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無人機(jī)航測技術(shù)在土地綜合整治中的應(yīng)用研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-04-18 00:15

  本文選題:土地綜合整治 + 無人機(jī)影像 ; 參考:《長沙理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文


【摘要】:土地綜合整治作為調(diào)整土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)土地合理利用的重要手段,在提高土地利用率、實(shí)現(xiàn)土地資源的合理配置等方面起到了重要作用。而無人機(jī)航測技術(shù)是一種新型高效的土地開發(fā)整治工程勘察技術(shù)手段,擁有高機(jī)動(dòng)性、低成本、實(shí)時(shí)對地觀測等眾多優(yōu)勢,無人機(jī)航測技術(shù)在土地綜合整理工程測繪等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。 本文以無人機(jī)航攝數(shù)據(jù)為研究對象,以湖南省寧鄉(xiāng)縣大成橋鄉(xiāng)土地整理項(xiàng)目為依托,采用無人機(jī)航攝手段,獲取大成橋鄉(xiāng)土地整理后的影像數(shù)據(jù)。利用PixelGrid軟件對影像進(jìn)行了空三加密,在此基礎(chǔ)上制作了研究區(qū)的正射影像圖,并進(jìn)行了精度評(píng)價(jià),獲得較好效果。然后將面向?qū)ο蠓诸惣夹g(shù)應(yīng)用到研究區(qū)地物信息提取中,利用專業(yè)的影像分析軟件eCognition,參照《土地整理驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》,將研究區(qū)土地類型分為耕地、林地、居民地、裸地、道路、水體六大類型,并進(jìn)行了各類地物的信息提取,完成了研究區(qū)的土地利用分類圖,通過隨機(jī)取樣點(diǎn)在實(shí)地調(diào)查,對土地利用分類圖的精度進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明地物分類精度較高,并且分類過程也快速、準(zhǔn)確。 本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下: 1.研究了針對無人機(jī)影像的快速處理技術(shù),包括空中三角測量的基本流程、制作正射影像圖的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和基本流程。利用PixelGrid軟件進(jìn)行了研究區(qū)的無人機(jī)影像高精度空三加密,并制作完成了研究區(qū)的1:2000正射影像圖。 2.研究了面向?qū)ο蟮男畔⑻崛〖夹g(shù)在高分辨率無人機(jī)影像中的應(yīng)用,針對無人機(jī)影像的特點(diǎn),研究了較適用的影像分割尺度和各類地物特征規(guī)則,,利用eCognition軟件對研究區(qū)的各類地物進(jìn)行了信息提取,通過精度檢驗(yàn),獲得較好的效果,成果將面向?qū)ο蟮募夹g(shù)應(yīng)用到無人機(jī)影像中。 3.將無人機(jī)航測技術(shù)運(yùn)用到土地開發(fā)整理項(xiàng)目中去,利用無人機(jī)獲取的研究區(qū)影像制作了土地利用分類圖,可以作為土地整理項(xiàng)目竣工驗(yàn)收的基礎(chǔ)資料。無人機(jī)技術(shù)的成功應(yīng)用,也大大提高了土地整理工作的工作效率,可在實(shí)際工作中廣泛推廣。 本文成功將無人機(jī)航測技術(shù)應(yīng)用到土地開發(fā)整理項(xiàng)目中,獲得了良好的效果,與傳統(tǒng)方法相比,工作效率得到大幅度的提高,無論在航空攝影測量理論方面還是在土地開發(fā)整理項(xiàng)目實(shí)際工作方面,都有著重要的借鑒和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:As an important means to adjust the structure of land use and promote the rational use of land, comprehensive land regulation plays an important role in improving the utilization ratio of land and realizing the rational allocation of land resources.UAV aerial survey technology is a new and efficient means of land development and renovation engineering survey, with many advantages, such as high mobility, low cost, real time observation and so on.UAV aerial survey technology has been widely used in land consolidation engineering surveying and mapping.In this paper, the aerial aerial data of UAV is taken as the research object, the land consolidation project of Dachengqiao Township in Ningxiang County of Hunan Province is taken as the basis, the aerial aerial aerial photography method of UAV is used to obtain the image data of the land consolidation in Dachengqiao Township.On the basis of the space-triple encryption of the image with PixelGrid software, the orthophoto image of the research area is made, and the accuracy evaluation is carried out, and a good result is obtained.Then the object oriented classification technology is applied to the information extraction of the research area, and the land types in the study area are divided into cultivated land, woodland, residential land, bare land, road, using the professional image analysis software eCognition. referring to the acceptance criterion of land consolidation, the study area is divided into three types: farmland, woodland, residential land, bare land and road.Six types of water body, and the information extraction of all kinds of features were carried out, the land use classification map of the study area was completed, and the accuracy of the land use classification map was verified through the field investigation of random sampling points.The results show that the classification accuracy is high, and the classification process is fast and accurate.The main contents and achievements of this thesis are as follows:1.The rapid processing technology of UAV image including the basic flow of aerial triangulation and the key technology and basic flow of making orthophoto image are studied.In this paper, PixelGrid software is used to encrypt the UAV image with high precision, and the 1: 2000 orthophoto image of the research area is made.2.The application of object oriented information extraction technology in high resolution UAV image is studied. According to the characteristics of UAV image, the suitable image segmentation scale and feature rules of all kinds of ground objects are studied.ECognition software is used to extract the information of all kinds of ground objects in the research area, and good results are obtained by testing the accuracy. The results show that the object-oriented technology is applied to UAV images.3.The aerial survey technology of UAV is applied to the land development and consolidation project, and the classification map of land use is made by using the image of the research area obtained by the UAV, which can be used as the basic data for the completion and acceptance of the land consolidation project.The successful application of UAV technology greatly improves the efficiency of land consolidation and can be widely used in practical work.In this paper, the UAV aerial survey technology has been successfully applied to the land development and consolidation project, and good results have been obtained. Compared with the traditional methods, the work efficiency has been greatly improved.Both the theory of aerial photogrammetry and the practical work of land development and consolidation project have important reference and guiding significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號(hào)】:F301.2;P231

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