained by GPS inversion is consistent with that of GRACE and GLDAS data in time and space distribution, and GPS result is in good agreement with GRACE, data. The correlation coefficients of GLDAS results are 0.79 ~ 0.71, respectively, which proves that GPS data can be used as independent observations to invert land water reserves, and even has the advantages of: (1) relative spatial resolution of GRACE 300km, Dense GPS nets can improve the resolution of the results. (2) GPS data can be said to be near real-time, its data delay is only one day, and GRACE data delay is about one month, it can improve the real-time monitoring; (III) missing data from GRACE due to its operational maintenance needs (as of 12 months between 2010 and 2015), GPS can provide the corresponding scale factor and the information of variation trend needed by interpolation. (4) the land water reserves obtained by GPS inversion include groundwater and lake river water which are not in GLDAS. Because the inversion results greatly depend on the density of GPS network and the accuracy of GPS observations, the domestic GPS observation network is not perfect in various aspects. In addition, after deducting the load deformation, the GPS still has obvious systematic signal. The spectrum analysis shows that the residual signal has obvious error of GPS crossing term, which results in the result of GPS inversion is larger than that of GRACE. The application of GPS in monitoring terrestrial water still needs further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P228.4;P407
本文編號：2368545
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, space geodetic survey has the characteristics of diversity and high accuracy. (Global Positioning System (GPS) is applied in various fields by virtue of its high precision, real-time and all-weather characteristics. Foreign scholars use continuous GPS network vertical displacement observation data to retrieve the land water reserves in some parts of the United States. A large number of research results show that GPS is better than GRACE, in some aspects to provide a new technical means for land water change monitoring. The construction of continuous operation observation network of GPS in China is very perfect. It is of great significance to explore the feasibility of monitoring land water change by using GPS network in China. The flow of fluid on the surface of the earth will lead to the redistribution of the surface material, and the elastic earth will produce a load deformation response. GPS can record the load deformation directly. In this paper, by processing the data of (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) GPS continuous observation stations in 47 countries in Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, taking vertical displacement as observation value and adding smoothing constraints, the best smoothing parameters are obtained by L curve. The time series of land water reserves change in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2015 is obtained by inversion. The results obtained from the inversion of GPS data show that the distribution of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows obvious regionalization characteristics: the annual variation of water reserves in the southwestern alpine region is higher than that in the eastern plain area, and it appears from west to east. The decline of low latitudes to high latitudes; On a time scale, the results show that the seasonal variation of water reserves in most areas of Yunnan Province reached its maximum in October (about the end of summer), and decreased to a minimum in April (the end of winter). According to the linear fitting of the time series from 2010 to 2015, the change of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows a slow increasing trend in recent years, with a speed of about 20mm / yr. In addition, combined with GRACE,GLDAS and rainfall data, the result shows that the time series of land water reserve change obtained by GPS inversion is consistent with that of GRACE and GLDAS data in time and space distribution, and GPS result is in good agreement with GRACE, data. The correlation coefficients of GLDAS results are 0.79 ~ 0.71, respectively, which proves that GPS data can be used as independent observations to invert land water reserves, and even has the advantages of: (1) relative spatial resolution of GRACE 300km, Dense GPS nets can improve the resolution of the results. (2) GPS data can be said to be near real-time, its data delay is only one day, and GRACE data delay is about one month, it can improve the real-time monitoring; (III) missing data from GRACE due to its operational maintenance needs (as of 12 months between 2010 and 2015), GPS can provide the corresponding scale factor and the information of variation trend needed by interpolation. (4) the land water reserves obtained by GPS inversion include groundwater and lake river water which are not in GLDAS. Because the inversion results greatly depend on the density of GPS network and the accuracy of GPS observations, the domestic GPS observation network is not perfect in various aspects. In addition, after deducting the load deformation, the GPS still has obvious systematic signal. The spectrum analysis shows that the residual signal has obvious error of GPS crossing term, which results in the result of GPS inversion is larger than that of GRACE. The application of GPS in monitoring terrestrial water still needs further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P228.4;P407
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