本文選題：地形素描 + 景深綜合��； 參考：《南京師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地形素描是以素描寫景的形式對自然地表及其形態(tài)特征進行的表達,由于其具有簡潔性、可讀性、抽象性與藝術性的基本特征,成為地理學家描述地表特征,特別是地形地貌特征的有效方式。在攝影技術高度發(fā)達的今天,仍得到廣泛的應用。傳統的地形素描多通過手工繪制所得,隨著計算機圖形圖像技術的發(fā)展,已經有學者研究基于側視影像或數字高程模型數據制作地形素描的方法。但是前人的方法普遍忽略素描中關鍵問題,即地形素描中存在景深綜合問題。地形素描不僅僅是對地形結構特征的有選擇性的視覺抽象,作為高度凝練的表達載體,還蘊含了視覺中遠近相異的自然綜合規(guī)律。視覺景深的遠近對素描表達的信息量具有決定作用,即越近細節(jié)越豐富,越遠細節(jié)越模糊,即景深綜合。如何以計算機數字化的思維去審視與實現地形素描的自動化繪制、有效地表達出地形素描所蘊含的視覺自然綜合規(guī)律是本研究的重點內容。鑒于此,本研究從形態(tài)特征和視覺特征的角度分別對地形素描進行了分析,建立了地形素描特征要素的概念模型,并基于數字高程模型提出了地形素描特征要素的提取算法;分析了人類視覺自然綜合的基本規(guī)律,定義了地形素描綜合的決定因子,并基于地形素描的特點,分別提出了地形素描特征要素的景深綜合算法和地形表面的景深綜合算法,該景深綜合算法均以圖形要素的綜合為實現方法；開發(fā)了基于DEM的地形素描三維場景渲染軟件,模擬了三維場景中地形素描的表達與景深綜合處理,對模型和算法進行了有效地檢驗。本研究的主要研究內容及工作包括：1.提出并實現了基于地形骨架線和視覺輪廓線的地形素描算法基于對地形的結構特征分析與視覺特征分析,將地形骨架線作為地形素描的特征要素之一,運用數字地形分析方法進行有效地提取。同時,基于DEM的數據特點和輪廓線的視覺特點,提出了視覺輪廓線的替代性提取算法,使得視覺輪廓線以線結構進行有效的表達。2.提出并實現了基于視覺景深的地形素描綜合算法對視覺自然綜合的規(guī)律進行特征分析,提出了對綜合過程具有控制作用的因子,并以此從地形素描特征要素和地形表面這兩個角度出發(fā),提出并實現了地形素描的景深綜合算法。3.開發(fā)了基于DEM的地形素描三維場景渲染軟件在VS2013集成開發(fā)環(huán)境下利用C++程序設計語言,結合圖形渲染庫OpenGL開發(fā)了三維地形素描渲染系統,實現了地形素描特征要素的提取、素描場景的表達和素描的景深綜合。
[Abstract]:Topographic sketch is the expression of the natural surface and its morphological characteristics in the form of sketch. Because of its simplicity, readability, abstraction and artistry, it has become a geologist's description of surface features. In particular, the effective manner of landform features. In the photography technology is highly developed today, still get widespread application. With the development of computer graphics and image technology, some scholars have studied the method of making terrain sketch based on side-view image or digital elevation model data. However, the previous methods generally ignore the key problems in sketch, that is, depth of field synthesis in topographic sketch. Topographic sketch is not only a selective visual abstraction of the features of terrain structure, but also a highly condensed expression carrier, and it also contains different natural comprehensive laws in vision. The distance of visual depth of field plays a decisive role in the amount of information expressed by sketch, that is, the closer the details are, the more the details become blurred, that is, the depth of field synthesis. How to use the thinking of computer digitization to examine and realize the automatic drawing of terrain sketch and effectively express the law of visual nature synthesis contained in terrain sketch is the key content of this study. In view of this, this study analyzes the terrain sketch from the angle of the morphological feature and the visual feature, establishes the concept model of the terrain sketch feature element, and puts forward the extraction algorithm of the terrain sketch feature element based on the digital elevation model. This paper analyzes the basic law of natural synthesis of human vision, defines the determinant factor of terrain sketch synthesis, and based on the characteristics of terrain sketch, puts forward the depth of field synthesis algorithm of terrain sketch feature element and the depth of field synthesis algorithm of terrain surface, respectively. The algorithm of depth of field synthesis is based on the synthesis of graphic elements, and a terrain sketch 3D scene rendering software based on DEM is developed, which simulates the representation of terrain sketch and the comprehensive processing of depth of field in 3D scene. The model and algorithm are tested effectively. The main contents and work of this study include: 1. A terrain sketch algorithm based on terrain skeleton line and visual contour line is proposed and implemented. The terrain skeleton line is considered as one of the features of terrain sketch based on the analysis of the structure and visual features of the terrain. The method of digital terrain analysis is used to extract effectively. At the same time, based on the data characteristics of DEM and the visual characteristics of contours, an alternative extraction algorithm of visual contours is proposed, which makes the visual contours express effectively by line structure. A terrain sketch synthesis algorithm based on visual depth of field is proposed and implemented to analyze the characteristics of the law of visual natural synthesis, and the factors that control the synthesis process are put forward. Based on the characteristics of terrain sketch and terrain surface, an algorithm of depth of field synthesis for topographic sketch is proposed and implemented. The terrain sketch 3D scene rendering software based on DEM is developed using C programming language under the VS2013 integrated development environment, and the 3D terrain sketch rendering system is developed in combination with the graphic rendering library OpenGL, which realizes the extraction of terrain sketch feature elements. Sketch scene expression and sketch depth of field synthesis.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P284;P209

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1797881