地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的地形圖制圖表達(dá)技術(shù)研究及集成應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-14 19:50
【摘要】：地形圖是基礎(chǔ)地理信息最直觀的表達(dá)載體,廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防建設(shè)。各行各業(yè)的用戶除了需要現(xiàn)勢(shì)性好的多種地理信息數(shù)據(jù)外,同樣需要圖形化的制圖數(shù)據(jù)或紙質(zhì)地形圖。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),由于受到技術(shù)條件和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的限制,國(guó)家基本比例尺地形圖更新緩慢,1：5萬(wàn)、1：1萬(wàn)等比例尺地形圖大部分為上世紀(jì)70～90年代測(cè)繪或修測(cè),內(nèi)容十分陳舊。而用戶對(duì)地形圖現(xiàn)勢(shì)性的基本需求是一年、甚至幾個(gè)月,地形圖的現(xiàn)勢(shì)性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的應(yīng)用需要,亟待更新。 傳統(tǒng)的地形圖更新生產(chǎn)采用立體測(cè)圖修編或地圖編繪等方式,技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)多,人工作業(yè)量大,生產(chǎn)效率較低,地圖生產(chǎn)周期長(zhǎng)。隨著國(guó)家基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建設(shè)與更新逐步推進(jìn)和深入,國(guó)家1：100萬(wàn)、1：25萬(wàn)、1：5萬(wàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已建成并實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)更新,每年更新一次。全國(guó)絕大部分省建立了1：1萬(wàn)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),許多城市建立了1：500等大比例尺空間地理框架,各地根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)快速更新。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),現(xiàn)實(shí)性強(qiáng)、可靠性高、更新速度快的基礎(chǔ)地形數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為地形圖制作與更新提供了良好的數(shù)據(jù)前提,但由于地形圖更新生產(chǎn)技術(shù)問(wèn)題,地形圖更新速度及現(xiàn)勢(shì)性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)滯后于基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。因此,對(duì)地形圖制圖與更新的技術(shù)改造升級(jí)勢(shì)在必行。 本文研究了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的地形圖制圖機(jī)制,建立多源驅(qū)動(dòng)的要素智能符號(hào)化、屬性驅(qū)動(dòng)的智能化注記配置、元數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的智能化圖面整飾等系列規(guī)則,在理論層面對(duì)基于圖庫(kù)聯(lián)動(dòng)的地形圖制圖技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深度挖掘,設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了一套集友好制圖界面、組件式制圖符號(hào)系統(tǒng)、基礎(chǔ)地理信息生僻字庫(kù)、管理端模塊、生產(chǎn)端模塊、質(zhì)量控制模塊于一體的制圖生產(chǎn)與管理系統(tǒng),在國(guó)家1：5萬(wàn)地形圖制圖工程中實(shí)現(xiàn)與應(yīng)用。本文主要工作和創(chuàng)新性成果為： (1)研究了基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)地形圖制圖的數(shù)據(jù)模型和表達(dá)機(jī)制,發(fā)展建立了1：5萬(wàn)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)與制圖數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一體化空間數(shù)據(jù)模型。通過(guò)對(duì)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行物理擴(kuò)展、邏輯重組、關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,按照國(guó)家基本地形圖圖式規(guī)范要求,在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)屬性項(xiàng)中增加制圖表達(dá)信息和規(guī)則,實(shí)現(xiàn)將地理要素對(duì)象的幾何位置、屬性、拓?fù)潢P(guān)系及制圖表達(dá)一體化融合建模。 (2)研究創(chuàng)建了1：5萬(wàn)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)制圖的系列規(guī)則,包括多源驅(qū)動(dòng)的符號(hào)配置、注記配置、地圖整飾配置、制圖沖突檢測(cè)與優(yōu)化配置、質(zhì)量檢查等規(guī)則。利用這些規(guī)則,可以大幅提高利用基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)更新或生產(chǎn)地形圖的自動(dòng)化程度。 (3)實(shí)現(xiàn)了將經(jīng)過(guò)編輯處理后的制圖數(shù)據(jù)入庫(kù)到基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,并與相應(yīng)的地理要素的關(guān)系進(jìn)行重構(gòu),從而建立制圖數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),建成后的制圖數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)不僅包含了地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的全部?jī)?nèi)容,還具有重定義的制圖表達(dá)規(guī)則,從根本上實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩庫(kù)的集成管理。 (4)對(duì)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)與地形圖聯(lián)動(dòng)更新技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究探討。基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的地形圖制圖技術(shù),使地理要素與制圖表達(dá)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)要素級(jí)、符號(hào)級(jí)和注記級(jí)的緊密關(guān)聯(lián),利用地形數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的更新增量信息,通過(guò)制圖數(shù)據(jù)的增量自動(dòng)識(shí)別、制圖表達(dá)自動(dòng)匹配,輔以自動(dòng)化工具和少量人工干預(yù),實(shí)現(xiàn)制圖數(shù)據(jù)的同步快速更新。 (5)針對(duì)國(guó)家1：5萬(wàn)地形圖制圖工程的需要,設(shè)計(jì)了國(guó)家1：5萬(wàn)地形圖制圖生產(chǎn)與管理系統(tǒng),并在工程中實(shí)現(xiàn)和全面應(yīng)用。在一體化建庫(kù)大環(huán)境下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了地圖注記的智能化配置、地圖符號(hào)的優(yōu)化處理、地圖要素的人機(jī)交互編輯、地圖整飾的自處理、地圖要素沖突的自檢測(cè)、數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的自檢查等,解決了利用國(guó)家1：5萬(wàn)基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)快速更新生產(chǎn)地形圖的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Topographic map is the most direct expression vector of basic geographic information, which is widely used in national economy and national defense construction. In addition to a variety of geographic information data, users of all walks of life also need to have a graphic data or a paper topographic map. For a long time, due to the limitation of the technical conditions and the economic development level, the national basic scale topographic map is updated slowly, and the scale topographic map of 1: 50000 and 1: 10,000 is most of the mapping or repair survey in the 1970s to 1990s, and the content is very old. And the basic requirement of the user to the present situation of the topographic map is one year, and even a few months, the current situation of the topographic map is far from meeting the needs of the application of the economic and social development, and needs to be updated urgently. The traditional topographic map updating production adopts a three-dimensional map modification or map compilation method, so that the technical link is large, the manual operation amount is large, the production efficiency is low, and the map production week The period is long. With the construction and updating of the country's basic geographic database, the national 1: 1 million, 1: 250,000, 1: 50000 database has been completed and the dynamic update is realized, and it is updated every year once a year, the vast majority of the provinces of the country have set up a basic geographic database of 1: 1 million, and many cities have set up a large-scale spatial geographic framework, such as 1: 500, all over the country, according to the actual situation, the rapid implementation of the rapid There is no doubt that the basic terrain database with strong reality, high reliability and high update speed provides good data for the production and updating of the topographic map. However, due to the technical problems of the updating of the topographic map, the updating speed and the current potential of the topographic map are far behind the basic number. according to the library, the technical transformation and upgrading potential of the topographic map drawing and the updating is The paper studies the mapping mechanism of the topographic map driven by the database, establishes the intelligent symbol of the elements of the multi-source driving, the intelligent note-recording configuration of the attribute-driven, the intelligent drawing finishing of the metadata driving, According to the series of rules, the depth mining is carried out on the map drawing technology based on the library linkage at the theoretical level, a set of set-friendly drawing interface, a component-type drawing symbol system, a basic geographic information remote word base and a management end module are designed and developed, the production end module and the quality control module are integrated in a drawing production and management system, Realization and application. The main work and creation of this paper The new achievement is as follows: (1) The data model and the expression mechanism of the mapping of the basic geographic database driven topographic map are studied, and the development of the 1: 50000 basic geographic database and the mapping database is established. according to the requirements of the national basic topographic map schema specification, the mapping expression information and the rule are added in the database attribute items, so that the geographic element object is realized, Geometric locations, attributes, topological relationships, and chart diagrams Integrated fusion modeling. (2) The study has created a series of rules for the development of a 1: 50000 basic geographic database-driven mapping, including multi-source-driven symbol configuration, note-note configuration, map finishing configuration, mapping collision detection and optimization Rules such as configuration, quality check, etc. Use these rules to significantly increase the use of a base geodatabase update or and (3) the cartographic data after the editing processing is stored in the basic geographic database, and the relationship with the corresponding geographic elements is reconstructed, so that a drawing database is established, and the built drawing database does not only the entire content of the geographic database is included, and a redefined mapping expression rule is also provided, the integration management of the two banks is fundamentally realized; and (4) the basic geographic data The paper discusses the linkage and updating technology of the database and the topographic map. The mapping technology of the topographic map driven by the basic geographic database makes the close association of the element level, the symbol level and the note level between the geographical elements and the mapping expression, and uses the updated incremental information of the terrain database to make the mapping number. Automatic identification of the incremental, automatic mapping of the drawing expression, with automation tools and a small number of people "(5) The national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing is designed for the need of the national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing project." the production and management system is realized and fully applied in the engineering, and the intelligent configuration of the map note, the optimization processing of the map symbol, the man-machine interaction editing of the map elements and the self-processing of the whole map are realized under the large environment of the integrated building base, Self-detection of map element conflict, self-inspection of data quality, etc., solving the problem of using the country 1: 5
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P208;P284
本文編號(hào)：2332128
[Abstract]:Topographic map is the most direct expression vector of basic geographic information, which is widely used in national economy and national defense construction. In addition to a variety of geographic information data, users of all walks of life also need to have a graphic data or a paper topographic map. For a long time, due to the limitation of the technical conditions and the economic development level, the national basic scale topographic map is updated slowly, and the scale topographic map of 1: 50000 and 1: 10,000 is most of the mapping or repair survey in the 1970s to 1990s, and the content is very old. And the basic requirement of the user to the present situation of the topographic map is one year, and even a few months, the current situation of the topographic map is far from meeting the needs of the application of the economic and social development, and needs to be updated urgently. The traditional topographic map updating production adopts a three-dimensional map modification or map compilation method, so that the technical link is large, the manual operation amount is large, the production efficiency is low, and the map production week The period is long. With the construction and updating of the country's basic geographic database, the national 1: 1 million, 1: 250,000, 1: 50000 database has been completed and the dynamic update is realized, and it is updated every year once a year, the vast majority of the provinces of the country have set up a basic geographic database of 1: 1 million, and many cities have set up a large-scale spatial geographic framework, such as 1: 500, all over the country, according to the actual situation, the rapid implementation of the rapid There is no doubt that the basic terrain database with strong reality, high reliability and high update speed provides good data for the production and updating of the topographic map. However, due to the technical problems of the updating of the topographic map, the updating speed and the current potential of the topographic map are far behind the basic number. according to the library, the technical transformation and upgrading potential of the topographic map drawing and the updating is The paper studies the mapping mechanism of the topographic map driven by the database, establishes the intelligent symbol of the elements of the multi-source driving, the intelligent note-recording configuration of the attribute-driven, the intelligent drawing finishing of the metadata driving, According to the series of rules, the depth mining is carried out on the map drawing technology based on the library linkage at the theoretical level, a set of set-friendly drawing interface, a component-type drawing symbol system, a basic geographic information remote word base and a management end module are designed and developed, the production end module and the quality control module are integrated in a drawing production and management system, Realization and application. The main work and creation of this paper The new achievement is as follows: (1) The data model and the expression mechanism of the mapping of the basic geographic database driven topographic map are studied, and the development of the 1: 50000 basic geographic database and the mapping database is established. according to the requirements of the national basic topographic map schema specification, the mapping expression information and the rule are added in the database attribute items, so that the geographic element object is realized, Geometric locations, attributes, topological relationships, and chart diagrams Integrated fusion modeling. (2) The study has created a series of rules for the development of a 1: 50000 basic geographic database-driven mapping, including multi-source-driven symbol configuration, note-note configuration, map finishing configuration, mapping collision detection and optimization Rules such as configuration, quality check, etc. Use these rules to significantly increase the use of a base geodatabase update or and (3) the cartographic data after the editing processing is stored in the basic geographic database, and the relationship with the corresponding geographic elements is reconstructed, so that a drawing database is established, and the built drawing database does not only the entire content of the geographic database is included, and a redefined mapping expression rule is also provided, the integration management of the two banks is fundamentally realized; and (4) the basic geographic data The paper discusses the linkage and updating technology of the database and the topographic map. The mapping technology of the topographic map driven by the basic geographic database makes the close association of the element level, the symbol level and the note level between the geographical elements and the mapping expression, and uses the updated incremental information of the terrain database to make the mapping number. Automatic identification of the incremental, automatic mapping of the drawing expression, with automation tools and a small number of people "(5) The national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing is designed for the need of the national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing project." the production and management system is realized and fully applied in the engineering, and the intelligent configuration of the map note, the optimization processing of the map symbol, the man-machine interaction editing of the map elements and the self-processing of the whole map are realized under the large environment of the integrated building base, Self-detection of map element conflict, self-inspection of data quality, etc., solving the problem of using the country 1: 5
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P208;P284
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 郭新成;拓?fù)涞貓D模型與圖庫(kù)一體化研究[D];長(zhǎng)安大學(xué);2011年
，本文編號(hào)：2332128
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