本文選題：網(wǎng)絡RTK + 誤差改正數(shù)��； 參考：《解放軍信息工程大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文針對VRS定位過程中各種誤差改正數(shù)算法及精度展開研究，介紹了幾種常規(guī)的空間內(nèi)插模型，總結(jié)了多路徑誤差、接收機觀測噪聲、天線載波相位中心偏差三種非空間相關(guān)誤差產(chǎn)生的原因及削弱方法。對軌道誤差、電離層延遲誤差、對流層延遲誤差三種空間相關(guān)誤差的改正數(shù)算法進行了研究。重點對電離層延遲誤差和對流層延遲誤差兩種改正模型的可行性進行了實驗分析。論文的主要研究內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新點可總結(jié)如下： 1、詳細闡述了近十年來主要的四種空間相關(guān)誤差內(nèi)插模型：線性組合模型（LCM）、距離相關(guān)模型（DIM）、低階表面擬合模型（LSM）和線性內(nèi)插模型（LIM），并對其內(nèi)插效果以及應用特點進行了總結(jié)。 2、對CORS(Continuous Operational Reference System)網(wǎng)絡數(shù)據(jù)觀測和處理過程中存在的多路徑誤差、接收機觀測噪聲、天線載波相位中心偏差三種非空間相關(guān)誤差產(chǎn)生的原因及其削弱、消除的方法進行了介紹。 3、總結(jié)分析了常規(guī)內(nèi)插方法在衛(wèi)星軌道誤差修正過程中存在的不足，介紹了ARS/VRS改正數(shù)計算模型，并對其進行了理論分析。 4、研究了VRS定位中電離層延遲改正數(shù)算法，針對電離層延遲雙差殘差與基線長度以及衛(wèi)星高度角之間存在的變化關(guān)系進行了研究，，并將幾種常規(guī)空間內(nèi)插模型應用于電離層延遲改正數(shù)計算中，結(jié)合實驗對各模型的穩(wěn)定性和修正精度進行了比對分析，結(jié)果表明LIM模型效果較優(yōu)。 5、針對中小尺度電離層行擾（MSTIDs）對CORS定位產(chǎn)生的影響進行了研究，提出一種附加了時域信息的電離層延遲誤差預報模型，并通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)對其進行了驗證分析。實驗結(jié)果表明：在MSTIDs活躍時段，預報模型與常規(guī)模型相比，其電離層延遲最大改正量可從0.2m提高到0.05m，大大降低了MSTIDs的影響。研究了模型預報周期的長短對模型精度的影響，結(jié)果表明：對于60km以上距離的中長尺度CORS網(wǎng)絡，采用90s預報周期的電離層延遲預報模型可以將改正數(shù)計算精度由0.05~0.07m提高到大約0.02m。 6、針對對流層雙差殘差與基線長度、測站高差以及衛(wèi)星高度角之間存在的變化關(guān)系進行了算例分析，結(jié)合實測數(shù)據(jù)將幾種常規(guī)空間內(nèi)插模型應用于對流層改正數(shù)計算中，并對各內(nèi)插模型的實驗結(jié)果進行了比對分析。 7、在對流層延遲改正數(shù)計算過程中，針對測站間高程差異對常規(guī)內(nèi)插模型造成的高程方向偏差進行了研究和實驗分析，提出一種基于常規(guī)空間內(nèi)插模型的對流層延遲高程方向偏差修正模型，并結(jié)合實驗數(shù)據(jù)對其可行性進行了研究。實驗結(jié)果表明，對于高度角大于25°的目標衛(wèi)星，在流動站與參考站高程差異接近于800m時，其內(nèi)插精度能夠保持在7~8cm以內(nèi)，較之常規(guī)的LIM模型精度提高了大約1~2cm，能夠準確的計算出流動站處對流層延遲雙差值，在應用上是可行的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the research of various error correction algorithms and accuracy in VRS positioning process, several conventional spatial interpolation models are introduced, and the multipath error and receiver observation noise are summarized. The causes and weakening methods of three kinds of non-spatial correlation errors of antenna carrier phase center deviation. The correction algorithms of three spatial correlation errors, orbit error, ionospheric delay error and tropospheric delay error, are studied. The feasibility of two correction models of ionospheric delay error and tropospheric delay error is analyzed experimentally. The main contents and innovations of this thesis can be summarized as follows: 1. Four main spatial correlation error interpolation models in recent ten years are described in detail: linear combination model, distance correlation model, low order surface fitting model and linear interpolation model. The interpolation effect and application characteristics are summarized. 2. The causes of non-spatial correlation errors, such as multipath error, receiver observation noise and antenna carrier phase center deviation, in the course of data observation and processing in CORS(Continuous Operational Reference System) network, are introduced, and the methods to eliminate them are also introduced. 3. The shortcomings of the conventional interpolation method in the correction of satellite orbit error are summarized and analyzed. The calculation model of ARS/VRS correction is introduced, and the theoretical analysis is carried out. 4. The algorithm of ionospheric delay correction in VRS positioning is studied, and the relationship between the residual of ionospheric delay and the length of the baseline and the satellite altitude angle is studied. Several conventional spatial interpolation models are applied to the calculation of ionospheric delay corrections. The stability and correction accuracy of each model are compared and analyzed by experiments. The results show that the LIM model is more effective. 5. The influence of mesoscale ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) on CORS location is studied, and a prediction model of ionospheric delay error with time-domain information is proposed, which is verified and analyzed by experimental data. The experimental results show that the maximum correction of ionospheric delay can be increased from 0.2 m to 0.05 m in the active period of MSTIDs, which greatly reduces the influence of MSTIDs. The effect of the length of the model prediction period on the accuracy of the model is studied. The results show that the ionospheric delay prediction model with 90 s prediction period can improve the accuracy of correction calculation from 0.05 ~ 0.07m to about 0.02m for the meso-long scale CORS network with the distance above 60km. 6. An example is given to analyze the relationship between tropospheric double difference residuals and baseline length, station height difference and satellite altitude angle. Several conventional spatial interpolation models are applied to the calculation of tropospheric corrections in combination with measured data. The experimental results of each interpolation model are compared and analyzed. 7. In the course of calculating tropospheric delay correction, the deviation of elevation direction caused by the conventional interpolation model is studied and experimentally analyzed according to the height difference between stations. A tropospheric delayed elevation deviation correction model based on conventional spatial interpolation model is proposed, and the feasibility of the model is studied in combination with experimental data. The experimental results show that when the height difference between mobile station and reference station is close to 800m, the interpolation accuracy of target satellite with altitude greater than 25 擄can be kept within 7~8cm. Compared with the conventional LIM model, the accuracy of the model is improved by about 1 ~ 2 cm, and the double difference of tropospheric delay at the mobile station can be calculated accurately, which is feasible in application.
【學位授予單位】：解放軍信息工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4

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