本文選題：動態(tài)精密單點定位　切入點：誤差分析　出處：《解放軍信息工程大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位方法能在全球范圍內(nèi)連續(xù)獨立地提供高精度的坐標(biāo)信息，其無需基準(zhǔn)站的特點有效解決了雙差測量中解算精度受基線長度影響的限制，其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域正在快速擴展。本論文對動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位理論和方法開展研究，論述了精密單點定位數(shù)學(xué)模型和統(tǒng)計模型，對誤差改正模型及誤差影響進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究，針對動態(tài)定位中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的周跳，提出了使用改進(jìn)的最小二乘搜索法進(jìn)行短時段的周跳的修復(fù)，研究了動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位算法，編寫了動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位軟件，通過與商用軟件的比對分析，驗證了軟件的正確性。 論文的主要結(jié)論有以下幾點： 1.在理論上，推導(dǎo)了誤差對定位結(jié)果影響的誤差傳播公式。并通過實驗分析了各項誤差源對定位結(jié)果的影響大小。實驗表明， Sagnac效應(yīng)對定位結(jié)果影響為20-30m，DCB等其他各項誤差的影響也達(dá)到厘米級以上，因此在動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位中需對DCB誤差加以考慮，并需要精密的誤差模型對各項誤差進(jìn)行改正。 2.分析了電離層殘差法、偽距載波相位組合法和TurboEdit方法在動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位中的周跳探測效果。提出改進(jìn)的最小二乘搜索法用于周跳修復(fù)，并通過實驗成功修復(fù)了短時周跳。 3.自主研制了動態(tài)GPS精密單點定位軟件，給出了濾波算法中各參數(shù)的經(jīng)驗值。并依據(jù)平滑估計理論中的Rauch-Tung-Striebel公式，對軟件中使用的二次濾波算法進(jìn)行了理論驗證。 4.通過對航空、車載、航海三種不同方式的實驗數(shù)據(jù)解算，并將解算結(jié)果與GrafNav軟件的雙差定位解算結(jié)果相比，驗證了軟件的正確性，實現(xiàn)了厘米-分米級動態(tài)定位，認(rèn)為該軟件在算法上達(dá)到與商業(yè)軟件相當(dāng)?shù)乃健?5.實驗分析表明，使用二次濾波方法，可以提高初始坐標(biāo)精度，非常有效地減少收斂時間。而通過降低衛(wèi)星高度截止角、提高采樣頻率，也能一定程度地減少收斂時間。
[Abstract]:The dynamic GPS precise single point positioning method can provide high precision coordinate information continuously and independently in the global range. Its characteristic of no reference station can effectively solve the limitation of the solution accuracy affected by the baseline length in the double difference measurement. In this paper, the theory and method of dynamic GPS precise single point positioning are studied, the mathematical model and statistical model of precision single point positioning are discussed, and the error correction model and error influence are studied in detail. In view of the cycle slip that often occurs in dynamic positioning, the improved least square search method is proposed to repair the short period cycle slip. The dynamic GPS precise single point positioning algorithm is studied, and the dynamic GPS precise single point positioning software is developed. The correctness of the software is verified by comparison and analysis with commercial software. The main conclusions of the paper are as follows:. 1. Theoretically, The error propagation formula of the effect of error on the positioning result is derived, and the influence of each error source on the location result is analyzed experimentally. The experiment shows that the influence of Sagnac effect on the location result is 20-30 mb and other errors. The sound also reached the centimeter level above, Therefore, in dynamic GPS precise single point positioning, the DCB error should be considered, and the precision error model should be used to correct each error. 2. The cycle slip detection effect of ionospheric residual method, pseudo-range carrier phase combination method and TurboEdit method in dynamic GPS precise single point positioning is analyzed. An improved least square search method is proposed for cycle slip repair, and the short-time cycle slip is successfully repaired through experiments. 3. The dynamic GPS precise single point positioning software is developed, and the experience values of the parameters in the filtering algorithm are given. The quadratic filtering algorithm used in the software is verified theoretically according to the Rauch-Tung-Striebel formula in the smoothing estimation theory. 4. The correctness of the software is verified by calculating the experimental data of aviation, vehicle and navigation in three different ways, and comparing the results with that of GrafNav software, and realizing the centimeter-decimeter dynamic positioning. It is considered that the algorithm of this software is equivalent to that of commercial software. 5. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the initial coordinates can be improved by using the quadratic filtering method, and the convergence time can be reduced to a certain extent by reducing the cut-off angle of satellite altitude and increasing the sampling frequency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：解放軍信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4

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本文編號：1578614