本文關(guān)鍵詞： 三維地理空間模型 數(shù)字地面模型 數(shù)字城市 精確程度 通視分析 日照分析 制圖綜合　出處：《西安科技大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：分辨率和比例尺是地理空間數(shù)據(jù)的重要特征，二維地理空間數(shù)據(jù)在紙質(zhì)的條件用比例尺表示，在數(shù)字條件下用分辨率表示；三維地理空間數(shù)據(jù)在數(shù)字條件下用分辨率表示。在三維建模時，怎么樣把不同的地物用統(tǒng)一的標準去規(guī)范是本文探索的重點。論文的主要內(nèi)容和成果概括如下： 1、介紹一些常用的三維地理空間數(shù)據(jù)模型，三維地表模型和三維地物模型，以及對DTM和DEM的區(qū)別進行比較找出共同點和不同點。并且對三維數(shù)字城市進行詳細的闡述，為三維建模提供概念的支持。 2、闡述三維地理空間模型精確程度，為分辨率的概念的提出提供依據(jù)。三維模型的精確程度，不只是平面精度而且還包含三維模型的高程精度，結(jié)合數(shù)字高程模型（DEM）的精度指標，找出精度規(guī)律，，以及描述了三維模型制作的產(chǎn)品規(guī)范，從而更好的為結(jié)論的得出創(chuàng)造條件。 3、通過對通視分析和日照分析兩個限制因子的研究可以更好的約束三維空間模型的精度，進而提取較為準確的三維模型精度。 4、從二維圖形的制圖綜合類推出三維地圖的綜合取舍，兩者的區(qū)別就在于一個是平面圖形一個是立體圖形，在低分辨率的時候可以用標準的空間體代替真實的實體空間體。在進行三維地物形狀取舍應(yīng)該遵循寧可對地物放大也不能縮小的原則，以保證三維空間模型的安全性。 5、通過前五章的描述得到第六章的結(jié)論部分。第六章整體闡述了分辨率的概念，并且提出在分辨率多少的時候，顯示的精度是多少？而且規(guī)定了不同成圖比例尺下，地物表達的不同取舍。
[Abstract]:Resolution and scale are important characteristics of geospatial data. The condition of two-dimensional geospatial data is represented by scale in paper condition and resolution in digital condition. 3D geospatial data is represented by resolution under digital conditions. In 3D modeling, how to standardize different features with unified standards is the focus of this paper. The main contents and achievements of this paper are summarized as follows:. 1. Introduce some commonly used 3D geospatial data models, 3D surface models and 3D terrain models, and compare the differences between DTM and DEM to find out the common points and differences. Provide conceptual support for 3D modeling. 2. The degree of accuracy of 3D geospatial model is expounded, which provides the basis for the concept of resolution. The accuracy of 3D model is not only plane accuracy, but also the elevation accuracy of 3D model. Combining with the precision index of digital elevation model (DEM), this paper finds out the law of accuracy and describes the product specification of 3D model making, so as to create better conditions for the conclusion. 3. Through the study of two limiting factors, the general view analysis and the sunshine analysis, the precision of the 3D model can be better constrained, and the accuracy of the 3D model can be extracted more accurately. 4. From the cartographic generalization of two-dimensional graphics, the author deduces the comprehensive selection and selection of three-dimensional maps. The difference between the two is that one is a plane figure and the other is a three-dimensional figure. In order to ensure the safety of 3D spatial model, the standard spatial object can be used to replace the real solid space body at low resolution. In order to ensure the safety of 3D spatial model, the principle of enlarging the object rather than reducing it should be followed in the choice of 3D object shape. 5. Through the description of the first five chapters, we get the conclusion of the 6th chapter. Chapter 6th explains the concept of resolution as a whole, and puts forward that when the resolution is how much, what is the accuracy of the display? In addition, it specifies the different choices of the expression of ground objects under different mapping scales.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208

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