本文選題：汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù) + 多GPS　； 參考：《西華大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)是汽車運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的直接體現(xiàn)，它不僅在汽車性能分析評(píng)價(jià)中具有重要的意義，同時(shí)它還是汽車上一些關(guān)鍵電控裝置，如ESP等的控制參數(shù)。一直以來對(duì)汽車各種動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量不僅是測(cè)試系統(tǒng)開發(fā)方面的需求，也是汽車性能提升的關(guān)鍵，由于傳感器技術(shù)或成本方面的限制，對(duì)汽車各種動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的直接測(cè)量也有一定的限制。因此研究低成本、高精度、高可靠性的汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量方法具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義及理論價(jià)值。 本文旨在利用GPS信號(hào)作為基本參數(shù)將多GPS之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行拓展，研究基于單一GPS信號(hào)的汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量方法。首先系統(tǒng)地研究了多GPS的架構(gòu)以及多GPS測(cè)量定位參數(shù)與汽車關(guān)鍵動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)之間關(guān)系，為了有效的消除GPS定位誤差，利用多GPS架構(gòu)之間的幾何約束關(guān)系，提出了一種測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)矯正方法。該方法分為初始矯正及實(shí)時(shí)矯正兩個(gè)模塊，可以有效的保證多GPS之間的相對(duì)位置和汽車運(yùn)行軌跡的精確性。 基于多GPS架構(gòu)，用三個(gè)GPS構(gòu)成了汽車關(guān)鍵動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量系統(tǒng)。為驗(yàn)證測(cè)量的正確性，在測(cè)試系統(tǒng)硬件中植入了姿態(tài)航向參考系統(tǒng)（陀螺儀），在此基礎(chǔ)上還建立了多種多GPS構(gòu)架分析，如直角三角形、等邊三角形，并考慮不同邊長(zhǎng)等因素的影響。 利用LabVIEW軟件平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。該軟件設(shè)計(jì)中主要包含了：串口通信、數(shù)據(jù)采集矯正方法及基于GPS的汽車定位參數(shù)計(jì)算等關(guān)鍵模塊。該系統(tǒng)根據(jù)單一GPS信號(hào)進(jìn)行了汽車運(yùn)行軌跡、車速、橫擺角速度、質(zhì)心側(cè)偏角、側(cè)向加速度以及轉(zhuǎn)向半徑等關(guān)鍵動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量。 最后利用實(shí)車進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證工作，根據(jù)汽車操縱性評(píng)價(jià)的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，利用多GPS架構(gòu)的測(cè)量系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)態(tài)回轉(zhuǎn)、蛇形及轉(zhuǎn)向輕便性三個(gè)試驗(yàn)。在測(cè)試系統(tǒng)中還采集了陀螺儀的數(shù)據(jù)，作為比較多GPS構(gòu)架所測(cè)量的動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的基準(zhǔn)。通過實(shí)車測(cè)試完成了汽車行駛軌跡、車速、橫擺角速度、質(zhì)心側(cè)偏角、側(cè)向加速度以及轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑等汽車關(guān)鍵動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量。 通過測(cè)量結(jié)果對(duì)比，表明了當(dāng)前開發(fā)的多GPS架構(gòu)的汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)不僅能完成汽車上關(guān)鍵動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)的測(cè)量，還具有單一數(shù)據(jù)融合度好、精度高和可靠性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。 對(duì)多GPS架構(gòu)的汽車動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)測(cè)量的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法以及多GPS布置形式等的研究，為后續(xù)應(yīng)用提供了可靠地依據(jù)，，為進(jìn)一步的汽車性能評(píng)價(jià)及控制系統(tǒng)開發(fā)打下了一定的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The vehicle dynamic parameter is the direct embodiment of the vehicle running state. It is not only of great significance in the analysis and evaluation of the vehicle performance, but also the control parameter of some key electronic control devices on the vehicle, such as ESP and so on. The measurement of vehicle dynamic parameters is not only the requirement of the development of the test system, but also the key to improve the performance of the vehicle, because of the limitation of sensor technology or cost. The direct measurement of vehicle dynamic parameters also has some limitations. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and theoretical value to study the measurement method of automobile dynamic parameters with low cost, high precision and high reliability. The purpose of this paper is to extend the relationship between multiple GPS by using GPS signal as the basic parameter, and to study the measurement method of vehicle dynamic parameters based on single GPS signal. Firstly, the architecture of multiple GPS and the relationship between the measurement parameters of multiple GPS and the key dynamic parameters of vehicle are systematically studied. In order to eliminate the positioning error of GPS effectively, the geometric constraint relationship between multiple GPS structures is used. A correction method of measurement data is proposed. This method can be divided into two modules: initial correction and real time correction, which can effectively guarantee the relative position between multiple GPS and the accuracy of vehicle track. Based on multiple GPS architecture, the measurement system of key dynamic parameters of automobile is constructed with three GPS. In order to verify the correctness of the measurement, the attitude heading reference system (gyroscope) is implanted in the hardware of the test system. On the basis of this, many kinds of GPS frame analysis are established, such as right triangle, equilateral triangle, etc. And consider the influence of different side length and other factors. The vehicle dynamic parameter measurement system is developed by using LabVIEW software platform. The software design includes several key modules, such as serial communication, data acquisition and correction, and vehicle positioning parameter calculation based on GPS. Based on a single GPS signal, the key dynamic parameters, such as vehicle track, vehicle speed, yaw velocity, centroid deflection angle, lateral acceleration and steering radius, are measured. According to the national standards of vehicle maneuverability evaluation, three tests of steady state rotation, snake shape and steering portability are carried out by using multi- measurement system. The data of gyroscope are also collected in the test system, which can be used as the datum of dynamic parameters measured by more GPS frames. The key dynamic parameters of the vehicle, such as track, speed, yaw velocity, centroid angle, lateral acceleration and turning radius, are measured by real vehicle test. Through the comparison of the measurement results, it is shown that the vehicle dynamic parameter measurement system with multiple GPS architecture can not only measure the key dynamic parameters on the vehicle, but also has the characteristics of good integration of single data, high precision and high reliability. The research on the data processing method of vehicle dynamic parameter measurement based on multiple GPS architecture and the layout of multiple GPS provides a reliable basis for the subsequent application and lays a foundation for the further development of vehicle performance evaluation and control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4;U467.4

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