【摘要】：海島礁是海洋開(kāi)發(fā)的重要基地和走向外海和大洋的“島橋”。精確的海島礁基礎(chǔ)地理空間信息是海島海洋管理、經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)、海防安全的重要依據(jù)。由于歷史原因及技術(shù)限制,我國(guó)海島礁精確基礎(chǔ)地理信息仍是空白。遠(yuǎn)海島礁測(cè)繪與地理環(huán)境變化監(jiān)測(cè)是一項(xiàng)利國(guó)利民的大事,是捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的重要手段。機(jī)動(dòng)靈活、成本較低的低空輕小型無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)行影像獲取能夠高效獲取影像,在遠(yuǎn)海島礁測(cè)繪中優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯。POS系統(tǒng)明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)和誘人的前景引起了國(guó)內(nèi)外不少公司、科研院所和學(xué)者的關(guān)注,針對(duì)POS系統(tǒng)開(kāi)展了一系列的研究和試驗(yàn),取得了良好的效果。但是基于輕小型無(wú)人機(jī)與小型POS集成相關(guān)技術(shù)研究和試驗(yàn)仍然是空白,急需進(jìn)行相關(guān)的技術(shù)研究和試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證工作,使小型POS系統(tǒng)在低空遙感領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作用,為我國(guó)遠(yuǎn)海島礁測(cè)繪提供可靠的測(cè)繪技術(shù)保障。針對(duì)我國(guó)海島礁精確基礎(chǔ)地理信息空白的現(xiàn)狀,開(kāi)展了基于輕小型無(wú)人機(jī)MEMS POS輔助航空攝影測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的集成、安裝、測(cè)試及南海某島礁1：2000高精度測(cè)圖精度驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明使用輕小型無(wú)人機(jī)MEMS POS輔助航空攝影測(cè)量系統(tǒng)無(wú)控制時(shí)暫時(shí)難以達(dá)到高精度測(cè)圖的精度要求,但是加入少量控制點(diǎn)時(shí)可以明顯的提高測(cè)圖精度。在此基礎(chǔ)上給出基于輕小型無(wú)人機(jī)MEMS POS輔助航空攝影測(cè)量技術(shù)在遠(yuǎn)海島礁高精度測(cè)圖中的合理性建議。
[Abstract]:The sea island reef is the important base of the ocean development and the "island bridge" to the outer sea and the ocean. Accurate basic geospatial information of islands and reefs is an important basis for ocean management, economic development and coastal defense safety. Due to historical reasons and technical constraints, the accurate basic geographic information of the islands and reefs in China is still blank. Mapping of islands and reefs and monitoring of geographical environment change in the far sea is an important matter for the benefit of the country and the people, and an important means to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The low altitude light and small UAV, which is flexible and low cost, can obtain images efficiently and has obvious advantages in the mapping of distant islands and reefs. The obvious advantages and attractive prospects of POS system have caused many companies at home and abroad. The research institutes and scholars have carried out a series of research and experiments on POS system, and achieved good results. However, the research and test of the technology based on the integration of small and light UAV and small POS is still blank. It is urgent to carry out relevant technical research and experimental verification work, so that the small POS system can play its due role in the field of low altitude remote sensing. It provides reliable technical guarantee for the mapping of distant islands and reefs in our country. In view of the present situation of accurate basic geographic information blank in China, the integration, installation, test and verification experiment of 1: 2000 high precision mapping accuracy of a certain island reef in the South China Sea based on MEMS POS aided aerial photogrammetry system for light and small UAV are carried out. The results show that it is difficult to meet the precision requirement of high precision mapping when the MEMS POS aided aerial photogrammetry system of light and small UAV is not controlled, but the precision of mapping can be obviously improved by adding a small number of control points. On the basis of this, the reasonable suggestion of MEMS POS aided aerial photogrammetry based on light and small UAV in high precision mapping of distant islands and reefs is given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P229;P23

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