本文選題：雨島效應(yīng) + 嶗山區(qū)�。� 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前，隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，急劇加快的城市化進(jìn)程，城市人口的增加，城市中新建的建筑物、廣場(chǎng)和道路等地面建筑物大量增加，綠地、水體等卻相應(yīng)減少，高樓大廈林立。而隨著建筑物密度增加，輻射熱量大幅增加，空氣流通不暢，尤其在夏季，建筑物空調(diào)、汽車(chē)尾氣的排放等使得釋放的熱能加劇，高空形成熱氣團(tuán)，最終形成降雨。雨島效應(yīng)多出現(xiàn)在城市降水量比較大的時(shí)間段內(nèi)，急劇的降雨，易在城市低洼點(diǎn)及地面點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生積水，甚至產(chǎn)生洪澇災(zāi)害�，F(xiàn)代城市內(nèi)澇具有三大特征：首先是城市內(nèi)澇的普遍性，在全國(guó)很多城市都存在不同程度的內(nèi)澇現(xiàn)象，城市內(nèi)澇越來(lái)越普遍。其次，城市洪澇災(zāi)害的易發(fā)性，城市中某些區(qū)域易形成洪澇災(zāi)害，如立交橋；而隨著城市工業(yè)化經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，城市規(guī)劃設(shè)施的建設(shè)，在地鐵通道等場(chǎng)所也時(shí)有發(fā)生。另外，城市內(nèi)澇的嚴(yán)重性，城市化程度越高，城市內(nèi)澇發(fā)生普遍性及頻率都會(huì)比城市化低的城市嚴(yán)重很多，而且對(duì)于城市本身降水量，很多城市城區(qū)的汛期降水量明顯比郊區(qū)要多，而且這種趨勢(shì)越來(lái)越明顯,對(duì)城市的防洪、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施造成一定壓力。 本文所選擇的研究區(qū)嶗山區(qū)位于青島市區(qū)東部，就整個(gè)嶗山區(qū)而言，西南部及東北部以平原為主，中南部以山地為主，城市居民聚集地也多集中在平原地區(qū)，而夏季又多盛行東南季風(fēng)，上風(fēng)向的城區(qū)跟下風(fēng)向的郊區(qū)降雨量差別尤為明顯，形成明顯的雨島效應(yīng)，而中南部的山地區(qū)域，由于地形雨的作用，，降水量也會(huì)與周?chē)貐^(qū)形成明顯差別，進(jìn)而很明顯的形成兩個(gè)雨島中心，鑒于雨島效應(yīng)對(duì)城市降水產(chǎn)生的重要影響，本文以嶗山地區(qū)這個(gè)雙雨島的典型區(qū)域?yàn)槔M(jìn)行研究，結(jié)果表明：嶗山區(qū)存在明顯雨島效應(yīng)，并且對(duì)嶗山地區(qū)的降水產(chǎn)生重要影響。 （1）文章從地表參數(shù)、人類(lèi)因素、城市化、地形等四個(gè)影響雨島效應(yīng)的因素進(jìn)行分析，進(jìn)而表明近幾十年嶗山區(qū)地表溫度一直在增加，人口數(shù)量翻了接近2倍，城市擴(kuò)展明顯，城市化程度有了大幅增加，平原、山地地區(qū)降水有明顯差別，并在此基礎(chǔ)上分析這幾個(gè)因素與雨島效應(yīng)的關(guān)系。 （2）文章從表征雨島效應(yīng)的降水、氣溫及風(fēng)速等三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了闡釋?zhuān)从沉藣魃絽^(qū)在汛期季節(jié)雨島效應(yīng)明顯時(shí)，降水、氣溫、風(fēng)速三個(gè)指標(biāo)的變化曲線及規(guī)律，進(jìn)一步表明雨島效應(yīng)的存在。 （3）為進(jìn)一步證明嶗山區(qū)存在雨島效應(yīng)，文章從嶗山區(qū)降水的時(shí)空格局進(jìn)行分析，分析嶗山區(qū)雨島效應(yīng)的時(shí)間格局變化及空間格局變化，結(jié)果表明在時(shí)間上，汛期降水量比較多，在空間上，城區(qū)降水量大于郊區(qū)降水量，且隨著城市化進(jìn)程加快，城郊降水量差別更加明顯。 （4）針對(duì)城市化對(duì)雨島效應(yīng)的間接影響,以青島市嶗山區(qū)為例,在分析嶗山區(qū)基本地形、水文氣候狀況的基礎(chǔ)上,利用地表溫度反演、土地利用分布、泰森多邊形、回歸分析等方法分析了嶗山區(qū)城市化對(duì)雨島效應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果表明,城區(qū)溫度增高與降雨之間滿足線性回歸關(guān)系,可見(jiàn)城市化是嶗山區(qū)雨島效應(yīng)的重要因素。 （5）結(jié)合雨島效應(yīng)對(duì)城市降水產(chǎn)生的影響，文章闡述了雨島效應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，對(duì)推動(dòng)青島嶗山區(qū)的氣候變化研究、城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)和城市防洪等方面具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:At present , with the development of the social economy , the rapid urbanization process , the increase of urban population , the building of new buildings in the city , the square and the road , etc .
With the development of the city ' s industrial economy , the construction of urban planning facilities and the construction of urban planning facilities also occur at the same time . In addition , the higher the severity of urban waterlogging , the higher the degree of urbanization , the general and frequent occurrence of waterlogging in cities is much worse than that in the suburbs .

The Laoshan mountain area of the study area is located in the eastern part of Qingdao city . In the whole Laoshan mountain area , the southwest and north - east are mainly plains , the middle and south are mainly mountainous areas , and the urban population is mainly concentrated in the plain area , and the rainfall in the middle and southern mountain areas is obviously different from the surrounding area . The results show that the rain island effect is obvious in Laoshan mountain area , and the precipitation in Laoshan area has an important effect .

( 1 ) Based on the analysis of the factors affecting rain island effect , such as surface parameters , human factors , urbanization , terrain and so on , it is shown that the surface temperature of Laoshan District has been increasing in recent decades , the population number has been increased by nearly 2 times , the urban expansion is obvious , the degree of urbanization is greatly increased , the rainfall in plain and mountainous areas is obviously different , and the relationship between these factors and the effect of rain island is analyzed .

( 2 ) From three aspects , such as precipitation , temperature and wind speed , which characterize the effect of rain island , this paper reflects the change curves and laws of three indexes of precipitation , air temperature and wind speed when the seasonal rain island effect is obvious during flood season , and further indicates the existence of rain island effect .

( 3 ) In order to further prove the rain island effect in Laoshan mountain area , the paper analyzes the temporal pattern and spatial pattern of precipitation in Laoshan mountain area .

( 4 ) Based on the analysis of the effects of urbanization on rain island in Laoshan mountain area , this paper analyzes the effects of urbanization on rain island in Laoshan mountain area based on Laoshan mountain area of Qingdao . The results show that the relationship between temperature increase and rainfall meets the linear regression relationship , and the visible urbanization is an important factor in Laoshan mountain rain island effect .

( 5 ) Combined with the effects of rain island effect on urban precipitation , the paper expounds the response measures of rain island effect , and has great significance in promoting the research on climate change , urban planning and urban flood control in Laoshan mountain area of Qingdao .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P426.616;P208;P237

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李京忠;殷學(xué)勇;蔡清華;王洪明;;基于TM影像的地表溫度遙感反演研究——以蘭州市區(qū)為例[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2008年18期

2 梁靈君;楊忠山;白國(guó)營(yíng);;城市化進(jìn)程對(duì)北京城區(qū)降水影響探討[J];北京水務(wù);2011年03期

3 丁瑾佳;許有鵬;潘光波;;蘇錫常地區(qū)城市發(fā)展對(duì)降雨的影響[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2010年08期

4 韓慧毅;叢剛春;侯裕清;;大連地區(qū)降水分布規(guī)律與雨島效應(yīng)[J];東北水利水電;2011年02期

5 殷杰;尹占娥;王軍;許世遠(yuǎn);陳振樓;;基于GIS的城市社區(qū)暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估[J];地理與地理信息科學(xué);2009年06期

6 俞p

本文編號(hào)：1909342