本文選題：GNSS信號(hào)　切入點(diǎn)：性能評(píng)估　出處：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時(shí)中心）》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）最初的研制目標(biāo)是為了給用戶提供全天候、全球性、高精度的位置信息，但是由于衛(wèi)星信號(hào)自身所具有的特性，無論是GPS、GALILEO、 GLONASS還是北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，都存在著一個(gè)共同的缺點(diǎn)——容易受到各種形式的有意或者無意的干擾，從而導(dǎo)致用戶接收機(jī)的定位、導(dǎo)航性能下降，甚至無法正常工作。目前空間環(huán)境愈加復(fù)雜，存在各種自然干擾及人為干擾，接收機(jī)的抗干擾能力已經(jīng)成為其能否正常工作的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題。分析GNSS導(dǎo)航信號(hào)在干擾環(huán)境下的接收性能，并提出有效可行的抗干擾方法，對于提高衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)在復(fù)雜環(huán)境下的工作性能、增強(qiáng)其在各種環(huán)境中的適用性具有重要意義。 本論文正是針對目前衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航所處的復(fù)雜電磁環(huán)境和有限的抗干擾能力問題，對GNSS信號(hào)在干擾環(huán)境下接收性能的評(píng)估方法進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)得研究，并針對幾種常見的干擾形式，有針對性的提出相應(yīng)的干擾抑制方法，從而提高衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容也是緊密圍繞著干擾環(huán)境下導(dǎo)航信號(hào)接收性能評(píng)估方法研究和干擾抑制方法研究兩個(gè)方面。 本文首先對GNSS空間信號(hào)在干擾環(huán)境下接收性能的評(píng)估方法進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究，通過對接收信號(hào)的頻域性能、捕獲性能、跟蹤性能、解調(diào)性能等各個(gè)角度進(jìn)行分析，綜合反映導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)在干擾環(huán)境下的接收性能。針對目前國際上普遍關(guān)注的GNSS信號(hào)間干擾的評(píng)估，提出了一種不同于目前國際上現(xiàn)有方法的可直接對干擾進(jìn)行評(píng)估的新方法，即利用干擾因子k~ jam作為信號(hào)間干擾的評(píng)估參數(shù)，越大，則干擾越大，接收性能隨之越差。該方法可以簡單準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)估信號(hào)間干擾的大小。同時(shí)本文還對高斯白噪聲環(huán)境下的接收性能以及其它干擾環(huán)境下的接收性能進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析和研究，全面的評(píng)估各種干擾對GNSS信號(hào)的影響。 其次，本文對不同干擾的抑制方法進(jìn)行了研究。對于常見的窄帶干擾形式，通過LMS線性預(yù)測技術(shù)將窄帶干擾可以有效去除，從而提高接收信號(hào)的抗干擾能力。而對于寬帶干擾，，用一般的時(shí)域或頻域抑制方法對其干擾的抑制效果不佳，因此寬帶干擾的抑制是本文的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。本文著重對線性調(diào)頻寬帶干擾和正弦調(diào)頻寬帶干擾展開了深入研究，針對每種干擾分別給出了兩種干擾抑制的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，并通過仿真結(jié)果給出每種干擾抑制方法的適用條件。 最后，為了驗(yàn)證本文提出的GNSS信號(hào)接收性能的評(píng)估方法和干擾抑制方法的正確性，本文設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證平臺(tái)�；谠搶�(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，采集實(shí)測的GNSS衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航信號(hào)并疊加不同類型的干擾，然后利用本文提出的干擾抑制方法對干擾進(jìn)行抑制，通過分析GNSS信號(hào)的接收性能在干擾抑制前后的變化和改善，從而驗(yàn)證本文提出的干擾抑制方法的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite system was originally developed to provide users with all-weather, global and high-precision position information. However, due to the characteristics of satellite signals themselves, whether it is GPS / GALILEO, GLONASS or Beidou satellite navigation system, They all have a common drawback-they are vulnerable to various forms of intentional or unintentional interference, which leads to the positioning of user receivers, the deterioration of navigation performance, or even failure to work properly. The space environment is becoming more complex. There are various kinds of natural interference and artificial interference, and the anti-jamming ability of the receiver has become a key problem whether the receiver can work normally. This paper analyzes the receiving performance of the GNSS navigation signal in the jamming environment, and puts forward an effective and feasible anti-jamming method. It is of great significance to improve the performance of satellite navigation system in complex environment and enhance its applicability in various environments. In this paper, aiming at the problem of complex electromagnetic environment and limited anti-jamming ability of satellite navigation at present, the evaluation methods of receiving performance of GNSS signal in jamming environment are systematically studied, and several common jamming forms are also studied. Pertinently put forward the corresponding interference suppression methods, In order to improve the anti-jamming ability of the satellite navigation system, the main research content of this paper is also focused on two aspects: the evaluation method of navigation signal reception performance under jamming environment and the research of interference suppression method. In this paper, the performance evaluation method of GNSS space signal in jamming environment is studied systematically, and the performance of frequency domain, acquisition, tracking, demodulation and so on are analyzed. This paper synthetically reflects the receiving performance of navigation receiver in jamming environment. Aiming at the evaluation of intersignal interference (ISI), which is widely concerned in the world at present, a new method which can directly evaluate the interference is proposed, which is different from the existing methods in the world. That is, using the interference factor k ~. As an evaluation parameter of inter-signal interference, the greater the jam is, the greater the interference is. This method can be used to evaluate the magnitude of inter-signal interference simply and accurately. At the same time, this paper also makes a detailed analysis and research on the receiving performance of Gao Si white noise environment and other jamming environment. A comprehensive assessment of the impact of various interference on GNSS signals. Secondly, different interference suppression methods are studied in this paper. For common narrowband interference forms, narrow band interference can be effectively removed by LMS linear prediction technology. So as to improve the anti-jamming ability of the received signal, but for wideband interference, the general time domain or frequency domain suppression method is not good for its interference suppression effect. Therefore, the suppression of wideband interference is one of the emphases of this paper. In this paper, the linear FM wideband interference and sinusoidal FM wideband interference are deeply studied, and two methods of interference suppression are given for each interference. Through the simulation results, the suitable conditions of each interference suppression method are given. Finally, in order to verify the correctness of the proposed GNSS signal reception performance evaluation method and interference suppression method, an experimental verification platform is designed. The actual GNSS satellite navigation signals are collected and different types of interference are superimposed. Then the interference suppression method proposed in this paper is used to suppress the interference. The change and improvement of the reception performance of GNSS signal before and after interference suppression are analyzed. Thus, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed interference suppression method are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時(shí)中心）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4

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