【摘要】：電離層作為地球空間環(huán)境的重要組成部分，對無線電導(dǎo)航信號的正常傳播造成干擾，尤其是對單頻導(dǎo)航用戶影響較大，已成為全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)（GNSS）中最為棘手的誤差源之一。基于地基GNSS觀測數(shù)據(jù)可以建立全球電離層延遲模型從而實現(xiàn)有效修正電離層延遲誤差的目的。此外，電離層建模方法還能夠較為精確地獲取衛(wèi)星及接收機(jī)的硬件延遲參數(shù)（DCB-Difference Code Bias），從而為精密定位提供服務(wù)。目前國際上大多采用GPS觀測資料進(jìn)行電離層建模且集中在事后處理方面，實時電離層產(chǎn)品方面的研究甚少。我國的北斗二代導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)自2012年7月正式提供服務(wù)以來，已完成了區(qū)域?qū)Ш蕉ㄎ环⻊?wù)的布施�？紤]到不同導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)間的兼容互操作性，非常有必要研究北斗系統(tǒng)的電離層修正產(chǎn)品，從而為北斗高精度導(dǎo)航定位服務(wù)提供技術(shù)支撐�；谏鲜龀霭l(fā)點，本文開展了基于地基GNSS觀測數(shù)據(jù)建立全球電離層延遲模型的研究，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，基于球冠諧函數(shù)研究實現(xiàn)了中國區(qū)域電離層延遲實時產(chǎn)品修正。另外，考慮到目前北斗測站較少無法單獨建模的現(xiàn)狀，提出采用聯(lián)合GPS/BDS地基數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行全球電離層建模，以精確的北斗衛(wèi)星DCB參數(shù)產(chǎn)品。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容和取得的成果可歸納如下： 1.研究總結(jié)了基于地基GPS觀測數(shù)據(jù)利用球諧函數(shù)進(jìn)行全球電離層延遲建模的原理、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法和參數(shù)估計策略； 2.研究實現(xiàn)了利用GPS地基觀測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行全球電離層TEC格網(wǎng)模型建立，并進(jìn)行了衛(wèi)星和接收機(jī)硬件延遲偏差的精確估計；通過實驗分析，，采用本文所獲得的電離層和DCB產(chǎn)品與國際IGS發(fā)布的產(chǎn)品精度相當(dāng)； 3.研究實現(xiàn)了基于GPS/BDS雙系統(tǒng)觀測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行全球電離層聯(lián)合建模的方法，并精確估計了我國北斗二代衛(wèi)星和接收機(jī)的DCB參數(shù)；并在北斗單頻單點定位中加入本文所獲得的北斗DCB產(chǎn)品對定位精度分析驗證了所獲北斗電離層和DCB產(chǎn)品的精度和有效性； 4.借助于球冠諧函數(shù)及我國的陸態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)建立了我國區(qū)域電離層模型，并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究實現(xiàn)電離層延遲的實時修正方法，分析了實時電離層產(chǎn)品的精度和可靠性；
[Abstract]:As an important part of the geospatial environment, the ionosphere interferes with the normal propagation of radio navigation signals, especially for single-frequency navigation users. It has become one of the most intractable error sources in the global satellite navigation system (GNSS). The global ionospheric delay model can be established based on ground-based GNSS data to effectively correct the ionospheric delay error. In addition, the ionospheric modeling method can obtain the hardware delay parameters (DCB-Difference Code Bias),) of satellite and receiver accurately. At present, the ionospheric modeling based on GPS observation data is mostly used in the world, and the research on real-time ionospheric products is rare. Since the second generation navigation system of Beidou in our country officially provided service in July 2012, it has completed the regional navigation and positioning service. Considering the compatibility and interoperability among different navigation systems, it is necessary to study the ionospheric correction products of Beidou system, so as to provide technical support for Beidou high-precision navigation and positioning service. Based on the above, a global ionospheric delay model based on ground-based GNSS observation data is developed, and the real time product correction of ionospheric delay in China is realized based on the spherical crown harmonic function. In addition, considering the fact that the Beidou station can not be modeled separately at present, a global ionospheric model based on joint GPS/BDS ground data is proposed to produce precise Beidou satellite DCB parameters. The main contents and achievements of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1. The principle, data processing method and parameter estimation strategy of global ionospheric delay modeling based on ground-based GPS observation data using spherical harmonic function are summarized. 2. In this paper, the global ionospheric TEC grid model based on GPS ground-based observation data is established, and the precise estimation of the delay deviation between satellite and receiver hardware is carried out. The ionospheric and DCB products obtained in this paper have the same accuracy as those released by the international IGS. The method of global ionospheric modeling based on GPS/BDS double system observation data is studied and the DCB parameters of the second generation satellite and receiver of Beidou in China are estimated accurately. The accuracy of Beidou ionospheric and DCB products is verified by adding the Beidou DCB product to the Beidou single frequency and single point positioning. 4. Based on the spherical crown harmonic function and the land state network data in China, the regional ionospheric model of China is established. Based on this, the real-time correction method of ionospheric delay is studied, and the accuracy and reliability of real-time ionospheric products are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P228.4

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