本文選題：無人機(jī) + 視頻地理編碼��； 參考：《中國測繪科學(xué)研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,無人機(jī)遙感正逐步成為衛(wèi)星遙感、有人機(jī)遙感和地面遙感的有效補(bǔ)充手段,尤其是在應(yīng)急測繪領(lǐng)域無人機(jī)遙感表現(xiàn)突出。盡管無人機(jī)具有機(jī)動性強(qiáng)、實時性高等特點,但通常要等到無人機(jī)降落后才能獲取影像數(shù)據(jù)。隨著無線傳輸技術(shù)的發(fā)展,無人機(jī)搭載視頻傳感器獲取的視頻數(shù)據(jù)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)實時下傳,為應(yīng)急救災(zāi)提供第一時間的數(shù)據(jù)資料,但由于缺少地理信息,視頻僅僅作為輔助信息供指揮者參考,限制了其潛在的應(yīng)用價值。視頻與地理信息的結(jié)合是近年來的一個研究熱點,它不僅有助于視頻的空間定位與分析,而且還拓展了地理空間的表達(dá)方法�；谏鲜龇治�,本文研究無人機(jī)視頻時空地理信息編碼技術(shù)方法,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了一套無人機(jī)視頻地理編碼系統(tǒng),主要工作內(nèi)容包括:(1)視頻傳感器與無人機(jī)平臺集成與測試:主要包括飛行平臺、傳感器的選型與集成安裝,數(shù)據(jù)無線同步傳輸通信鏈路的建立等,最終形成一套無人機(jī)視頻與地理信息數(shù)據(jù)編碼系統(tǒng)。(2)地理視頻數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊開發(fā):在VS2010開發(fā)環(huán)境中利用Xtreme Imaging SDK、OpenCV庫、GDAL庫、MFC庫等實現(xiàn)地理視頻數(shù)據(jù)接收、顯示、存儲,同時采用固定時間間隔提取關(guān)鍵幀,并采用基于時間索引和線性插值方法建立視頻幀與地理信息的對應(yīng)關(guān)系;利用地理信息對視頻幀進(jìn)行正射糾正,再將糾正后的正射影像基于特征匹配進(jìn)行拼接。(3)地理視頻數(shù)據(jù)與地理信息平臺的集成:根據(jù)不同應(yīng)用場景,選取商業(yè)電子地圖和自主研發(fā)的三維地理信息應(yīng)急指揮系統(tǒng)作為地理信息平臺分別與地理視頻進(jìn)行集成,其中地理視頻與三維地理信息應(yīng)急指揮系統(tǒng)是交互集成的,就是既可以利用3D顯示技術(shù)實時展示視頻采集瞬間的位置與姿態(tài),同時疊加正射糾正后的視頻關(guān)鍵幀,又能在三維平臺上利用坐標(biāo)或者時間兩種模式檢索特定區(qū)域的視頻片段及視頻幀。另外針對無地理信息的視頻數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計了基于參考影像的單幀影像多項式糾正,實現(xiàn)了無地理信息視頻幀的空間定位。本文設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了一套無人機(jī)視頻地理編碼系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)在無人機(jī)平臺上搭載高清視頻傳感器和定姿定位模塊實時獲取帶有地理信息的視頻序列影像,第一時間為應(yīng)急救災(zāi)指揮提供數(shù)據(jù)資料,同時視頻與地理信息平臺的集成既實現(xiàn)了視頻的空間定位,又增強(qiáng)了地理空間表達(dá)的真實感。最后在福建閩清縣開展飛行實驗,實驗結(jié)果表明無人機(jī)視頻地理編碼系統(tǒng)在實際應(yīng)用中具有可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, UAV remote sensing is gradually becoming satellite remote sensing, there are effective supplementary means of man-machine remote sensing and ground remote sensing, especially in emergency mapping field UAV remote sensing performance is outstanding.Although UAVs have the characteristics of high maneuverability and high real-time performance, they usually wait until the UAV lands to obtain image data.With the development of wireless transmission technology, the video data obtained by UAV with video sensor can be transmitted down in real time, which can provide the first time data for emergency relief, but because of the lack of geographic information,Video is only used as auxiliary information for commander's reference, which limits its potential application value.The combination of video and geographic information is a hot research topic in recent years. It is not only helpful to the spatial location and analysis of video, but also extends the representation method of geographical space.Based on the above analysis, this paper studies the technology of UAV video space-time geographic information coding, and designs and implements a set of UAV video geocoding system.The main work includes the integration and testing of video sensor and UAV platform, including flight platform, sensor selection and integrated installation, data wireless synchronous transmission communication link establishment, etc.Finally, a set of UAV video and geographic information coding system. 2) the development of geographic video data processing module: in the VS2010 development environment, the GIS video data can be received, displayed and stored by using Xtreme Imaging SDKO OpenCV library and GDAL library, etc.At the same time, the key frames are extracted at fixed time intervals, and the corresponding relationship between video frames and geographic information is established based on time index and linear interpolation.Then the corrected orthophoto image is stitched up based on feature matching. 3) the geographic video data is integrated with the geographic information platform: according to different application scenarios,The commercial electronic map and the 3D geographic information emergency command system developed by ourselves are selected as the geographic information platform to integrate with the geographic video respectively, in which the geographic video and the three-dimensional geographic information emergency command system are interactively integrated.That is, not only can we use 3D display technology to display the position and attitude of the moment of video capture in real time, and at the same time, we can also stack the key frames of the video after positive shooting correction.It can also retrieve video fragments and frames in a specific region by using coordinate or time mode on 3D platform.In addition, for the video data without geographic information, a single frame image polynomial correction based on reference image is designed to realize the spatial location of the video frame without geographic information.In this paper, a video geographic coding system for UAV is designed and implemented. The system uses high-definition video sensor and orientation positioning module to acquire video sequence images with geographic information on UAV platform in real time.At the same time, the integration of video and geographic information platform not only realizes the spatial location of video, but also enhances the sense of reality of geographical space expression.Finally, a flight experiment was carried out in Minqing County, Fujian Province. The experimental results show that the UAV video geographic coding system is feasible in practical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國測繪科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P237

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