本文選題：地理實(shí)體 + 實(shí)體模型　； 參考：《北京建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文旨在研究3DGIS中空間實(shí)體數(shù)據(jù)模型的構(gòu)建及其應(yīng)用問題。三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型是3DGIS發(fā)展和應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵,如何對(duì)地理空間進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確而又完整的表達(dá)是三維數(shù)據(jù)模型研究的重要問題,現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)模型大多側(cè)重于研究空間實(shí)體的幾何特征,對(duì)于實(shí)體屬性及實(shí)體關(guān)系的表達(dá)不足,而空間屬性和空間關(guān)系則是三維空間分析及應(yīng)用的重要內(nèi)容。面向?qū)嶓w的三維模型是三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型的一種重要表達(dá)方式,在表達(dá)空間實(shí)體幾何特征的同時(shí),能夠完整地記錄實(shí)體之間的邏輯關(guān)系,包括空間關(guān)系、語義關(guān)系等。本文在分析和總結(jié)現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,研究并設(shè)計(jì)了一種面向?qū)嶓w的三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型,提出了基于R樹索引的模型數(shù)據(jù)組織方法,構(gòu)建實(shí)體模型庫并探討了實(shí)體模型的快速調(diào)度機(jī)制,在此基礎(chǔ)上將三維實(shí)體模型應(yīng)用于復(fù)雜密集的城市空間,研究城市空間實(shí)體模型的構(gòu)建及組織結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了城市實(shí)體三維模型庫,實(shí)現(xiàn)了模型的高效應(yīng)用,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)分析和總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),發(fā)現(xiàn)已有數(shù)據(jù)模型側(cè)重于表達(dá)地理空間實(shí)體的幾何特征,對(duì)于實(shí)體屬性特征及空間關(guān)系的表達(dá)較弱,而面向?qū)嶓w的數(shù)據(jù)模型在表達(dá)實(shí)體幾何特征的同時(shí),能夠完整的存儲(chǔ)和表征實(shí)體的屬性特征及空間關(guān)系。實(shí)體三維模型以實(shí)體對(duì)象為核心,將地理實(shí)體的要素特征封裝于對(duì)象內(nèi)部,便于深層次的空間分析和應(yīng)用,具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)用價(jià)值。(2)研究了三維實(shí)體模型構(gòu)建的相關(guān)理論和技術(shù),對(duì)地理實(shí)體、實(shí)體對(duì)象模型以及實(shí)體空間關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié),在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了面向?qū)嶓w的三維建模技術(shù)以及三維實(shí)體模型的可視化方法,這些理論和技術(shù)的研究是三維實(shí)體模型構(gòu)建的重要基礎(chǔ)和依據(jù)。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了一種面向?qū)嶓w的三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型,從概念體系上對(duì)實(shí)體模型進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的定義,在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)體模型的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。實(shí)體模型由空間屬性、非空間屬性、空間關(guān)系、空間方法四個(gè)部分組成,在明確了實(shí)體模型的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)之后對(duì)實(shí)體模型的組織和管理方法做了深入的研究,包括模型LOD、模型空間R樹索引以及實(shí)體模型庫的構(gòu)建等,最后研究了實(shí)體三維模型的快速調(diào)度機(jī)制,有效地提高了實(shí)體模型的調(diào)度效率。(4)將三維實(shí)體模型應(yīng)用于復(fù)雜密集的城市空間,分析了城市空間地理實(shí)體的數(shù)據(jù)特征,在此基礎(chǔ)上采用分區(qū)分層的思路詳細(xì)研究了城市實(shí)體模型的構(gòu)建和組織方法,構(gòu)建城市實(shí)體三維模型庫,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了城市實(shí)體三維模型可視化系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)于實(shí)體三維模型的具體應(yīng)用以及3DGIS在城市空間的應(yīng)用具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the construction and application of spatial entity data model in 3DGIS. Three-dimensional spatial data model is the foundation and key of the development and application of 3DGIS. How to express the geographic space accurately and completely is an important problem in the research of 3D data model. Most of the existing data models focus on the geometric characteristics of spatial entities, but the representation of entity attributes and entity relationships is inadequate, and spatial attributes and spatial relationships are important contents of three-dimensional spatial analysis and application. Object-oriented 3D model is an important representation of 3D spatial data model. It can record the logical relations between entities, including spatial relations, semantic relations and so on, while expressing the geometric characteristics of spatial entities. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the existing data models, this paper studies and designs an entity oriented 3D spatial data model, and proposes a method of model data organization based on R-tree index. In this paper, the entity model library is constructed and the fast scheduling mechanism of the entity model is discussed. On this basis, the three-dimensional entity model is applied to the complex and dense urban space, and the construction and organization structure of the urban spatial entity model are studied. The 3D model base of urban entity is designed, and the efficient application of the model is realized. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the advantages and disadvantages of the existing 3D spatial data models are analyzed and summarized. It is found that the existing data models focus on the geometric features of geo-spatial entities, but the representation of entity attributes and spatial relationships is weak, while the entity-oriented data models represent the geometric features of entities at the same time. It can store and represent the attributes and spatial relationship of the entity. The entity 3D model takes the entity object as the core, encapsulates the geographical entity essential element characteristic in the object, is convenient for the deep level spatial analysis and the application, has the strong practical value.) has studied the three-dimensional entity model related theory and the technology. Based on the analysis and summary of geographic entity, entity object model and entity spatial relationship, the solid oriented 3D modeling technology and the visualization method of 3D solid model are studied. The research of these theories and techniques is an important foundation and basis for the construction of 3D solid model. A kind of object-oriented 3D spatial data model is designed, which is defined in detail from the concept system. On this basis, the organizational structure of the entity model is designed. The entity model is composed of four parts: spatial attribute, non-spatial attribute, spatial relation and spatial method. After defining the data structure of the entity model, the organization and management methods of the entity model are deeply studied. It includes model LOD, R-tree index in model space and the construction of entity model base. Finally, the fast scheduling mechanism of entity 3D model is studied. The scheduling efficiency of the entity model is improved effectively. (4) the three-dimensional entity model is applied to the complex and dense urban space, and the data characteristics of the urban spatial geographic entity are analyzed. On this basis, the method of constructing and organizing urban entity model is studied in detail, and the 3D model library of urban entity is constructed, and the visualization system of 3D model of urban entity is designed and realized. The realization of the system has some practical significance for the application of solid 3D model and the application of 3DGIS in urban space.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P208

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