基于轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距數(shù)據(jù)的GEO導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星定軌方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-20 21:48
【摘要】：GEO衛(wèi)星覆蓋性能好，在WAAS、IRNSS、QZSS、EGNOS、BDS、CAPS等區(qū)域增強(qiáng)和區(qū)域?qū)Ш较到y(tǒng)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。GEO衛(wèi)星精密定軌及預(yù)報(bào)對(duì)高精度的導(dǎo)航和精密實(shí)時(shí)定位用戶來說具有至關(guān)重要的作用。因此開展GEO衛(wèi)星精密測定軌理論與方法研究對(duì)衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)、區(qū)域增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)具有積極的推動(dòng)作用。 GEO衛(wèi)星與地面相對(duì)靜止，，站星之間幾何關(guān)系變化小，鐘差及測站偏差等系統(tǒng)誤差難以分離；系統(tǒng)跟蹤站局限于國內(nèi)，地面觀測幾何結(jié)構(gòu)不好使軌道精度不高；GEO衛(wèi)星的頻繁機(jī)動(dòng)控制，給GEO衛(wèi)星精密軌道的確定和預(yù)報(bào)帶來較大困難。 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器式衛(wèi)星測軌方法具有將衛(wèi)星軌道和星地鐘差分離的優(yōu)勢，被應(yīng)用于CAPS。本論文圍繞上述問題，基于C波段轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距方法及VLBI、SLR測量方法，在以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行深入探討和研究： 1．自發(fā)自收及差分模式的GEO衛(wèi)星定軌預(yù)報(bào) 針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)模式自發(fā)自收數(shù)據(jù)的徑向約束能力強(qiáng)、橫向約束能力弱的問題，依據(jù)VLBI測量原理、自發(fā)自收模式、一發(fā)多收模式，提出了轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)模式副站與副站差分模式，詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了該模式的觀測方程及測量矩陣，并克服了副站之間沒有直接TWSTFT比對(duì)鏈路，無法直接得到副站站間鐘差的問題。 利用2005年6月的C波段自發(fā)自收測距數(shù)據(jù)、副站差分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合定軌預(yù)報(bào)試驗(yàn)，C波段轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距數(shù)據(jù)單獨(dú)定軌預(yù)報(bào)試驗(yàn)，分析了副站差分對(duì)軌道橫向精度的影響，預(yù)報(bào)殘差與預(yù)報(bào)軌道差的關(guān)系。 2．基于國際SLR數(shù)據(jù)的自發(fā)自收軌道精度評(píng)估 系統(tǒng)建成后，由于租用的GEO衛(wèi)星上并未安裝激光反射器，因此基于CAPS的GEO衛(wèi)星軌道從未使用SLR數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行評(píng)估；CAPS測站系統(tǒng)差從未基于SLR數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)校。本文給出了CAPS中的外環(huán)時(shí)延測量方法及時(shí)延組成要素、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)模式自發(fā)自收測距測量模型，并首次利用國際SLR數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)基于CAPS的GEO衛(wèi)星軌道進(jìn)行了精度評(píng)估，利用國內(nèi)SLR數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)CAPS測站系統(tǒng)差進(jìn)行標(biāo)校；分析了CAPS的測站分布對(duì)GEO衛(wèi)星定軌精度的影響、系統(tǒng)差標(biāo)校精度。經(jīng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，國內(nèi)激光站的視向檢驗(yàn)殘差較小，約為0.5m，而南半球激光站的視向檢驗(yàn)殘差較大,約為3.3m。 3. GEO衛(wèi)星分時(shí)觀測模式研究 針對(duì)目前CAPS常規(guī)連續(xù)觀測模式，無法實(shí)現(xiàn)1天內(nèi)對(duì)多顆GEO衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行觀測的問題，論文探究了CAPS在GEO衛(wèi)星非機(jī)動(dòng)期間的單天線對(duì)多顆衛(wèi)星的分時(shí)觀測模式及策略；基于2005年6月的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)模式連續(xù)觀測資料，生成了3種分時(shí)觀測資料，并最終給出了滿足軌道精度優(yōu)于2m的單天線對(duì)多顆GEO衛(wèi)星的分時(shí)觀測策略。 4. GEO衛(wèi)星跨機(jī)動(dòng)定軌及預(yù)報(bào)方法研究 為了滿足導(dǎo)航用戶對(duì)于機(jī)動(dòng)期間軌道及機(jī)動(dòng)后軌道快速恢復(fù)的需求，在衛(wèi)星機(jī)動(dòng)期間，通過建立等價(jià)的機(jī)動(dòng)力模型，研究跨機(jī)動(dòng)期間的定軌方法和優(yōu)化策略，保證軌道的連續(xù)性。并基于機(jī)動(dòng)前不同時(shí)段的C波段觀測資料，分析了機(jī)動(dòng)前的資料對(duì)跨機(jī)動(dòng)定軌及預(yù)報(bào)精度的影響，分析了機(jī)動(dòng)后短弧定軌預(yù)報(bào)與跨機(jī)動(dòng)定軌預(yù)報(bào)的優(yōu)劣性。 5.基于VLBI與C波段轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距數(shù)據(jù)的聯(lián)合定軌試驗(yàn) GEO衛(wèi)星機(jī)動(dòng)后短弧資料較少，且C波段自發(fā)自收數(shù)據(jù)橫向約束能力弱。論文利用2010年中國VLBI網(wǎng)與C波段測軌網(wǎng)的VLBI和C波段轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距資料進(jìn)行了分析處理，為實(shí)現(xiàn)VLBI應(yīng)用于軌道機(jī)動(dòng)后軌道快速恢復(fù)提供試驗(yàn)支持。論文進(jìn)行了C波段轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)測距數(shù)據(jù)單獨(dú)定軌試驗(yàn)、VLBI時(shí)延與時(shí)延率定軌試驗(yàn)、聯(lián)合定軌試驗(yàn)，并分析了不同基線對(duì)C波段測站系統(tǒng)差標(biāo)校精度的影響，單條基線對(duì)測距資料定軌預(yù)報(bào)的影響。
[Abstract]:GEO satellite coverage has been widely used in regional augmentation and regional navigation systems such as WAAS , IRNSS , QZSS , EGNOS , BDS , cap and so on . Precision orbit determination and prediction of GEO satellites play an important role in high - precision navigation and precision real - time positioning users . Therefore , research on the theory and method of GEO satellite precision orbit determination has a positive role in the construction of satellite navigation system and regional augmentation system .
It is difficult to separate GEO satellite from the ground , the geometrical relationship between stations is small , the clock difference and the deviation of station are difficult to separate .
The tracking station of the system is limited to the domestic , the surface observation geometry is not good , the orbit precision is not high ;
The frequent maneuvering control of GEO satellites brings great difficulty to the determination and prediction of precision orbit of GEO satellites .
The repeater - type satellite orbit determination method has the advantage of separating the satellite orbit and the star - ground clock difference , and is applied to the above - mentioned problem . Based on the C - band forward ranging method , the GPS and SLR measurement methods , the following aspects are discussed and studied in depth :
1 . GEO Satellite Orbit Prediction for Spontaneous Self - Collection and Differential Mode
Aiming at the problem of strong radial constraint ability and weak lateral restraint ability of spontaneous self - receiving data of forwarding mode , the differential mode of forwarding mode secondary station and secondary station is presented in this paper according to the principle , spontaneous self - receiving mode and multi - receiving mode of the forwarding mode , the observation equation and the measurement matrix of the model are deduced in detail , and the problem that no direct TWSTFT ratio on the link is not directly obtained between the secondary stations is overcome , and the clock difference between the secondary stations cannot be directly obtained .
By using the C - band spontaneous self - collecting ranging data of June 2005 , the differential data of the secondary station is combined with the fixed - orbit prediction test , and the C - band forward ranging data is subjected to a single - orbit prediction test , and the influence of the difference of the secondary station on the lateral accuracy of the track is analyzed , and the relationship between the prediction residual and the prediction track difference is analyzed .
2 . Self - collecting orbit accuracy evaluation based on international SLR data
Since the laser reflector is not installed on the leased GEO satellite after the completion of the system , the GEO satellite orbit based on the cap has never been evaluated using SLR data ;
In this paper , an outer ring time delay measurement method is presented in this paper , which is based on the data of SLR data . In this paper , an outer ring time delay measurement method is presented in this paper . The model of spontaneous self - receiving and ranging measurement is presented , and the accuracy evaluation of the GEO satellite orbit is carried out by using the international SLR data for the first time .
The influence of the station distribution on the orbit accuracy of GEO satellite is analyzed . The accuracy of the system difference calibration is verified . It is verified by the experiment that the residual error of the visual inspection of the domestic laser station is small , about 0.5m , while the visual inspection residual of the laser station in the southern hemisphere is larger , which is about 3.3m .
3 . Research on GEO Satellite Time - sharing Observation Model
Aiming at the problem of observing multiple GEO satellites within 1 day for the conventional continuous observation mode , the paper explores the time - sharing observation mode and strategy of a single antenna in the non - maneuvering period of GEO satellite .
Based on the continuous observation data of the forwarding mode in June 2005 , three kinds of time - sharing observation data are generated , and the time - sharing observation strategy of single antenna with the orbit accuracy better than 2m is given .
4 . Research on Cross - motor Orbit Determination and Prediction Method for GEO Satellite
In order to satisfy the need of the navigation user for fast track and post - maneuver orbit recovery during maneuvering , during the maneuver of satellite , by establishing an equivalent engine power model , the orbit continuity is ensured . Based on the observations of the C - band in different periods before the maneuver , the influence of the pre - maneuver data on the cross - maneuver orbit determination and prediction accuracy is analyzed , and the advantages and disadvantages of the post - maneuver short - arc fixed - orbit prediction and the cross - maneuver fixed - orbit prediction are analyzed .
5 . Joint Orbit Determination Based on GPS and C - band Forward Range Data
The short - arc data of GEO satellite is less , and the horizontal constraint ability of C - band spontaneous self - collecting data is weak . In this paper , the author makes an analysis and treatment on the fast recovery of orbit maneuver after the C - band . The paper makes a single orbit test of C - band forward ranging data , the time delay and the time delay rate constant - orbit test and the combined orbit determination test , and analyzes the influence of different baselines on the accuracy of the difference calibration accuracy of the C - band station system , and the influence of the single baseline on the fixed - orbit prediction of the ranging data .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時(shí)中心）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P228
[Abstract]:GEO satellite coverage has been widely used in regional augmentation and regional navigation systems such as WAAS , IRNSS , QZSS , EGNOS , BDS , cap and so on . Precision orbit determination and prediction of GEO satellites play an important role in high - precision navigation and precision real - time positioning users . Therefore , research on the theory and method of GEO satellite precision orbit determination has a positive role in the construction of satellite navigation system and regional augmentation system .
It is difficult to separate GEO satellite from the ground , the geometrical relationship between stations is small , the clock difference and the deviation of station are difficult to separate .
The tracking station of the system is limited to the domestic , the surface observation geometry is not good , the orbit precision is not high ;
The frequent maneuvering control of GEO satellites brings great difficulty to the determination and prediction of precision orbit of GEO satellites .
The repeater - type satellite orbit determination method has the advantage of separating the satellite orbit and the star - ground clock difference , and is applied to the above - mentioned problem . Based on the C - band forward ranging method , the GPS and SLR measurement methods , the following aspects are discussed and studied in depth :
1 . GEO Satellite Orbit Prediction for Spontaneous Self - Collection and Differential Mode
Aiming at the problem of strong radial constraint ability and weak lateral restraint ability of spontaneous self - receiving data of forwarding mode , the differential mode of forwarding mode secondary station and secondary station is presented in this paper according to the principle , spontaneous self - receiving mode and multi - receiving mode of the forwarding mode , the observation equation and the measurement matrix of the model are deduced in detail , and the problem that no direct TWSTFT ratio on the link is not directly obtained between the secondary stations is overcome , and the clock difference between the secondary stations cannot be directly obtained .
By using the C - band spontaneous self - collecting ranging data of June 2005 , the differential data of the secondary station is combined with the fixed - orbit prediction test , and the C - band forward ranging data is subjected to a single - orbit prediction test , and the influence of the difference of the secondary station on the lateral accuracy of the track is analyzed , and the relationship between the prediction residual and the prediction track difference is analyzed .
2 . Self - collecting orbit accuracy evaluation based on international SLR data
Since the laser reflector is not installed on the leased GEO satellite after the completion of the system , the GEO satellite orbit based on the cap has never been evaluated using SLR data ;
In this paper , an outer ring time delay measurement method is presented in this paper , which is based on the data of SLR data . In this paper , an outer ring time delay measurement method is presented in this paper . The model of spontaneous self - receiving and ranging measurement is presented , and the accuracy evaluation of the GEO satellite orbit is carried out by using the international SLR data for the first time .
The influence of the station distribution on the orbit accuracy of GEO satellite is analyzed . The accuracy of the system difference calibration is verified . It is verified by the experiment that the residual error of the visual inspection of the domestic laser station is small , about 0.5m , while the visual inspection residual of the laser station in the southern hemisphere is larger , which is about 3.3m .
3 . Research on GEO Satellite Time - sharing Observation Model
Aiming at the problem of observing multiple GEO satellites within 1 day for the conventional continuous observation mode , the paper explores the time - sharing observation mode and strategy of a single antenna in the non - maneuvering period of GEO satellite .
Based on the continuous observation data of the forwarding mode in June 2005 , three kinds of time - sharing observation data are generated , and the time - sharing observation strategy of single antenna with the orbit accuracy better than 2m is given .
4 . Research on Cross - motor Orbit Determination and Prediction Method for GEO Satellite
In order to satisfy the need of the navigation user for fast track and post - maneuver orbit recovery during maneuvering , during the maneuver of satellite , by establishing an equivalent engine power model , the orbit continuity is ensured . Based on the observations of the C - band in different periods before the maneuver , the influence of the pre - maneuver data on the cross - maneuver orbit determination and prediction accuracy is analyzed , and the advantages and disadvantages of the post - maneuver short - arc fixed - orbit prediction and the cross - maneuver fixed - orbit prediction are analyzed .
5 . Joint Orbit Determination Based on GPS and C - band Forward Range Data
The short - arc data of GEO satellite is less , and the horizontal constraint ability of C - band spontaneous self - collecting data is weak . In this paper , the author makes an analysis and treatment on the fast recovery of orbit maneuver after the C - band . The paper makes a single orbit test of C - band forward ranging data , the time delay and the time delay rate constant - orbit test and the combined orbit determination test , and analyzes the influence of different baselines on the accuracy of the difference calibration accuracy of the C - band station system , and the influence of the single baseline on the fixed - orbit prediction of the ranging data .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時(shí)中心）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P228
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 瞿鋒;趙春梅;衛(wèi)志斌;;人衛(wèi)激光測距望遠(yuǎn)鏡系統(tǒng)的指向修正[J];測繪科學(xué);2006年04期
2 盧秀山,歐吉坤,宋淑麗,馮尊德;度量觀測方程系數(shù)矩陣復(fù)共線性的最小相對(duì)范數(shù)法[J];測繪通報(bào);2003年06期
3 楊久龍;過靜s
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