發(fā)布時間：2018-03-11 18:24

  本文選題：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值　切入點：土地利用　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著區(qū)域一體化的發(fā)展,研究區(qū)GDP增長迅速的同時也帶來了一系列生態(tài)環(huán)境問題。如何走出一條“資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型”的科學(xué)發(fā)展道路,在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和生態(tài)環(huán)境之間找出平衡點,是越來越多的人們所關(guān)注的課題,也是未來區(qū)域發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略。 本文以生態(tài)服務(wù)價值測算法為主要研究方法,以中國陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)單位面積生態(tài)服務(wù)價值表根據(jù)研究區(qū)特殊性及結(jié)合現(xiàn)勢性,稍加改進為研究區(qū)生態(tài)價值的計算模型,根據(jù)研究區(qū)的特征,當量因子按照以下原則操作：耕地對應(yīng)農(nóng)田；水域?qū)?yīng)水域；對于居民建設(shè)用地按照Costanza等學(xué)者的估算方法,不估算其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能經(jīng)濟價值,本文則對建設(shè)用地加以改造,分成城鎮(zhèn)及工礦用地和交通用地,分別計算其不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值；林地對應(yīng)森林；草地對應(yīng)草地。 本文根據(jù)重慶市1996-2010年土地變更調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)及二調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)情況,通過查找重慶市1996-2010年的統(tǒng)計年鑒、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展數(shù)據(jù)、以及其他資料對所得結(jié)果進行驗證和補充；經(jīng)過以上對應(yīng)原則重分類,得出1996-2010年土地利用變化情況,再根據(jù)改進的中國陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)單位面積生態(tài)服務(wù)價值表計算研究時段研究區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值(ESV)。從1996年到2010年,耕地的面積減少了586497hm2,未利用地減少了544319hm2,其余土地利用類型面積則有所增加。根據(jù)本文選取計算ESV的指標得出：耕地、城鎮(zhèn)及工礦用地及難利用地的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值分別減少了358.60千萬元、98.56千萬元和20.22千萬元,林地的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值增加了1402.07千萬元,水域的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值則增加了262.07千萬元,草地增加了82.24千萬元。從三大經(jīng)濟區(qū)域的角度分析各自生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值,并為整個研究區(qū)和三大區(qū)域提升生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值提出建議�？傮w來講,研究區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)總價值呈增加的趨勢,ESV/GDP值呈下降的趨勢；生態(tài)服務(wù)價值與GDP呈同向相關(guān),生態(tài)服務(wù)價值增加,而GDP增長,但是由于區(qū)域內(nèi)GDP增長迅速,ESV與GDP的增長是不成比例的,與人口增長的關(guān)系也密切,呈同向相關(guān),雖然ESV與人口關(guān)系并無因果關(guān)系,但是人口增長會間接影響ESV的提升。按照ESV與人口的比值柱狀圖走勢來看,研究區(qū)在本文選取的研究時段逐年大致持平。重慶的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速,經(jīng)濟總量較大。本研究表明,造成土地資源的生產(chǎn)價值與生態(tài)價值不成比例。 本文第1章介紹了選題的背景、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值國內(nèi)外的研究進展、本文的研究內(nèi)容及技術(shù)路線；第2章介紹了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值的概念、評價意義、測算方法以及其今后研究的難點和研究方向；第3章是介紹了研究區(qū)概況,第4章在介紹文章評價指標的選取及數(shù)據(jù)庫構(gòu)建情況；第5章則是從各區(qū)縣的尺度和三大經(jīng)濟區(qū)域介紹重慶市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)評價及原因的簡單分析；第6章則是對ESV、GDP與人口的變化進行統(tǒng)計和相關(guān)性分析及顯著性檢驗；第7章對本文研究結(jié)果進行了總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:With the development of regional integration, the study area GDP rapid growth has also brought a series of ecological environment problems. How to get out of a "resource-saving and environment-friendly road of scientific development", to find a balance between economic development and ecological environment is more and more concern, but also an important strategy the future of regional development.
Based on the ecological service value calculation method as main research method, to China land ecosystem services value of unit area table according to the special nature of the study area and present situation of the modified calculation model of the study area of ecological value, according to the characteristics of the study area, equivalent factor according to the following principles: the corresponding operation cultivated farmland; corresponding waters waters; for residential construction land in accordance with Costanza's estimation methods, not to estimate the economic value of ecosystem service function, this paper on the construction land to transform into urban and industrial land and traffic land, were calculated for different ecosystem service value; the corresponding woodland forest; grassland corresponding grassland.
According to Chongqing City, 1996-2010 years of land change survey data and the two data, through statistical yearbook 1996-2010 years for Chongqing City, economic development data, and other information on the results to verify and supplement; after the above correspondence principle of re classification, that 1996-2010 years of land use change, then calculate the study period according to the improvement of study area the China land ecosystem services value of unit area of ecosystem service value (ESV). From 1996 to 2010, the area of cultivated land decreased by 586497hm2, the unused land decreased by 544319hm2, the remaining land area increased. According to the calculation and selection of the ESV index obtained: arable land, urban and industrial land and difficult to use land ecological service value decreased respectively 3 billion 586 million yuan, 985 million 600 thousand yuan and 202 million 200 thousand yuan, the forest ecosystem services To increase the value of 14 billion 20 million 700 thousand yuan, the waters of the ecological service value increased 2 billion 620 million 700 thousand yuan, an increase of 822 million 400 thousand yuan. The grassland ecosystem service value from the analysis of the three regional economic perspective, and for the whole study area and three regional promotion of ecosystem service value are proposed. Overall, ecosystem services value of the study area increased, ESV/GDP value decreased in the same direction; relevant ecological service value and GDP value of ecosystem services increased, and the growth of GDP, but because of the regional GDP growth, ESV and GDP growth are disproportionately, also has close relationship with population growth, in the same direction, though there is no causal relationship between the ESV and population, but population growth will indirectly affect the ESV performance. According to the ratio histogram of the ESV and population, the study area in the period of this article selected by The year is roughly flat. Chongqing's economic development is rapid and the total economic amount is large. This study shows that the production value of land resources is not proportional to the ecological value.
The first chapter introduces the background, research progress of the value of ecosystem services at home and abroad, the research content and the technical route of this paper; the second chapter introduces the concept of ecosystem service value evaluation, the measurement methods and the problems and research direction of the future research; the third chapter introduces the overview of the study area, the fourth chapter in the construction of evaluation index and database; the fifth chapter is a simple analysis from the county scale and the three major economic regions and the reason of evaluation of ecosystem services in Chongqing city; the sixth chapter is on the ESV, GDP and changes of population statistics and correlation analysis and significant test; the seventh chapter is summarized the results of this study.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;X826

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