本文選題：震動　切入點：空間認(rèn)知　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：對于明眼人來說視覺是獲取環(huán)境信息最有效的途徑，它能夠提供路標(biāo)、位置、方向、距離和速度等有效路徑誘導(dǎo)信息，由于盲人視覺能力的喪失，使其在復(fù)雜移動環(huán)境中行走時必然面對眾多挑戰(zhàn)。作為社會上一類特殊群體，需要給予更多關(guān)懷和照顧，如何讓他們能夠安全的獨立行走，是盲人生活中最大問題之一。隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、科技進步和社會文明程度的不斷提高，這一特殊群體的出行問題越來越受到世界各國的關(guān)注和重視。 本文首先對盲人導(dǎo)航/路徑誘導(dǎo)輔具總體情況進行了概述；然后基于結(jié)構(gòu)特征進行分類，并分別介紹了電子式行進輔具、移動式導(dǎo)盲機器人、智能盲杖、智能導(dǎo)盲系統(tǒng)以及基于Haptic技術(shù)的盲人路徑誘導(dǎo)服務(wù)歷史發(fā)展、應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀；分析了基于震動技術(shù)的盲人導(dǎo)航/路徑誘導(dǎo)輔具在今后的發(fā)展趨勢以及存在的問題，并討論了應(yīng)用前景。 Haptic(震動)技術(shù)信息表達是一種有效的人機交互模式和信息傳遞方式，并作為信息傳遞的重要通道用于盲人導(dǎo)航/路徑誘導(dǎo)輔具領(lǐng)域，彌補了在特定條件下聲音的缺點與不足(當(dāng)在吵雜的環(huán)境等公共場合時，系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)盲聲音和周圍其他聲音就會混雜在一起，使盲人難以辨認(rèn)，這時語音的功效可能會大大降低甚至失去作用。如果頭戴耳機基于聲音提示，這樣會阻礙像車輛鳴笛聲等對盲人具有很大導(dǎo)航作用的聲音)。針對盲人具有敏銳于常人的觸覺資源和對路徑誘導(dǎo)環(huán)境特定的認(rèn)知(包括空間方位、距離和行走速度等)，在綜合應(yīng)用GPS，GIS和Haptic(震動)等技術(shù)，開發(fā)研制了一種盲人路徑誘導(dǎo)新模式的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步探討該模式向盲人提供路口等關(guān)鍵節(jié)點和偏離規(guī)劃路徑多種情況下的差異性震動，具有抗噪聲干擾、反饋及時和高有效性等優(yōu)點，具有很高的使用價值。本研究以GoogleLegend手機為例研制了原型系統(tǒng)，初步實現(xiàn)了設(shè)計功能，驗證了系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的有效性。 通過實驗測試并結(jié)合盲人心理因素初步確定偏離路徑、到達關(guān)鍵節(jié)點等閾值。在此盲人路徑誘導(dǎo)新模式基礎(chǔ)上，進一步考察了盲人的觸覺傳遞通道的優(yōu)越性和路徑誘導(dǎo)提醒心理閾值狀況。結(jié)果表明：(1)震動作為有效的路徑誘導(dǎo)提醒方式，在一定程度上彌補了特定條件下聲音的缺點與不足。(2)在收回有效問卷中，，存在影響思維、行為、認(rèn)知等因素的心理衛(wèi)生問題占總數(shù)的43.33%，并且被試人員對社會環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力普遍較差。(3)盲人行走偏離路徑提醒心理閾值結(jié)合實際并具有合理性，有待進一步優(yōu)化和實踐。最后通過系統(tǒng)初步測試以及與被試者、有關(guān)專家訪談等，對盲人路徑誘導(dǎo)提出建議。旨在使盲人更好地感受環(huán)境信息，提高空間認(rèn)知水平，對盲人路徑誘導(dǎo)具有實用價值和社會現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Vision is the most effective way to obtain environmental information for bright people. It can provide effective path guidance information, such as road signs, location, direction, distance and speed, due to the loss of visual ability of blind people. As a special group in society, they need more care and care, how to enable them to walk independently and safely. With the development of economy, the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of social civilization, the travel problem of this special group has been paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. This paper first summarizes the general situation of blind navigation / path guidance aids, then classifies them based on structural features, and introduces the electronic walking aids, mobile guide robot, intelligent blind stick, etc. The history and application status of the intelligent blind guidance system and the blind route guidance service based on Haptic technology are analyzed, and the development trend and existing problems of the blind navigation / path guidance aids based on vibration technology are analyzed. The application prospect is also discussed. Haptic (vibration) technology information expression is an effective human-computer interaction mode and information transmission mode, and as an important channel of information transmission, it is used in the field of blind navigation / path guidance aids. It makes up for the shortcomings and shortcomings of sound under certain conditions (when in public places such as noisy environments, the system leads to blind sounds mixed with other sounds around them, making it difficult for blind people to recognize, The effectiveness of speech can be greatly reduced or even defunct. If headphones are based on sound cues, This can hinder sounds that have a great navigational effect on blind people, such as the siren of a vehicle. For blind people, they have sensitive tactile resources and specific knowledge of the path inducing environment (including spatial orientation). Based on the comprehensive application of GPS GIS and Haptic (shock) technology, a new model of path guidance for blind people is developed, such as distance and walking speed. It is further discussed that this model provides blind people with differential vibration at key nodes, such as intersections and deviations from the planned path, which has the advantages of anti-noise interference, timely feedback and high efficiency, etc. This study takes GoogleLegend mobile phone as an example to develop a prototype system, and initially realizes the design function, and verifies the effectiveness of the system implementation. Through the experimental test and combining with the psychological factors of blind people, the threshold of deviating path and reaching the critical node is determined. On the basis of this new model of blind path induction, The superiority of tactile transmission channel and the psychological threshold of path-induced alerting in blind people were further investigated. The results show that the vibration is an effective way of path-inducing alerting. To a certain extent, it makes up for the shortcomings and shortcomings of the voice under certain conditions.) in the effective questionnaire, there is an influence on thinking and behavior. The mental health problems of cognition and other factors accounted for 43.33% of the total, and the subjects' ability to adapt to social environment was generally poor. Finally, through systematic preliminary tests and interviews with subjects and experts, some suggestions are put forward to guide blind people's paths. The purpose of this paper is to make blind people feel environmental information better and improve their spatial cognitive level. It is of practical value and social practical significance to the path guidance of blind people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;TP11

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