【摘要】：圖像模擬,是在分析和理解傳感器成像過(guò)程的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)模型來(lái)模擬圖像獲取的過(guò)程,從而生成模擬的遙感圖像。圖像模擬理論現(xiàn)已被應(yīng)用于多個(gè)遙感領(lǐng)域,其中較為重要的用途之一是為傳感器的研制及在軌測(cè)試提供重要的參考依據(jù),從而保證傳感器設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行的可靠性。隨著圖像模擬技術(shù)的發(fā)展,在可見光或者熱紅外等窄譜段范圍內(nèi),該技術(shù)得以較快發(fā)展,取得了較多的研究成果。但對(duì)于全譜段而言,由于其范圍較大,且機(jī)理復(fù)雜,因此模擬難度較大,其圖像模擬的研究工作也相對(duì)缺乏。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文開展基于全譜段的地表場(chǎng)景模擬研究。本文主要針對(duì)高分四號(hào)(GF-4)衛(wèi)星的在軌測(cè)試以及高分五號(hào)(GF-5)衛(wèi)星的研制階段等問(wèn)題,利用鄰近通道之間的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行圖像模擬,從而為GF-4的在軌測(cè)試及GF-5的研制提供較為可靠的參考依據(jù)。GF-4衛(wèi)星于2015年12月29 日在我國(guó)西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射,是中國(guó)第一顆地球同步軌道的遙感衛(wèi)星。為了保證GF-4衛(wèi)星在軌運(yùn)行的正常,本文基于HJ星的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)GF-4衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行在軌期間的可見近紅外通道地表場(chǎng)景的模擬工作。高分五號(hào)(GF-5)衛(wèi)星按照計(jì)劃將于2017年發(fā)射,該衛(wèi)星配備高光譜相機(jī)、多部大氣環(huán)境和成分探測(cè)的設(shè)備。因此,本文基于Aster的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)GF-5衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行全譜段地表場(chǎng)景的模擬工作,從而為發(fā)射前的研制階段提供重要依據(jù)。本文所研究的波段范圍為全譜段,包括可見近紅外波段、短波紅外波段、中紅外波段及熱紅外波段,在對(duì)現(xiàn)有的地表場(chǎng)景模擬算法研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出一種基于鄰近通道光譜相關(guān)性的地表場(chǎng)景模擬方法。該方法首先考慮數(shù)據(jù)源通道和待模擬通道間光譜的相關(guān)性,在地物光譜信息的基礎(chǔ)上,利用傳感器的光譜響應(yīng)函數(shù)對(duì)光譜信息進(jìn)行重采樣,并采用偏最小二乘線性回歸的方法,構(gòu)建了數(shù)據(jù)源通道與待模擬通道之間的轉(zhuǎn)換模型。隨后使用十折交叉的方法對(duì)所構(gòu)建的模型方程進(jìn)行誤差檢驗(yàn),將誤差最小的模型方程作為最終的通道間的轉(zhuǎn)換模型。將模型應(yīng)用于數(shù)據(jù)源通道的圖像,模擬得到待模擬通道的圖像。利用本文所提出的方法,分別對(duì)GF-4和GF-5進(jìn)行地表場(chǎng)景模擬的實(shí)驗(yàn),分別模擬得到相應(yīng)通道的圖像。并運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)相似度方法對(duì)模擬圖像和真實(shí)圖像間的相似程度進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了精度分析,以驗(yàn)證算法的有效性,結(jié)果表明,對(duì)GF-4衛(wèi)星可見近紅外通道的模擬,其平均相對(duì)誤差小于5%,相似度在69%～85%之間;對(duì)GF-5衛(wèi)星全譜段通道的模擬,其平均相對(duì)誤差小于10%。
[Abstract]:Image simulation is based on the analysis and understanding of sensor imaging process, through the mathematical model to simulate the process of image acquisition, so as to generate simulated remote sensing images. Image simulation theory has been applied to many remote sensing fields. One of the more important uses is to provide important reference for the development of sensors and the on-orbit test, so as to ensure the reliability of sensor design and operation. With the development of image simulation technology, in the narrow spectrum such as visible light or thermal infrared, the technology has been developed rapidly, and more research results have been obtained. However, for the whole spectrum, because of its large range and complex mechanism, it is difficult to simulate, and the research work of image simulation is relatively lacking. In order to solve the above problems, the surface scene simulation based on full spectrum is carried out in this paper. In this paper, the correlation between adjacent channels is used to simulate the image of GF-4 satellite in orbit test and the development stage of GF-5 satellite. Thus, the GF-4 satellite was successfully launched at Xichang Satellite launch Center on December 29, 2015. It is the first remote sensing satellite in geosynchronous orbit of China. In order to ensure the normal operation of the GF-4 satellite in orbit, this paper simulates the surface scene of the visible near infrared channel during the orbit of the GF-4 satellite based on the data of the HJ satellite. The GF-5 satellite, which is scheduled to launch in 2017, is equipped with a hyperspectral camera and multiple atmospheric environment and component detection equipment. Therefore, based on the data of Aster, this paper simulates the surface scene of the whole spectrum of GF-5 satellite, which provides an important basis for the research and development of the satellite before launch. The band range studied in this paper is full spectrum, including visible near infrared band, short wave infrared band, middle infrared band and thermal infrared band. In this paper, a surface scene simulation method based on spectral correlation of adjacent channels is proposed. Firstly, the spectral correlation between the data source channel and the channel to be simulated is considered. Based on the spectral information of the ground object, the spectral response function of the sensor is used to resample the spectral information, and the partial least square linear regression method is used. The conversion model between the data source channel and the channel to be simulated is constructed. Then the error test of the constructed model equation is carried out by using the method of ten fold crossing, and the model equation with the minimum error is regarded as the final transition model between channels. The model is applied to the image of the data source channel, and the image of the channel to be simulated is simulated. Using the method proposed in this paper, the surface scene simulation experiments are carried out on GF-4 and GF-5, respectively, and the corresponding channel images are obtained respectively. The structural similarity method is used to compare the similarity between the simulated images and the real images, and the accuracy of the simulation results is analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results show that the simulation of the visible and near infrared channels of the GF-4 satellite is carried out. The average relative error is less than 5 and the similarity is between 69% and 85%, and the average relative error is less than 10% for the whole spectrum channel of GF-5 satellite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P237

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