黑龍江省國(guó)土資源信息數(shù)據(jù)高效利用與服務(wù)研究
本文選題:國(guó)土資源 + 信息數(shù)據(jù); 參考:《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文
【摘要】:云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和GIS技術(shù)逐步成為我國(guó)未來信息化發(fā)展的方向和焦點(diǎn),一大批圍繞著這三種技術(shù)的信息化項(xiàng)目投產(chǎn)并創(chuàng)造出令世人矚目的業(yè)績(jī)。隨著這些技術(shù)的不斷成熟,并逐步應(yīng)用到社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)等各個(gè)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域,不僅解決了各領(lǐng)域信息化建設(shè)中的各種現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,而且促進(jìn)該領(lǐng)域新的信息利用模式的形成,逐步提高了各領(lǐng)域信息數(shù)據(jù)的利用效率和實(shí)用性。 國(guó)土領(lǐng)域信息數(shù)據(jù)作為我國(guó)基礎(chǔ)資料信息中的重要組成部分,一直被視為重要的信息資源,但是利用效率和直接參與價(jià)值生產(chǎn)的程度卻很低。尤其是國(guó)上資源二次調(diào)查以后,1:1萬比例尺的國(guó)土資源信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)完成建設(shè),其信息的利用問題變成為急迫的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。同時(shí)隨著金土工程建設(shè)在黑龍江省的逐步深入,業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用也逐步轉(zhuǎn)向信息化,其中的業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)也成為國(guó)土資源信息數(shù)據(jù)利用的重要的組成部分。但是業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)通常與空間數(shù)據(jù)是無法銜接的,非專業(yè)操作人員,日常工作也無法應(yīng)用到這些資源數(shù)據(jù)。因此實(shí)際上造成這些數(shù)據(jù)利用率非常低下。具體原因包括:國(guó)土資源領(lǐng)域的信息化存在著基礎(chǔ)國(guó)土資源二調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)過于詳細(xì),而實(shí)際國(guó)土資源管理業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)需求相對(duì)單一;國(guó)土資源數(shù)據(jù)利用過程過于復(fù)雜,專業(yè)性和實(shí)時(shí)性較差,而實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)要求數(shù)據(jù)具有實(shí)時(shí)性,操作具有簡(jiǎn)化性,操作平臺(tái)具有多樣性;國(guó)土資源數(shù)據(jù)物理載體呈現(xiàn)個(gè)人配置較高,數(shù)據(jù)中心配置較低,市區(qū)縣物理資源不平衡,有的國(guó)土局只有一臺(tái)終端服務(wù)器,而有的就有小型計(jì)算中心。同時(shí)市縣級(jí)物理資源有所閑置而省級(jí)資源嚴(yán)重不足等特點(diǎn)。而在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,無論各級(jí)應(yīng)用,和各節(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)用,要求速度、穩(wěn)定性、安全性都是一樣的,不存在差別。國(guó)土資源數(shù)據(jù)呈現(xiàn)多種介質(zhì)并存的狀態(tài),而實(shí)際過程中當(dāng)數(shù)字信息穩(wěn)定并操作方便時(shí),紙介數(shù)據(jù)幾乎不用,但是當(dāng)數(shù)字信息操作過于復(fù)雜時(shí),業(yè)務(wù)審批以紙介為主。因此在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)要求審批操作簡(jiǎn)單、便捷、流暢、穩(wěn)定,同時(shí)能夠簡(jiǎn)單高效的檢索查和詢數(shù)字化后的物理介質(zhì)。 因此本研究通過云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和GIS集成技術(shù),針對(duì)黑龍江省國(guó)土資源信息利用問題展開研究。目的是通過云計(jì)算技術(shù)解決現(xiàn)有硬件設(shè)施不變的情況下最大限度的提高其計(jì)算能力和提供信息服務(wù)的模式,通過物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)提高國(guó)土資源數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)性,通過GIS技術(shù)解決平臺(tái)建設(shè)和多平臺(tái)應(yīng)用等問題。進(jìn)而形成黑龍江省國(guó)土資源數(shù)據(jù)高效利用模型和服務(wù)平臺(tái)。 具體方法如下,根據(jù)針對(duì)黑龍江省國(guó)土信息化建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀和金土工程實(shí)施3年來所集中體現(xiàn)的問題,深入調(diào)研,收集整理包括國(guó)土信息業(yè)務(wù)流程、日常數(shù)據(jù)利用形式、省市縣包括服務(wù)器在內(nèi)的物理資源情況、以及國(guó)土工作人員對(duì)信息系統(tǒng)的迫切需求。在這些基礎(chǔ)資料的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行需求分析,提出模型構(gòu)建和平臺(tái)建設(shè)目標(biāo),包括:提高物理資源使用率,優(yōu)化空間數(shù)據(jù)并與業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合,可以在多平臺(tái)上無縫銜接使用,以及不同地區(qū)、不同種類、不同性能服務(wù)器集群負(fù)載均衡問題。根據(jù)建設(shè)目標(biāo),采用基于匈牙利算法的資源調(diào)度模型和節(jié)點(diǎn)緩存模型構(gòu)建的負(fù)載均衡技術(shù)和資源池化技術(shù),解決硬件物理資源分配問題。采用根據(jù)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)特點(diǎn)與云計(jì)算相互集成,解決實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)無縫銜接,空間數(shù)據(jù)與業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合應(yīng)用問題。根據(jù)GIS二次開發(fā)技術(shù),以云計(jì)算中心數(shù)據(jù)為支撐,集成傳感器接口實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)土資源信息數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)平臺(tái)建設(shè)。 本研究的開發(fā)與實(shí)驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)選在黑龍江工程學(xué)院云計(jì)算及大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行,采用8臺(tái)IBM System x3850X5(7145N02)服務(wù)器模擬黑龍江省金土工程專網(wǎng)中的104臺(tái)服務(wù)器,其中包括業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)器、GIS服務(wù)器、備份服務(wù)器等不同類型服務(wù)器;1臺(tái)IBM Systemx3650M3(7945O85)測(cè)試服務(wù)器模擬使用終端;1臺(tái)聯(lián)想ThinkStation E30(7824A35)工作站進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)配置及模型部署:1臺(tái)H3C S12500核心路由交換機(jī)模擬金土工程專網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)情況。 實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)部署VMware workstation虛擬近104臺(tái)服務(wù)器和終端的操作系統(tǒng),并部署金土工程等相關(guān)軟件環(huán)境。采用CloudSim補(bǔ)充一定數(shù)量臨時(shí)虛擬服務(wù)器、編寫模型策略并對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。業(yè)務(wù)平臺(tái)軟件開發(fā)運(yùn)行環(huán)境還包括:ArcGIS、JavaScript、Dojo、Oracle等。測(cè)試軟件使用LoadRunner進(jìn)行壓力和性能測(cè)試。 通過測(cè)試,同時(shí)并發(fā)用戶達(dá)到2000以上:事務(wù)執(zhí)行速率1008個(gè)/秒;,錯(cuò)誤率不到萬分之一,比原有金上工程性能提高進(jìn)50%。全省近200家國(guó)土一線單位,每單位10名業(yè)務(wù)人員同時(shí)操作計(jì)算,完全滿足黑龍江省現(xiàn)有國(guó)土資源信息利用的需要。同時(shí)不僅平臺(tái)在性能指標(biāo)上完全高于現(xiàn)有的金土工程系統(tǒng)平臺(tái),而且提高了全省各地服務(wù)器的使用效率各盡所需,而且還增加多平臺(tái)使用能力。 因此,根據(jù)本研究成果,建議黑龍江省國(guó)土資源信息化建設(shè)中可首先依托省國(guó)土廳、哈爾濱市國(guó)土資源局和大慶市國(guó)土資源局,首先建立資源調(diào)度服務(wù)器和數(shù)據(jù)備份中心;再在各省市縣金土工程服務(wù)器中設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)策略優(yōu)化軟件,建立節(jié)點(diǎn)緩存層,并與調(diào)度服務(wù)器實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)交換;接著逐步在省市縣三級(jí)完善圖件服務(wù)器的配置,上級(jí)計(jì)算力充裕的地區(qū)要為下級(jí)地區(qū)準(zhǔn)備圖件服務(wù)器或虛擬圖件服務(wù)器:再逐步將縣級(jí)服務(wù)器只轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闃I(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)器,只提供業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的交流功能:最后對(duì)整體系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行升級(jí),達(dá)到功能操作簡(jiǎn)單化,應(yīng)用平臺(tái)多元化,信息響應(yīng)實(shí)時(shí)化,檢索查詢快捷化的下一代金土工程平臺(tái)的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 綜上所述,本研究根據(jù)黑龍江省國(guó)土資源信息數(shù)據(jù)利用現(xiàn)狀和具體問題,采用云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和GIS集成技術(shù),建立了一整套資源高效利用模型,構(gòu)建了高效利用服務(wù)平臺(tái),經(jīng)過測(cè)試滿足黑龍江省國(guó)土資源管理過程中對(duì)信息化建設(shè)的需求。因此本研究對(duì)黑龍江省未來國(guó)上資源信息化建設(shè)提供可以借鑒和參考的依據(jù)。并能夠在現(xiàn)有物理資源基礎(chǔ)上最小成本的解決局部資源閑置和局部計(jì)算力稀缺的問題,體現(xiàn)了本研究具有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。同時(shí)本研究能夠帶動(dòng)資源合理分配,根據(jù)用戶使用特點(diǎn),均衡資源之間的關(guān)系,釋放部分資源,達(dá)到節(jié)能減排的目標(biāo),又體現(xiàn)了本研究的社會(huì)價(jià)值?傊狙芯繉(duì)黑龍江省國(guó)土資源信息高效利用提供的技術(shù)依據(jù)和改造原則,最大程度的提高了國(guó)土資源信息的高效利用問題,具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS technology have gradually become the direction and focus of our country ' s future information development .
As an important part of the information of basic information in our country , the information data in the land area has been regarded as an important information resource , but the utilization efficiency and the direct participation in value production are very low .
Land resource data utilization process is too complex , professional and real - time performance is poor , while actual application requires data to be real - time , operation is simplified , operation platform has diversity ;
Land resource data physical carrier presents the characteristics of high personal configuration , low data center configuration , imbalance of physical resources in urban districts , and small computing center . In practice , the data of county level has the same status of idle and provincial resources . However , when the digital information is stable and the operation is convenient , the data of paper is mostly paper . Therefore , when the digital information is stable and the operation is convenient , the paper is mainly used in the process .
This paper studies the information utilization of the land resources in Heilongjiang Province through cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS integration technology . The aim is to improve the real - time performance of the data of the land resources through the Internet of Things technology , solve the problems of platform construction and multi - platform application through the technology of Internet of Things , and then form the high - efficient utilization model and service platform of the land resource data in Heilongjiang Province .
The concrete method is as follows : according to the present situation of land information construction in Heilongjiang Province and the implementation of Jinshi Project in three years , deeply research and collect the physical resources including the land information business process , the daily data utilization form , the provincial and municipal districts , including the server , and the urgent need of the national staff to the information system .
The development and experimental sites of this research are selected in the cloud computing and the Big Data Technology Laboratory of Heilongjiang Engineering College . Eight IBM System x3850X5 ( 7145 N02 ) servers are used to simulate 104 servers in the Golden Soil Engineering Network of Heilongjiang Province , including different types of servers such as business data server , GIS server , backup server , etc . One IBM Systemx3650M3 ( 7945O85 ) test server simulates the use terminal ;
The system configuration and model deployment is made on the workstation ( 7824A35 ) , which is based on the 1 H 3C S12500 core routing switch .
The experimental platform deploys VMware workstation virtual close to 104 servers and the operating system of the terminal , and deploys the related software environment , such as the gold soil engineering , etc . A certain number of temporary virtual servers is added to the experimental platform , the model strategy is written and the system is tested . The business platform software development operation environment further comprises : ArcGIS , JavaScript , Dojo , Oracle , etc . The test software uses LoadRunner to perform pressure and performance testing .
Through testing , concurrent users can reach more than 2000 : the transaction execution rate is 1008 cycles / sec ;
At the same time , the performance index of the platform is completely higher than that of the existing gold soil engineering system platform , and the use efficiency of the servers in the whole province is increased , and the use capacity of the multi - platform is increased .
Therefore , according to the research results , it is suggested that the resource dispatching server and data backup center can be first established in the information construction of the land resources of Heilongjiang Province .
the node strategy optimization software is arranged in the gold soil engineering server in the municipal districts of each province , the node cache layer is established , and the data exchange is realized with the dispatching server ;
Then step - by - step to improve the configuration of the map - piece server in the county level of the province and the city , and the area of the superior calculation power is to prepare the map server or the virtual map server for the lower - level area : the county - level server is converted into the service server , and only the communication function of the service data is provided : finally , the whole system is upgraded , the function operation is simplified , the application platform is diversified , the information response is real - time , and the basic standard of the next - generation golden soil engineering platform is searched and inquired .
In conclusion , according to the present situation and specific problems of information data utilization in Heilongjiang Province , this paper establishes a whole set of resources efficient utilization model by using cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS integration technology , and constructs an efficient utilization service platform .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號(hào)】:P208
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