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  本文選題：全球定位系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：觀測數(shù)據(jù)　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：GPS是一種全天候、高精度的全球定位系統(tǒng)，有著廣泛的應(yīng)用市場和發(fā)展前景，而衛(wèi)星信號模擬源用于模擬產(chǎn)生各種場景下的GPS衛(wèi)星信號，在GPS接收機(jī)的研發(fā)和測試中具有重要的作用與意義，但由于一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)較為敏感，國內(nèi)對此課題進(jìn)行專門研究的機(jī)構(gòu)尚且較少，本論文便是以此為背景和目的。 本研究課題的任務(wù)目標(biāo)，是對GPS信號模擬源中數(shù)據(jù)仿真部分的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和仿真實(shí)現(xiàn)展開研究工作，具體包括完成時間與坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)、廣播星歷、衛(wèi)星軌道、環(huán)境等誤差以及各項(xiàng)觀測值的仿真建模，結(jié)合軟件界面設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了任意修改觀測時間、位置、環(huán)境等參數(shù)，獲取模擬源的觀測數(shù)據(jù)并分析結(jié)果。 本文首先對GPS數(shù)據(jù)仿真相關(guān)的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了研究。其一是相關(guān)的時間系統(tǒng)和坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)，不同系統(tǒng)之間轉(zhuǎn)換的模型，這是將研究中各仿真模塊聯(lián)系起來的基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)；其次是衛(wèi)星軌道部分，包括Rinex星歷文件及軌道參數(shù)，外推衛(wèi)星位置和軌道擬合的算法；接著需針對定位信號誤差源在仿真系統(tǒng)中所需進(jìn)行的處理和模型進(jìn)行了分析，包括星鐘誤差和電離層、對流層等，為了使模擬源仿真的環(huán)境與產(chǎn)生的信號能夠包含誤差影響，，更為真實(shí)。 然后對衛(wèi)星信號模擬源的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，給出了數(shù)據(jù)仿真系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)需求與總體框架，并結(jié)合算法具體講述了各模塊在實(shí)現(xiàn)中的細(xì)節(jié)和數(shù)據(jù)流，包括判定衛(wèi)星可見性的流程、計(jì)算偽距觀測值流程以及軌道擬合的流程。采用Matlab程序與VC6.0圖形界面并且混合編程的方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件仿真的可控可視化操作，能夠按照用戶設(shè)定的觀測點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對GPS場景數(shù)據(jù)的軟件仿真。 在執(zhí)行觀測值仿真計(jì)算后，給出了軟件功能和模塊的測試方法，對生成的軌道、可見性、場景誤差等進(jìn)行了各類單元測試，繪圖并分析數(shù)據(jù)，驗(yàn)證了GPS數(shù)據(jù)仿真系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性與關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的算法正確性。 主要成果是使用軟件編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個比較完整的、可行的GPS模擬源數(shù)據(jù)仿真系統(tǒng)。該模擬源的特點(diǎn)是用于接收機(jī)測試的通用型模擬源，在這之上可以繼續(xù)進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展和研究，設(shè)計(jì)與開發(fā)原理同樣可用于其他的定位系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:GPS is an all-weather, high-precision global positioning system, which has a wide application market and development prospects. The satellite signal analog source is used to simulate and generate GPS satellite signals in various scenarios. It plays an important role and significance in the research and development of GPS receiver. However, because of some key technologies are more sensitive, there are few special research institutions on this subject in China. This paper is based on this background and purpose. The task goal of this research is to study the key technology and simulation realization of the data simulation part of the GPS signal analog source, including the completion of time and coordinate system, broadcast ephemeris, satellite orbit, etc. Based on the simulation modeling of environment and other observation values and the design of software interface, the parameters of observation time, position and environment are arbitrarily modified, and the observation data of simulation source are obtained and the results are analyzed. Firstly, the mathematical models related to GPS data simulation are studied in this paper. One is the related time system and coordinate system, and the conversion model between different systems, which is the basic basis for connecting each simulation module in the research. Secondly, the part of satellite orbit, including Rinex ephemeris and orbit parameters, extrapolation algorithm of satellite position and orbit fitting, then the processing and model of error source of positioning signal in simulation system are analyzed. The satellite clock error and ionospheric and troposphere are included. In order to make the simulated environment and the generated signal contain the error effect, it is more true. Then the structure of the satellite signal analog source is analyzed, the design requirements and the overall framework of the data simulation system are given, and the details and data flow of each module in the implementation are described in combination with the algorithm, including the process of judging the visibility of the satellite. The flow chart of calculating the pseudo-range observation value and the flow of orbit fitting. By using Matlab program and VC6.0 graphical interface and mixed programming, the controllable visual operation of software simulation can be realized, which can be based on the observation point set by the user. The software simulation of GPS scene data is realized. After performing the simulation calculation of the observation value, the software function and the test method of the module are given, and the generated orbit, visibility, scene error and so on are tested in various units, and the data are drawn and analyzed. The rationality of the design structure of the GPS data simulation system and the correctness of the algorithm of the key technology are verified. The main achievement is that a relatively complete and feasible GPS analog source data simulation system is implemented by software programming. The characteristic of this analog source is the universal analog source used for receiver testing, on which we can continue to expand and study. Design and development principles can also be used in other positioning systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4;TP391.9

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