本文選題：土地利用數(shù)據(jù) + 地圖綜合�。� 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：以質(zhì)取勝,以精立業(yè)。質(zhì)量是空間數(shù)據(jù)的生命,質(zhì)量問題產(chǎn)生于數(shù)據(jù)的采集、加工與分析應(yīng)用等多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),旨在對(duì)空間數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化處理的地圖綜合操作是空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量問題產(chǎn)生的重要來源之一,與數(shù)據(jù)采集、結(jié)構(gòu)化組織、參考系變換等一般性數(shù)據(jù)處理相比,地圖綜合對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生的影響要大得多。合理的地圖綜合要在空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量損失和質(zhì)量維護(hù)中求得平衡。針對(duì)地圖綜合結(jié)果的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)研究具有重要意義,該問題的研究與通用的空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)相比有其獨(dú)特性,表現(xiàn)在質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的對(duì)象、參考基準(zhǔn)、質(zhì)量問題的來源與評(píng)價(jià)模型等方面。 地圖綜合數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象包括以地形圖為目標(biāo)的通用空間數(shù)據(jù),也包括顧及語義特征表達(dá)的專題數(shù)據(jù),土地利用數(shù)據(jù)便是專題性空間數(shù)據(jù)的一種。與通用地圖綜合關(guān)注空間特征不同,土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)更多的關(guān)注專題屬性特征,涉及土地利用類型、行政級(jí)別、土地實(shí)體權(quán)屬等。目前針對(duì)地圖綜合空間特征質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的研究已有不少成果,然而對(duì)專題屬性特征的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),尚缺乏系統(tǒng)、深入的技術(shù)策略和方法研究。隨著全國(guó)第二次土地調(diào)查工作的完成,國(guó)土資源和城鎮(zhèn)化管理各業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)多尺度土地利用數(shù)據(jù)的需求日益增長(zhǎng),需要通過地圖綜合建立不同層次的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),如何評(píng)價(jià)不同尺度的土地利用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的可靠性,成為該領(lǐng)域亟需解決的問題。 本文以土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)為選題,針對(duì)尺度變換的特點(diǎn),在通用空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上拓展研究土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合產(chǎn)生的質(zhì)量問題。從地圖綜合的多因子約束出發(fā),對(duì)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合結(jié)果的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行深入分析,設(shè)計(jì)了質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的模型、算法,從量化的角度在微觀(單個(gè)對(duì)象)、中觀(要素群組)和宏觀(整個(gè)地圖)三個(gè)空間層次給出評(píng)價(jià)方法。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括： (1)在深入分析土地利用綜合結(jié)果質(zhì)量問題的來源、影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上提出了空間層次與約束相結(jié)合的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)二維體系。土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合結(jié)果的質(zhì)量問題主要體現(xiàn)為與綜合前數(shù)據(jù)在空間位置、拓?fù)�、語義、土地分類結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的不一致及面積失衡問題,本文由質(zhì)量問題出發(fā),基于綜合約束,對(duì)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合結(jié)果的三種幾何形態(tài)給出了質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)以及其在約束和空間層次下的二維體系。 (2)針對(duì)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合結(jié)果中的面要素,將三種空間層次下的綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)從圖形、統(tǒng)計(jì)、語義方面進(jìn)行了歸納,并針對(duì)每種指標(biāo)給出了對(duì)應(yīng)空間層次下的量化評(píng)價(jià)方法。 (3)研究了綜合前后面積平衡性保持和土地利用類型空間分布特征保持的評(píng)價(jià)方法。考慮到土地利用數(shù)據(jù)與區(qū)域特征的極大相關(guān)性,本文改進(jìn)了景觀指數(shù)分析方法,設(shè)計(jì)了基于空間關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系的土地分類權(quán)重體系支撐下的面積平衡性評(píng)價(jià)方法；考慮到土地利用分類所具有的空間自相關(guān)特性,本文引入探索性空間數(shù)據(jù)分析的方法,基于Moran's I指數(shù)進(jìn)行綜合前后數(shù)據(jù)各種地類的空間自相關(guān)分析,實(shí)現(xiàn)了土地分類空間分布特征保持的量化評(píng)價(jià)。 (4)歸納了土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合中語義質(zhì)量的四個(gè)方面：精度、一致性、完整性和相似性,設(shè)計(jì)了基于語義隸屬度變化的語義精度評(píng)價(jià)模型、基于面積變化的語義一致性評(píng)價(jià)模型、基于要素?cái)?shù)量變化的語義完整性評(píng)價(jià)模型和基于信息熵的語義相似性評(píng)價(jià)模型�？紤]到土地利用數(shù)據(jù)在語義上的層次化,設(shè)計(jì)了基于語義層次和有序量的混合隸屬度計(jì)算模型,給出了土地利用現(xiàn)狀分類體系的語義隸屬度矩陣,實(shí)現(xiàn)了三個(gè)空間層次下語義質(zhì)量的量化評(píng)價(jià)。 (5)設(shè)計(jì)了土地利用數(shù)據(jù)綜合結(jié)果質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)概念框架,將評(píng)價(jià)過程分為三步：要素特征的描述、評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的描述、評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的整合。構(gòu)建了三個(gè)空間層次下的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)模型,并給出了顧及尺度與區(qū)域特征的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)權(quán)重矩陣。使用兩個(gè)區(qū)域的第二次土地調(diào)查的多尺度綜合成果(基于DOMAP綜合軟件生成)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,試驗(yàn)證明本文提出的顧及空間分布模式與空間格局的統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)價(jià)方法能夠真實(shí)的反映數(shù)據(jù)在綜合后對(duì)土地分類空間分布特征的保持度,本文提出的基于混合隸屬度計(jì)算模型的語義質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法能夠揭示“綜合尺度跨度越大,綜合結(jié)果語義精度損失越多”的特征。 本文的研究將通用空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量問題拓展到專業(yè)性的數(shù)據(jù)加工處理中,針對(duì)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)的地圖綜合與尺度變換的特殊性從多個(gè)層次、多個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了研究,提出了三個(gè)空間層次下的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、評(píng)價(jià)模型和算法。本研究結(jié)合實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,基于第二次土地資源調(diào)查多尺度數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)成果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)選擇和權(quán)重設(shè)置,給出了量化的評(píng)價(jià)方法并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,具有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)際意義。對(duì)語義質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的研究和顧及空間分布模式與空間格局的統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)價(jià)方法在理論上是對(duì)已有空間數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)研究的補(bǔ)充。
[Abstract]:Quality is the life of spatial data, quality is the life of spatial data. Quality problems arise from data collection, processing and analysis and application. The integrated operation of maps, which aims at simplifying spatial data, is one of the important sources of spatial data quality problems, such as data collection, structured organization, reference system transformation and so on. Compared with the data processing, map synthesis has much greater impact on the quality of data. Reasonable map synthesis should be balanced in the quality loss and quality maintenance of spatial data. The study of data quality evaluation for comprehensive map results is of great significance, and the research of this problem is compared with the general spatial data quality evaluation. The uniqueness lies in the object of quality evaluation, the reference standard, the source of quality problems and the evaluation model.
The map comprehensive data object includes the general spatial data which aims at the topographic map, including the thematic data, which is expressed by the semantic features. The land use data is one of the thematic spatial data. And land use type, administrative level, land entity ownership and so on. At present, there have been many achievements in the study of map comprehensive spatial characteristics quality evaluation. However, the quality evaluation of the characteristics of thematic attributes is still lack of systematic, in-depth technical strategies and methods. With the completion of the second land survey work in China, land and resources and cities and towns The demand for multi scale land use data is growing increasingly. It is necessary to establish different levels of database through map synthesis. How to evaluate the reliability of land use database of different scales has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field.
Based on the characteristics of the scale transformation, the quality of land use data is developed on the basis of the characteristics of the scale transformation. Based on the multi factor constraints of map synthesis, the data quality of the comprehensive results of land use is analyzed, and the data quality of the comprehensive results of land use is analyzed. The quality evaluation model, algorithm, from the quantitative point of view in the micro (individual object), meso (element group) and macro (whole map) three spatial levels of evaluation methods. The main research content includes:
(1) on the basis of in-depth analysis of the source and influence factors of the quality problems of comprehensive land use results, the quality evaluation index system of spatial hierarchy and constraints is proposed. The quality problems of the comprehensive results of land use data are mainly reflected in the spatial position, topology, semantics and land classification structure of the comprehensive data of the land use data. The problem of inconsistency and area imbalance is based on the quality problem. Based on the comprehensive constraints, the quality evaluation index and the two-dimensional system under the constraints and the spatial levels are given for the three geometric forms of the comprehensive results of the land use data.
(2) in view of the surface elements in the comprehensive results of land use data, the comprehensive evaluation indexes under three kinds of spatial levels are summarized from the aspects of graphics, statistics and semantics, and the quantitative evaluation methods under the corresponding spatial levels are given for each index.
(3) the evaluation method of area balance retention and spatial distribution characteristics of land use types before and after comprehensive is studied. Considering the great correlation between land use data and regional characteristics, this paper improves the method of landscape index analysis, and designs an area balance evaluation under the support of soil classification weight system based on Spatial correlation. Price method; taking into account the spatial autocorrelation characteristics of land use classification, this paper introduces the method of exploratory spatial data analysis, and based on the Moran's I index to carry out spatial autocorrelation analysis of various types of data, and realizes the quantitative evaluation of the spatial distribution characteristics of the land classification.
(4) generalizes the four aspects of semantic quality in land use data synthesis: accuracy, consistency, integrity and similarity. The semantic accuracy evaluation model based on the change of semantic membership degree is designed, semantic consistency evaluation model based on area change, semantic integrity evaluation model based on the change of element quantity and information entropy based language The semantic similarity evaluation model. Considering the semantic hierarchy of land use data, a mixed membership degree calculation model based on the semantic level and the ordered quantity is designed, and the semantic membership matrix of the land use status classification system is given, and the quantitative evaluation of the semantic quality under three spatial levels is realized.
(5) the conceptual framework of the comprehensive results quality evaluation of land use data is designed. The evaluation process is divided into three steps: the description of the characteristics of the factors, the description of the evaluation indexes, the integration of the evaluation results. The quality evaluation model under three spatial levels is constructed, and the weight matrix of the evaluation indexes, taking into account the scale and the regional characteristics, is given. Two areas are used. The multi scale comprehensive results of the second land survey (based on the DOMAP integrated software generation) are verified. The experiment proves that the statistical evaluation method, which is proposed in this paper, can reflect the retention of the spatial distribution characteristics of the land classification, which is based on the mixture of spatial distribution patterns and spatial patterns. The semantic quality assessment method of membership computing model can reveal the characteristics of "the larger the comprehensive scale span and the more the semantic precision loss of the comprehensive result".
The research of this paper extends the problem of general spatial data quality to the professional data processing. In view of the particularity of map synthesis and scale transformation of land use data from multiple levels and several indexes, the quality evaluation index, evaluation model and algorithm under three spatial levels are put forward. According to the demand, the evaluation index selection and weight setting are carried out based on the multi scale database results of the second land resources survey. The quantitative evaluation method is given and the experimental verification is carried out. The research on the semantic quality evaluation and the statistical evaluation method of spatial distribution pattern and spatial pattern are in theory. It is a supplement to the quality evaluation of existing spatial data.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;F301.2

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