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基于GIS的?谑薪ㄔO(shè)用地生態(tài)適宜性評價

發(fā)布時間:2018-09-14 15:50
【摘要】:選取海口市作為研究區(qū),在分析?谑械赜蛱攸c的基礎(chǔ)上制定研究區(qū)指標體系;在RS等軟件支持下,對?谑杏1991年、2001年和2010年SPOT影像進行了解譯,提取河流、林地、耕地、建成區(qū)等有代表性的多因子圖層;在Arc GIS9.3的支持下,通過1∶10000地形圖建立數(shù)字高程模型,將人口、經(jīng)濟等社會經(jīng)濟因子數(shù)據(jù)及坡度、高程、植被、水域等自然因子數(shù)據(jù)建立空間數(shù)據(jù)庫,運用層次分析法確定權(quán)重,然后對各因子進行加權(quán)疊加分析,對研究區(qū)建設(shè)用地的生態(tài)適宜性進行綜合評價研究。結(jié)合評價結(jié)果對不同等級的用地類型進行分類,為研究區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護和城鎮(zhèn)用地拓展提供參考,同時為國際旅游島建設(shè)中的土地政策提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 主要結(jié)果表明: 研究區(qū)域建設(shè)用地生態(tài)適宜性整體上較低,總的分布規(guī)律為北高南低,,具體表現(xiàn)為: 1、“最適宜”區(qū)域面積為16047.0247hm2,約占總面積7.03%;其分布區(qū)域主要集中在研究區(qū)北部,此外,在東北部沿海附近有很小的面積分布,其分布與建成區(qū)建設(shè)用地的分布幾乎是一致的。 2、“適宜”區(qū)域面積為16038.8905hm2,約占總面積7.03%;其分布區(qū)域主要為建成區(qū)周圍或者主要交通干線緩沖區(qū)范圍內(nèi)。 3、“基本適宜”等級用地占研究區(qū)的19.77%,可以劃作適建區(qū),分布比較分散,主要是城鎮(zhèn)附近、主要交通干線緩沖區(qū)范圍內(nèi)、5等以下耕地、人工草地及人口密度較大的區(qū)域; 4、“很不適宜”等級和“不適宜”等級用地占研究區(qū)的44.64%,可劃作限建區(qū),分布比較分散,且分布范圍很廣,大部分是海拔高度相對較低、坡度較平緩的耕地、郁閉度一般的林地及園地等; 5、“不可用地”面積占研究區(qū)的21.54%,可劃為禁建區(qū),主要分布在西南部、中部和東北部,大部分是紅樹林、郁閉度較高的林地、主要交通干線、水域、3等以上的耕地和風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)及特殊用地;
[Abstract]:Haikou City is selected as the research area, based on the analysis of the regional characteristics of Haikou City, the index system of the study area is established. With the support of RS and other software, the SPOT images of Haikou City in 1991, 2001 and 2010 are interpreted, and the rivers, woodland and cultivated land are extracted. With the support of Arc GIS9.3, the digital elevation model is established by using 1: 10000 topographic map to make population, economic and other social and economic factors data and slope, elevation, vegetation, etc. The spatial database was established by using the data of natural factors such as water area, and the weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, the ecological suitability of the construction land in the study area was comprehensively evaluated by the weighted superposition analysis of each factor. According to the evaluation results, different types of land use are classified, which provides a reference for the ecological environment protection and urban land development in the study area, and provides scientific basis for the land policy in the construction of international tourism island. The main results are as follows: the ecological suitability of construction land in the study area is relatively low as a whole, and the overall distribution law is north high and south low, the concrete manifestation is: 1, the "most suitable" area is 16047.0247hm2, which accounts for 7.03g / kg of total area; Its distribution is mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area. In addition, there is a very small area distribution near the northeast coast. Its distribution is almost consistent with the distribution of construction land in the built-up area. 2. The area of "suitable" area is 16038.8905hm2, accounting for about 7.03g / h of the total area. The distribution area is mainly around the built area or within the buffer zone of the main traffic trunk line. 3. "basically suitable" grade land accounts for 19.77 points in the study area. It can be designated as a suitable area for construction, and its distribution is relatively scattered, mainly near the town. Within the buffer zone of the main traffic trunk area, cultivated land below 5, artificial grassland and areas with a high population density; 4, "very unsuitable" grade and "inappropriate" grade land account for 44.64% of the study area, which can be designated as restricted construction area, Most of them are cultivated land with relatively low altitude and gentle slope, woodland and gardens with general canopy density, etc. 5, the area of "unusable land" accounts for 21.54% of the study area and can be designated as a no-building area. It is mainly distributed in the southwest, central and northeast, mostly mangrove forest, forest land with high canopy density, the main traffic trunk, water area, such as more than 3 cultivated land, scenic spots and special land;
【學(xué)位授予單位】:海南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:P208;X826

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