本文選題：GIS + ArcGIS　； 參考：《河南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)害對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)，特別是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)是一種極大的威脅，一旦災(zāi)害發(fā)生，對(duì)工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成的損失將非常嚴(yán)重。氣象災(zāi)害是自然災(zāi)害中最為頻繁而又嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)害，氣象災(zāi)害是影響農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵因素，因此，確定對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有影響的氣象災(zāi)情指標(biāo)，建立氣象災(zāi)情指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，利用實(shí)時(shí)氣象監(jiān)測(cè)信息，對(duì)氣象災(zāi)害的發(fā)生過程進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)及影響分析，有效地防止和抵御農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)害，是氣象部門、農(nóng)業(yè)部門及政府部門十分關(guān)注的問題。 隨著信息技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，GIS的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用得到了大幅提升，WebGIS是Internet技術(shù)應(yīng)用于GIS開發(fā)的產(chǎn)物，它充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的方便性、互聯(lián)性，將地理信息傳送到全國(guó)乃至全球各地的用戶。GIS以其自身的學(xué)科性質(zhì)成為一種重要的信息技術(shù)手段，在各種信息系統(tǒng)建設(shè)中都發(fā)揮了重要的作用，在農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)中也起著至關(guān)重要的作用。 本文以開封為研究區(qū)，使GIS技術(shù)與農(nóng)業(yè)氣象相結(jié)合，利用開封境內(nèi)的基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)和農(nóng)業(yè)氣象數(shù)據(jù)，在農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域做出具體應(yīng)用，設(shè)計(jì)并開發(fā)開封市農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崟r(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)氣象信息，在災(zāi)情發(fā)生時(shí)能迅速對(duì)災(zāi)情進(jìn)行大范圍監(jiān)測(cè)，快速、準(zhǔn)確地實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)內(nèi)的農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情分析以及等級(jí)劃分，為政府及氣象、農(nóng)業(yè)等有關(guān)部門提供及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的信息，對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)具有十分重要的意義。 本文在文獻(xiàn)回顧的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合WebGIS原理和方法，對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行需求分析、總體架構(gòu)和功能設(shè)計(jì)、系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)以及系統(tǒng)開發(fā)和驗(yàn)證，系統(tǒng)以開封市基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)和開封市氣象局提供的相關(guān)農(nóng)業(yè)氣象數(shù)據(jù)為數(shù)據(jù)源，以ArcGIS Server為平臺(tái)，建立了基于B/S結(jié)構(gòu)的農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，主要成果包括：（1）完成了開封市農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的具體需求分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的總體架構(gòu)模式和系統(tǒng)各個(gè)功能模塊；（2）完成了系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)，包括基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)和氣象信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)，著重對(duì)氣象信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)做了深入分析和設(shè)計(jì)，為不同的氣象要素設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)表；（3）開發(fā)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了氣象觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)后臺(tái)處理子系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)時(shí)氣象數(shù)據(jù)檢測(cè)、氣象信息提取入庫(kù)、氣象站點(diǎn)信息查詢和氣象數(shù)據(jù)格式轉(zhuǎn)換等功能；（4）開發(fā)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)分析子系統(tǒng)，分別建立了降雨量分布圖模型、等溫線圖模型、風(fēng)向風(fēng)速矢量圖模型和災(zāi)情影響區(qū)域模型；（5）對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，結(jié)果表明開封市農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，各個(gè)功能模塊都運(yùn)行正常，空間分析模型生成的降雨量分布圖、等溫線圖和風(fēng)向風(fēng)速矢量圖、災(zāi)情影響區(qū)域圖等專題圖效果理想。 通過對(duì)開封市農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)得出以下結(jié)論： （1）利用氣象觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)和基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)，基于ArcGIS技術(shù)，能夠在Web環(huán)境下實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)的區(qū)域氣象災(zāi)情監(jiān)測(cè)及氣象災(zāi)情影響區(qū)域分析，為氣象部門、農(nóng)業(yè)部門以及廣大農(nóng)民提供信息服務(wù)。 （2）GIS地理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理能夠很好地組織管理基礎(chǔ)地理數(shù)據(jù)和氣象觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，利用ArcGIS提供的模型工具可以有效制作各種空間分析模型，，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜的空間插值、影響區(qū)域分析等空間分析功能，制作全區(qū)的降雨量分布圖、等溫線圖和風(fēng)向風(fēng)速矢量圖、災(zāi)情影響區(qū)域圖等專題圖。 （3）系統(tǒng)測(cè)試表明，系統(tǒng)總體架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、功能模塊設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)比較合理，具有實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:Agro meteorological disasters are a great threat to the national economy, especially in agricultural production. Once the disasters occur, the losses caused to industrial and agricultural production and people's life and property will be very serious. Meteorological disasters are the most frequent and serious disasters in natural disasters. Meteorological disasters are the key factors affecting agricultural production. Therefore, it is determined that the meteorological disasters are the key factors affecting the agricultural production. Agricultural production has an impact on meteorological disaster indicators, the establishment of meteorological disaster indicators database, the use of real-time meteorological monitoring information, the dynamic monitoring and impact analysis of the occurrence of meteorological disasters, effectively preventing and resisting agro meteorological disasters, the meteorological department, agricultural departments and government departments are very concerned.
With the development of information technology and network technology, the development and application of GIS has been greatly improved. WebGIS is the product of the application of Internet technology to the development of GIS. It makes full use of the convenience and interconnectedness of the Internet, and transmits geographic information to the users all over the country and all over the world to become an important information with its own subject nature. Technical means have played an important role in the construction of various information systems, and play a vital role in the monitoring system of agrometeorological disasters.
This paper, taking Kaifeng as the research area, makes GIS technology combined with agro meteorology, making use of the basic geographic data and Agrometeorological data in Kaifeng, making concrete applications in the field of agro meteorological disaster monitoring, designing and developing the agro meteorological disaster monitoring system in Kaifeng. The system can monitor the meteorological information in real time, and can be rapid in the occurrence of the disaster. It is of great significance for agricultural production to provide timely and accurate information for the government and the meteorological and agricultural departments concerned.
On the basis of the literature review, this paper combines the principle and method of WebGIS to analyze the requirements of the agrometeorological disaster monitoring system, the overall structure and function design, the system database design and the system development and verification. The system takes the basic geographic data of the city and the related Agrometeorological data provided by the Kaifeng City Meteorological Bureau as the data source, and Ar CGIS Server is the platform to establish an agrometeorological disaster monitoring system based on B/S structure. The main achievements include: (1) complete the analysis of the specific requirements of the agro meteorological disaster monitoring system in Kaifeng City. On this basis, the system's overall framework model and the system function modules are designed. (2) the system database design, including the base, is completed. The base geography database design and the meteorological information database design, focus on the analysis and design of the meteorological information database, designed the corresponding data table for different meteorological elements. (3) the development and implementation of the meteorological observation data background processing subsystem, the realization of real-time meteorological data detection, meteorological information extraction, meteorological stations, meteorological stations. Information query and meteorological data format conversion and other functions; (4) develop and implement an agrometeorological disaster monitoring and analysis subsystem, respectively set up rainfall distribution map model, isotherm model model, wind direction wind vector map model and disaster impact regional model; (5) verification of the system, the results show the Kaifeng City of agro meteorological disaster monitoring The system runs stably, each function module runs normally, the rainfall distribution map generated by the spatial analysis model, the isotherm map and wind direction wind vector map, the disaster affected area map and other thematic maps are ideal.
Based on the design and implementation of the agricultural meteorological disaster monitoring system in Kaifeng, the following conclusions are reached.
(1) using the meteorological observation data and basic geographic data, based on the ArcGIS technology, it can realize the real-time regional meteorological disaster monitoring and the meteorological disaster impact area analysis under the Web environment, and provide the information service for the meteorological department, the agricultural department and the farmers.
(2) GIS geographic database management can organize and manage basic geographic data and meteorological observation data well. Using the model tools provided by ArcGIS, the spatial analysis model can be effectively made, so as to realize complex spatial interpolation, influence the spatial analysis function of regional analysis and so on, and make the distribution map of rainfall, isotherm and wind direction in the whole region. The wind speed vector map, the disaster impact regional map and other thematic maps.
(3) system test shows that the overall architecture design, function module design and database design are reasonable and practical.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TP311.52;S42;P208

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