本文選題：滑坡敏感性 + 遙感影像��； 參考：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國西南地區(qū)多為高山峽谷，降水集中，江河密布的區(qū)域。但其地質條件復雜，生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱，各種地質災害頻發(fā)，其中尤以滑坡的危害影響最大，也是我國遭受滑坡災害危害最為嚴重的地區(qū)。滑坡作為水庫工程中庫岸穩(wěn)定性破壞最為嚴重的災害，對壩址的安全有很大的影響。因此，科學、準確地進行滑坡敏感性評價對于水電站的建設與防災減災都有很重要的意義。 本文以金沙江流域日冕(旭龍)水電站的現(xiàn)場地質調查為基礎，結合高分辨率的SPOT5遙感影像，利用地理信息系統(tǒng)ArcGis軟件，解譯出滑坡和堆積體共25處，然后分別選取地形坡度，地形坡向，地層巖性，地質構造，河流侵蝕，植被覆蓋率為滑坡敏感性的評價因子，在ArcGis的支持下，采取50×50m為柵格單元網格，分別用層次分析法和信息量法建立模型，研究整個庫區(qū)的滑坡敏感性分區(qū)。論文取得了如下成果： 1.利用地形數字高程模型(DEM)和高分辨率的SPOT5多光譜遙感影像，建立庫區(qū)及滑坡的三維數字特征，分別解譯處滑坡發(fā)生的位置，大概的形態(tài)和規(guī)模，，然后將坐標導入GPS導航系統(tǒng)，為現(xiàn)場的深入認識提供便利。通過這種方式，將RS，GIS，GPS相融合，形成了一種基于3S的滑坡研究思路。 2.利用地形矢量圖形和高分辨率的SPOT5多光譜遙感影像，結合以往對于滑坡的研究經驗，利用Mapgis、ArcGis和Erdas等軟件分別提取坡度、坡向、地層巖性、地質構造、河流侵蝕和植被覆蓋率6個敏感性評價因子，通過引入“等級權重”的概念分別討論了滑坡分布與上述因子的統(tǒng)計關系。 3.利用Arcgis軟件強大的空間分析功能，將研究區(qū)以50×50m為柵格單元網格劃分，同時采用層次分析法和信息量法對研究區(qū)進行敏感度區(qū)劃研究。通過繪制累計頻度曲線來確定敏感度等級分區(qū)的界線閾值，最終得出研究區(qū)的滑坡敏感性區(qū)劃圖。 4.利用ROC曲線的精度檢驗原理，分別繪制層次分析法和信息量法模型評價中的精度檢驗曲線，求取曲線下的面積（AUC）。研究表明，兩種方法均可靠有效，但信息量法的評價結果要優(yōu)于層次分析法。
[Abstract]:Southwest China is mostly high mountain canyons with concentrated precipitation and rivers. However, the geological conditions are complex, the ecological environment is fragile, and a variety of geological disasters occur frequently, especially the landslide has the greatest impact on the hazards, and is also the most serious hazards of landslide disaster in China. Landslide, as the most serious damage to reservoir bank stability in reservoir engineering, has great influence on the safety of dam site. Therefore, scientific and accurate evaluation of landslide sensitivity is of great significance for the construction of hydropower stations and disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the field geological survey of the Corona (Xulong) Hydropower Station in the Jinsha River Basin, combined with the high-resolution SPOT5 remote sensing images, 25 landslips and accumulations were interpreted by using the ArcGis software of the Geographic Information system (GIS), and then the topographic slopes were selected respectively. The slope direction, stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, river erosion and vegetation coverage are the evaluation factors of landslide sensitivity. With the support of ArcGis, 50 脳 50m is taken as grid cell grid, and the models are established by AHP and information quantity method, respectively. The sensitivity zoning of landslide in the whole reservoir area is studied. The paper has achieved the following results: 1. Using the terrain digital elevation model (DEM) and high resolution SPOT5 multispectral remote sensing image, the 3D digital features of the reservoir area and landslide are established, and the location, shape and scale of the landslide are respectively interpreted, and then the coordinates are imported into the GPS navigation system. To facilitate in-depth understanding of the site. In this way, RSGIS-GPS is fused to form a landslide research idea based on 3s. 2. Using terrain vector graph and high resolution SPOT5 multispectral remote sensing image, combined with the previous research experience of landslide, using Mapgis ArcGis and Erdas software to extract slope, slope direction, stratigraphic lithology and geological structure, respectively. The statistical relationship between landslide distribution and the above factors was discussed by introducing the concept of "grade weight" into the six sensitive evaluation factors of river erosion and vegetation coverage. 3. By using the powerful spatial analysis function of Arcgis software, the research area is divided into 50 脳 50m grid cells, and the sensitivity zoning of the study area is studied by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the method of information content. By drawing the cumulative frequency curve to determine the threshold of the sensitivity level, finally the landslide sensitivity map of the study area is obtained. 4. Based on the precision test principle of ROC curve, the precision test curve of AHP and information method model evaluation is drawn, and the area under the curve is obtained. The results show that the two methods are effective, but the evaluation results of the information quantity method are better than the analytic hierarchy process.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P642.22;P208

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