【摘要】：隨著能源問題與環(huán)境問題的逐漸顯現,電動汽車因為污染小的優(yōu)點成為各國研究熱點,為了保證電動汽車的可靠運行,需要對電動汽車運行進行監(jiān)控,所以電動汽車監(jiān)控很有必要。電動汽車監(jiān)控主要分為電池監(jiān)控與GPS監(jiān)控,本文開發(fā)的GIS系統(tǒng)是對GPS數據的監(jiān)控。 對GIS系統(tǒng)的總體功能與子系統(tǒng)進行設計,在設計階段采用物理結構圖對系統(tǒng)物理結構進行分析,并在此基礎上對系統(tǒng)功能模塊進行劃分,之后通過活動圖、數據流圖等分析方法確定各個子系統(tǒng)的設計方案,并確定各個子系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)技術,在此基礎上,對系統(tǒng)進行開發(fā)實現。 在對系統(tǒng)數據分析過程中,發(fā)現GPS數據有數據缺失的情況,因此文中對缺失數據插補進行研究。首先將缺失數據進行分類,分為單個點缺失與連續(xù)點缺失,在此基礎上針對兩種類型提出不同的插補方法,單點缺失中重點研究了組均值插補,連續(xù)點缺失重點研究多點三次樣條插值方法,得出插補結果后通過均方差比較各種方法的插值效果。均方差定量分析表明,上述方法可以較好的達到數據插補的需要。 在系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中會出現GPS位置點發(fā)生偏移的情況,針對這種情況,文中研究了地圖匹配方法,引入道路匹配權值的概念,將相似性系數、靠近性系數、交叉點相似性系數作為匹配權值的計算依據。在此基礎上,研究車輛從啟動到運行過程中的地圖匹配方法,最終將匹配方法在系統(tǒng)中模擬實驗,實驗表明文中提出的地圖匹配方法可以準確判斷不同路段情況下的道路匹配。
[Abstract]:With the gradual emergence of energy and environmental problems, electric vehicles, because of the advantages of small pollution, have become the focus of research all over the world. In order to ensure the reliable operation of electric vehicles, it is necessary to monitor the operation of electric vehicles. So electric vehicle monitoring is necessary. Electric vehicle monitoring is mainly divided into battery monitoring and GPS monitoring. The GIS system developed in this paper is the monitoring of GPS data. The overall function and subsystem of GIS system are designed, the physical structure of the system is analyzed by physical structure diagram in the design stage, and then the functional modules of the system are divided, and then the activity diagram is adopted. Data flow diagram and other analysis methods determine the design scheme of each subsystem, and determine the development technology of each subsystem. On this basis, the system is developed and implemented. In the process of analyzing the system data, the missing data is found in the GPS data, so the missing data interpolation is studied in this paper. Firstly, the missing data are classified into single point deletion and continuous point deletion. On this basis, different interpolation methods are proposed for the two types. In the single point deletion, the group mean interpolation is mainly studied. The multi-point cubic spline interpolation method is studied in the absence of continuous points. The interpolation results are obtained and the interpolation results are compared by the mean square error (RMS). The quantitative analysis of mean square error shows that the above method can meet the need of data interpolation. In this paper, the map matching method is studied, the concept of road matching weight value is introduced, the similarity coefficient, the proximity coefficient, the similarity coefficient and the similarity coefficient are introduced. The similarity coefficient of intersection points is used as the basis for the calculation of matching weights. On this basis, the paper studies the map matching method in the process of vehicle starting to running, and finally simulates the matching method in the system. The experiment shows that the map matching method proposed in this paper can accurately judge the road matching in different road sections.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U469.72;P208

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本文編號：2180416