本文選題：石嘴山 + ArcGIS��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：石嘴山位于黃河中游上段、寧夏回族自治區(qū)北部。近年來，由于受區(qū)域地質(zhì)環(huán)境和人類工程活動(dòng)的影響，尤其是人類工程活動(dòng)，如開礦、修路等，市區(qū)崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害尤為發(fā)育，嚴(yán)重威脅到人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全，也給國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)帶來嚴(yán)重的阻礙。 本文通過野外實(shí)地調(diào)查和相關(guān)資料的收集，查明了石嘴山市區(qū)的區(qū)域地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件及災(zāi)害的類型、數(shù)量、分布、規(guī)模、穩(wěn)定性和危害程度，分析了災(zāi)害的形成與地形地貌、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、地層巖性、氣候、人類工程活動(dòng)等因素的關(guān)系。在此基礎(chǔ)上，選取合適的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，運(yùn)用層次分析法算出各評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重并對(duì)其加以量化，然后利用水文分析法對(duì)斜坡單元進(jìn)行劃分，并利用ArcGIS平臺(tái)提供的空間疊加和分析計(jì)算功能，對(duì)研究區(qū)進(jìn)行地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性綜合評(píng)價(jià)。最后，針對(duì)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的實(shí)際情況，，提出了合理的災(zāi)害防治規(guī)劃建議。取得的主要研究成果如下：（1）研究區(qū)的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害類型為：崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和地面塌陷，其中崩塌（已發(fā)生的和潛在的）54處，滑坡（已發(fā)生的和潛在的）7處，泥石流（已發(fā)生的和潛在的）92處，地面塌陷6處，存在隱患的災(zāi)害共有159處。（2）地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系包括歷史因素、環(huán)境因素和誘發(fā)因素。其中歷史因素包括災(zāi)害點(diǎn)密度和面密度；環(huán)境因素包括坡度指標(biāo)、坡型指標(biāo)、坡高指標(biāo)、巖土體條件和地貌分區(qū)指標(biāo)；誘發(fā)因素包括人類工程活動(dòng)指標(biāo)和降雨指標(biāo)。（3）研究區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)度可劃分為高危險(xiǎn)區(qū)、中危險(xiǎn)區(qū)和低危險(xiǎn)區(qū)。其中高危險(xiǎn)區(qū)總面積為132.10Km2，占總面積的3.30%；中危險(xiǎn)區(qū)總面積為1175.08Km2，占總面積的29.36%；低危險(xiǎn)區(qū)總面積為2695.56Km2，占總面積的67.34%。（4）在地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性分區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)上，可將研究區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害分為三個(gè)防治區(qū)：重點(diǎn)防治區(qū)、次重點(diǎn)防治區(qū)和一般防治區(qū)，其中重點(diǎn)防治區(qū)包括8個(gè)亞區(qū)，次重點(diǎn)防治區(qū)包括16個(gè)亞區(qū)，一般防治區(qū)包括3個(gè)亞區(qū)。 本文的研究成果為當(dāng)?shù)卣贫ê侠淼耐恋乩靡?guī)劃和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治規(guī)劃，建立地質(zhì)災(zāi)害應(yīng)急預(yù)案和監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)提供了基礎(chǔ)資料和科學(xué)依據(jù)，具有重要的理論和實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:Shizuishan is located in the upper middle reaches of the Yellow River, the northern Ningxia Hui Autonomous region. In recent years, due to the influence of regional geological environment and human engineering activities, especially human engineering activities, such as mining, road building, urban collapse, landslide, debris flow, ground collapse and other geological disasters are particularly developed. It is a serious threat to the safety of people's life and property, but also a serious obstacle to the construction of national economy. Through field investigation and collection of relevant data, this paper finds out the regional geological environment conditions and the types, quantity, distribution, scale, stability and hazard degree of disasters in Shizuishan area, and analyzes the formation and landform of disasters. Geological structure, stratigraphic lithology, climate, human engineering activities and other factors. On this basis, the appropriate evaluation index system of geological hazard risk is selected, the weight of each evaluation index is calculated and quantified by AHP, and then the slope unit is divided by hydrological analysis method. Using the space superposition and analysis and calculation function provided by ArcGIS platform, the comprehensive evaluation of geological hazard risk is carried out in the study area. Finally, according to the actual situation of geological disasters, the reasonable disaster prevention and control planning suggestions are put forward. The main research results obtained are as follows: (1) the types of geological hazards in the study area are: collapse, landslide, debris flow and ground collapse, of which there are 54 collapses (both occurring and potential), and 7 landslides (both occurring and potential). The evaluation index system of geological hazard risk includes historical factors, environmental factors and induced factors. Among them, historical factors include disaster site density and surface density, environmental factors include slope index, slope type index, slope height index, rock and soil condition and geomorphologic zoning index. The induced factors include the index of human engineering activity and the index of rainfall. 3) the risk degree of geological hazard in the study area can be divided into high risk area, middle risk area and low risk area. The total area of high risk area is 132.10 km ~ 2, which accounts for 3.30% of the total area; the total area of middle risk area is 1175.08 km ~ 2, accounting for 29.36% of the total area; and the total area of low risk area is 2695.56 km ~ 2, accounting for 67.34% of the total area. The geological hazards in the study area can be divided into three control areas: the key control area, the secondary key control area and the general control area, in which the key control area includes 8 subregions, the secondary key control area includes 16 subregions, and the general control area includes 3 subareas. The research results of this paper provide the basic data and scientific basis for the local government to formulate reasonable land use planning and geological disaster prevention and control planning, and establish the geological disaster emergency plan and monitoring and forecasting system, which has important theoretical and practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;P694

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 鄒瑜;地理國(guó)情普查框架下地質(zhì)災(zāi)害點(diǎn)分布研究及危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)[D];東華理工大學(xué);2015年

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