本文選題：SLR + 圖像能量累積��； 參考：《中國(guó)地震局地震研究所》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：空間碎片又稱太空垃圾，因其對(duì)太空環(huán)境造成極大的危害，而受到各國(guó)重視，目前對(duì)空間碎片采取的主要措施就是觀測(cè)。SLR(Satellite Laser Ranging)技術(shù)是現(xiàn)代空間大地測(cè)量最先進(jìn)技術(shù)之一。在SLR觀測(cè)中，帶激光反射棱鏡的觀測(cè)對(duì)象稱為合作目標(biāo)，像空間碎片等不帶有反射鏡的觀測(cè)對(duì)象稱為非合作目標(biāo)。本論文要研究空間碎片SLR圖像跟蹤技術(shù)，由于SLR觀測(cè)技術(shù)是被動(dòng)跟蹤，故圖像跟蹤技術(shù)的核心是目標(biāo)識(shí)別，研究的主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)SLR圖像增強(qiáng)器上采集下的非合作目標(biāo)圖像進(jìn)行目標(biāo)識(shí)別。 本研究主要分為5個(gè)部分：圖像采集，圖像去噪，圖像增強(qiáng)，目標(biāo)識(shí)別和目標(biāo)分析。 第一部分：圖像采集是基于MATLAB中ImageAcquisition Toolbox工具實(shí)現(xiàn)的，由于MATLAB自帶圖像采集模塊，只需設(shè)置采集參數(shù)。 第二部分：圖像去噪部分是研究的重點(diǎn)，研究中針對(duì)衛(wèi)星運(yùn)行多樣性，選取目標(biāo)易識(shí)別和目標(biāo)不易識(shí)別兩種情況下的觀測(cè)圖像作為研究對(duì)象，并分別采用形態(tài)學(xué)去噪中的開(kāi)運(yùn)算、閉運(yùn)算，空間域去噪法中的中值濾波、均值濾波、自適應(yīng)性濾波，頻域去噪法中的離散余弦去噪對(duì)樣本進(jìn)行單幀圖像的去噪實(shí)驗(yàn)，效果均不明顯，后采用有限序列圖像累加的方式進(jìn)行圖像去噪，效果明顯。 第三部分：圖像增強(qiáng)采用laplace算子、sobel算子、prewitt算子和log算子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，均達(dá)不到實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模蟛捎秘?fù)相變換結(jié)合線性運(yùn)算，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)周圍灰度差增大。 第四部分：目標(biāo)識(shí)別采用閾值分割法及邊緣檢測(cè)法中的基于sobel算子和robinson算子的邊緣分割對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行目標(biāo)識(shí)別，由于噪聲干擾過(guò)多，對(duì)于小目標(biāo)圖像識(shí)別有困難，經(jīng)過(guò)有效去噪后，進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的閾值分割，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)識(shí)別，，后利用目標(biāo)形態(tài)進(jìn)行目標(biāo)篩選，精確識(shí)別目標(biāo)。 第五部分：目標(biāo)分析是標(biāo)識(shí)和計(jì)算目標(biāo)位置，最后可返回目標(biāo)坐標(biāo)。 最終通過(guò)研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)SLR觀測(cè)圖像的目標(biāo)識(shí)別，為今后SLR跟蹤觀測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供參考。
[Abstract]:Space debris is also known as space garbage. Because of its great harm to the space environment, it has been paid much attention by all countries. The main measure to take space debris is the observation of.SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging) technology is one of the most advanced technologies in modern space geodetic. In the SLR observation, the object of observation with a laser reflective prism is called cooperation. The object, such as space debris and non reflecting mirrors, is called non cooperative target. In this paper, we should study space debris SLR image tracking technology. Because SLR observation technology is passive tracking, the core of image tracking technology is target recognition. The main content of the research is the non cooperative target image acquisition on the SLR image intensifier. Line target recognition.
This study is mainly divided into 5 parts: image acquisition, image denoising, image enhancement, target recognition and target analysis.
The first part: image acquisition is based on ImageAcquisition Toolbox tool in MATLAB. Since MATLAB has its own image acquisition module, it only needs to set acquisition parameters.
The second part: the image denoising part is the focus of the study. In the study, the diversity of the satellite operation is selected, and the observation images under two conditions are selected and the target is easy to recognize and the target is not easily recognized as the research object, and the open operation in the morphological denoising, the closed operation, the mean filtering, the mean filtering and the self-adaptive in the space domain denoising method are adopted respectively. Filtering, the discrete cosine de-noising in the frequency domain denoising method is used to denoise the single frame of the sample, and the effect is not obvious. Then the image denoising is carried out with the finite sequence image accumulation.
The third part: the image enhancement uses the Laplace operator, the Sobel operator, the Prewitt operator and the log operator to carry out the experiment, which can not reach the experimental purpose, and then the negative phase transformation is combined with the linear operation, and the gray scale difference around the target is increased.
The fourth part: the target recognition uses the threshold segmentation method and the edge detection method based on the Sobel operator and the Robinson operator to recognize the image. Because of the excessive noise interference, it is difficult for the small target image recognition. After effective denoising, a simple threshold segmentation is carried out to realize the target recognition, and then the target shape is used. The state carries out the target screening and accurately identifies the target.
The fifth part: target analysis identifies and calculates the location of the target, and finally returns the target coordinates.
Finally, the target recognition of SLR observation images is realized, which provides reference for the development of SLR tracking technology in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局地震研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P225.2;X738

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