發(fā)布時間：2018-04-14 13:33

  本文選題：電子地圖 + GNSS��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，新技術(shù)在人們的日常生活中起的作用越來越大。電子地圖(指一般的電子地圖，包括PC機上進行瀏覽使用的電子地圖、手機上所使用的電子地圖和軟件等，同時也支持定位和導(dǎo)航)和導(dǎo)航電子地圖(主要是指用于車載導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中，能夠為汽車等提供實時線路導(dǎo)航的電子地圖)的應(yīng)用也越來越廣泛。人們的出行、旅游、周邊購物等都對電子地圖的依賴程度增強，通過電子地圖能夠快速找到感興區(qū)，方便人們的生活。因此，如何快速高效實時的更新電子地圖信息亦然成了一個熱門話題。 本文基于上述需求，以如何更新電子地圖的道路數(shù)據(jù)為目的，，結(jié)合個人、客運公司或出租車公司等發(fā)送來的GNSS線路數(shù)據(jù)，在對這些數(shù)據(jù)進行處理之后，利用矢量電子地圖、衛(wèi)星影像或外界媒體報道及規(guī)劃圖等來判定所獲得線路數(shù)據(jù)的真?zhèn)巍Ｗ詈�，在開放電子地圖中進行道路數(shù)據(jù)更新試驗，驗證了該方法的實用性和可操作性。 本文擬解決的問題如下： 1)解決如何實時保持電子地圖道路數(shù)據(jù)的現(xiàn)勢性問題； 2)解決如何快速高效的更新電子地圖的道路數(shù)據(jù)問題； 3)解決如何對所獲取的線路數(shù)據(jù)進行準(zhǔn)確識別與處理的問題； 4)解決如何能夠低成本低投入的進行電子地圖道路數(shù)據(jù)的更新問題。 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 1)電子地圖更新數(shù)據(jù)源：常規(guī)電子地圖一般采用地形圖或衛(wèi)星影像作為地圖數(shù)據(jù)更新源，這些數(shù)據(jù)源要么現(xiàn)勢性太差，要么成本過高，這給實時更新電子地圖數(shù)據(jù)增加了難度和成本。本文以GNSS數(shù)據(jù)作為數(shù)據(jù)源能夠大大節(jié)約更新難度和成本，且能提高生產(chǎn)效率； 2)篩選電子地圖更新源數(shù)據(jù)：在獲得GNSS線路數(shù)據(jù)后需要對數(shù)據(jù)進行篩選，結(jié)合原始道路電子地圖、衛(wèi)星影像或新聞報道將假數(shù)據(jù)或不合理數(shù)據(jù)剔除，留下滿足要求可供電子地圖更新的數(shù)據(jù)； 3)公路等級判定：結(jié)合所獲得的GNSS線路數(shù)據(jù)能夠?qū)返燃夁M行初步判定。通過線路的走向能夠判斷道路的車道數(shù)，通過各自的分道行駛能夠判定道路中間是否有隔離，通過車速和車道數(shù)以及位置等信息能夠判斷道路的等級信息； 4)彎道處理：道路不是簡單的直線，而是錯綜復(fù)雜縱橫交錯的路網(wǎng)。結(jié)合彎道的設(shè)計特點，提出了能夠有效采集彎道數(shù)據(jù)的合理方法； 5)道路曲線擬合：道路不是以一條一條的折線組成，而是由直線或緩和曲線構(gòu)成，故需對所獲得的線路數(shù)據(jù)進行相應(yīng)的曲線擬合，以使所生成的道路曲線能夠更接近實際道路的線型； 6)道路數(shù)據(jù)更新：以開放電子地圖作為數(shù)據(jù)更新試驗對象，將所采集的符合道路更新要求的數(shù)據(jù)進行更新，并對比了更新前后的試驗效果。試驗表明，此法不但可行，而且能夠滿足實際的應(yīng)用需求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, new technology plays a more and more important role in people's daily life.Electronic map (refers to the general electronic map, including the electronic map used for browsing on PC, the electronic map and software used on mobile phone, etc.)At the same time, it also supports positioning and navigation, and the application of navigation electronic map (mainly refers to the electronic map used in vehicle navigation system, which can provide real-time line navigation for vehicles) is becoming more and more widespread.People's travel, travel, shopping around all rely on electronic map increased, through the electronic map can quickly find Ganxing District, convenient for people's lives.Therefore, how to update the electronic map information quickly and efficiently also becomes a hot topic.Based on the above requirements, this paper aims at how to update the road data of the electronic map, combined with the GNSS line data sent by individuals, passenger transport companies or taxi companies, after processing these data, using the vector electronic map.Satellite images or external media reports and plans are used to determine the authenticity of the line data obtained.Finally, a road data update experiment in open electronic map is carried out to verify the practicability and maneuverability of the method.The problems to be solved in this paper are as follows:1) to solve the problem of how to keep the road data of electronic map in real time;2) how to update the road data of electronic map quickly and efficiently;3) how to identify and process the line data accurately;4) to solve the problem of how to update the road data of electronic map with low cost and low input.The main contents of this paper are as follows:1) Electronic map updating data sources: conventional electronic maps generally use topographic maps or satellite images as source of map data updating, which are either too current or too expensive.This increases the difficulty and cost of updating electronic map data in real time.In this paper, using GNSS data as data source can greatly reduce the difficulty and cost of updating, and improve the production efficiency.2) screening electronic map updating source data: after obtaining GNSS line data, we need to filter the data, combine with the original road electronic map, satellite image or news report to remove false data or unreasonable data,Leave data that meet the requirements for updating the electronic map;3) Highway grade determination: combined with the obtained GNSS line data, the highway grade can be preliminarily determined.The road lane number can be judged by the route direction, the road separation can be determined by the separate lane driving, the grade information of the road can be judged by the information of the speed, the number of lanes and the position of the road.4) curved road processing: roads are not simple straight lines, but intricate and crisscross road networks.According to the design characteristics of the bend, a reasonable method to collect the curve data effectively is put forward.5) Road curve fitting: the road is not composed of a broken line, but a straight line or a transition curve.In order to make the generated road curve closer to the actual road line;6) Road data updating: the open electronic map is taken as the data updating test object, the collected data according to the road update requirements are updated, and the experimental results before and after updating are compared.The test results show that this method is not only feasible, but also can meet the practical needs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4;U495

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