【摘要】：隨著地理科學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的不斷發(fā)展,地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也在不斷擴(kuò)展。空間數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)是GIS系統(tǒng)的組織基礎(chǔ),空間數(shù)據(jù)的存取效率在很大程度上影響著GIS系統(tǒng)的性能。目前GIS系統(tǒng)對(duì)空間數(shù)據(jù)的組織大多基于兩種形式：一種是借助于空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎將空間數(shù)據(jù)存入關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,一種是將空間數(shù)據(jù)存入特定格式的文件中,利用文件系統(tǒng)對(duì)空間數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行管理。但這兩種存儲(chǔ)方案都存在一定的不足：空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎將數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在應(yīng)對(duì)海量空間數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)存取性能不足,而且存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)不夠靈活；文件格式的空間數(shù)據(jù)操作較繁瑣,空間數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在文件中也導(dǎo)致無(wú)法對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一的管理。 針對(duì)上述兩種存儲(chǔ)方案的不足,本文引入了Hypertable數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)存儲(chǔ)空間數(shù)據(jù)。Hypertable是基于Bigtable設(shè)計(jì),以C++語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)的非關(guān)系型分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),支持key-value數(shù)據(jù)模型。本文對(duì)基于Hypertable的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì),將其應(yīng)用到實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中,基于實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)其性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,并與前述兩種存儲(chǔ)方案的性能進(jìn)行了比較。本文的主要工作如下： 1)常見(jiàn)空間數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方案的研究及性能測(cè)試。研究了Oracle Spatial空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎和NetCDF文件存儲(chǔ)格式,并在項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)對(duì)兩種存儲(chǔ)方案進(jìn)行了性能測(cè)試。 2)基于Hypertable空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì)。深入研究Hypertable數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)適合存儲(chǔ)空間數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)以及在Hypertable上建立空間索引的方法。 3)設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)海浪氣象信息動(dòng)態(tài)展示系統(tǒng)。對(duì)海浪動(dòng)態(tài)展示系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),并且在該系統(tǒng)中加入了基于浪高級(jí)別的航線安全評(píng)估模塊。
[Abstract]:With the development of geography science and computer science, the application field of (GIS) is also expanding. Spatial data storage is the organizational basis of GIS system. The efficiency of spatial data access greatly affects the performance of GIS system. At present, the organization of spatial data in GIS system is mostly based on two forms: one is to store spatial data in relational database by means of spatial database engine, the other is to store spatial data in files in a specific format. The file system is used to manage the spatial data. But these two storage schemes have some shortcomings: the spatial database engine stores the data in the relational database, the relational database has insufficient access performance when dealing with the massive spatial data, and the storage structure is not flexible enough; The operation of spatial data in file format is more complicated, and the storage of spatial data in the file also leads to the difficulty of unified management of these data. In view of the shortcomings of the above two storage schemes, this paper introduces Hypertable database to store spatial data. Hypertable is a non-relational distributed database based on Bigtable, which is implemented in C language and supports the key-value data model. In this paper, the spatial database based on Hypertable is designed in detail, and applied to the actual project. The performance of the spatial database is evaluated based on the experimental results, and compared with the performance of the two storage schemes mentioned above. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) Research and performance test of common spatial data storage scheme. This paper studies the Oracle Spatial spatial database engine and NetCDF file storage format, and tests the performance of the two storage schemes when the project is implemented. 2) Design based on Hypertable spatial database. The characteristics of Hypertable database suitable for storing spatial data and the method of establishing spatial index on Hypertable are studied. 3) the dynamic display system of wave weather information is designed and implemented. The dynamic wave display system is designed and implemented in detail, and the route safety evaluation module based on wave level is added to the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208

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