本文關(guān)鍵詞： 江淮平原 地形對象 平原微地貌 數(shù)字分類體系 地形濕度指數(shù)　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國平原區(qū)廣泛分布著農(nóng)田塊地、溝渠、堤壩及崗地等經(jīng)過人工改造或與人類生活密切相關(guān)的典型平原區(qū)微地貌。由于這類微地貌分布廣泛、高程差小且形態(tài)復(fù)雜,使現(xiàn)有格網(wǎng)DEM難以對其進(jìn)行有效數(shù)字表達(dá)和準(zhǔn)確數(shù)字地形分析,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)有格網(wǎng)DEM在江淮平原區(qū)的洪水淹沒分析和數(shù)字地形分析結(jié)果難以滿足水環(huán)境應(yīng)用等各類應(yīng)用需求。為此,本文以江淮平原區(qū)為例,建立江淮平原區(qū)微地貌數(shù)字分類體系,并以面向?qū)ο蟮乃枷霕?gòu)建出典型微地形對象,將其無縫嵌入到格網(wǎng)DEM對象中,形成一種顧及微地形對象的新型DEM(Terrain-object Oriented DEM,簡稱“TODEM”),并把該DEM應(yīng)用到江淮平原區(qū)地表水環(huán)境研究中。本文重點(diǎn)對江淮平原區(qū)微地貌的特征、數(shù)字分類及微地形對象的概念、數(shù)據(jù)組織、構(gòu)建方法及其在地表水環(huán)境中的應(yīng)用等問題進(jìn)行研究,取得了以下主要研究成果:(1)以30m分辨率的DEM數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),并結(jié)合地貌學(xué)和自然地理學(xué)中有關(guān)平原區(qū)的劃定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),較為準(zhǔn)確地定量劃分出江淮平原區(qū)的分布范圍。并建立江淮平原區(qū)微地貌數(shù)字分類體系。(2)在平原區(qū)微地貌數(shù)字分類的基礎(chǔ)上,選取韓村鎮(zhèn)為研究區(qū),提取研究區(qū)內(nèi)的典型微地形對象,實(shí)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)內(nèi)微地形對象及顧及微地形對象的DEM構(gòu)建,并應(yīng)用到研究區(qū)地形濕度指數(shù)的計(jì)算。相比于由傳統(tǒng)格網(wǎng)DEM獲取區(qū)域地形濕度指數(shù)的方法,由顧及微地形對象的DEM獲取的地形濕度指數(shù)能更好地反映地表水的空間分布及徑流規(guī)律。(3)研究區(qū)地形濕度指數(shù)的范圍在-1.34 31.94之間,且研究區(qū)內(nèi)農(nóng)田塊地的地形濕度指數(shù)主要在6.46至19.46之間。河道、渠道等具有貯水性或輸水性的典型微地貌的地形濕度指數(shù)均大于19.46。地形濕度指數(shù)較大的區(qū)域,除分布在河道、渠道等水體區(qū)域外,主要分布在研究區(qū)西南部及河道、渠道等組成的水系交匯處。地形濕度指數(shù)較小的區(qū)域,主要分布在研究區(qū)內(nèi)地勢較高處,以及河道、渠道等微地貌的坡面區(qū)域。(4)闡明了研究區(qū)顧及微地貌的地形濕度指數(shù)分布特征及其所具有的地表水環(huán)境的空間分布與徑流意義。
[Abstract]:Typical plain landforms, such as farmland, ditches, dikes and hillocks, are widely distributed in the plain areas of China after artificial transformation or are closely related to human life. Due to the wide distribution of these microlandforms, the elevation difference is small and the shape is complex. It is difficult for the existing grid DEM to express effectively and accurately digital terrain analysis, which leads to the inundation analysis of the existing grid DEM in the Jianghuai Plain area and the results of the digital terrain analysis to meet the needs of various applications such as the application of water environment. Taking the Jianghuai plain area as an example, this paper establishes the digital classification system of the micro-geomorphology in the Jianghuai plain area, and constructs the typical micro-terrain object with the object oriented thought, and embeds it seamlessly into the grid DEM object. A new type of DEM(Terrain-object Oriented den (TODEM), which takes account of micro-terrain objects, is formed and applied to the study of surface water environment in the Jianghuai Plain. This paper focuses on the characteristics, digital classification, concept and data organization of micro-geomorphology in the Jianghuai Plain. The construction method and its application in surface water environment were studied. The following main research results were obtained: 1) based on 30m resolution DEM data, combined with the criteria for the delineation of plain areas in geomorphology and natural geography. The distribution range of Jianghuai plain area is accurately and quantitatively divided, and the digital classification system of micro-geomorphology in Jianghuai plain area is established. On the basis of the numerical classification of micro-geomorphology in plain area, Hancun Town is selected as the study area. The typical micro-terrain objects in the research area are extracted, and the DEM construction of the micro-terrain objects and the micro-terrain objects in the research area are realized. Compared with the traditional grid DEM method, the method is applied to the calculation of the topographic humidity index of the study area, and compared with the method of obtaining the regional topography humidity index from the traditional grid DEM. The topographic humidity index obtained by DEM with the consideration of micro-terrain objects can better reflect the spatial distribution of surface water and runoff law.) the range of topographic humidity index in the study area is -1.34 ~ 31.94. In the study area, the topographic humidity index of farmland was between 6.46 and 19.46. The topographic humidity index of typical micro-landforms, such as watercourses and canals, was higher than 19.46.The region with larger topographic humidity index was distributed in river channels. Outside the canal and other water bodies, they are mainly distributed in the southwestern part of the study area and the river channel, and where the topography and humidity index are small, they are mainly distributed in the higher terrain and the river channel in the study area. The distribution characteristics of topographic humidity index and the spatial distribution of surface water environment and the significance of runoff in the study area are expounded.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P208;P343

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 劉洪,金之慶;江淮平原油菜漬害預(yù)報(bào)模型[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2005年02期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 談祚龍;孫曉清;;發(fā)展特色園區(qū) 打造產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢[A];中國城市經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)中等城市經(jīng)濟(jì)研究會(huì)建會(huì)20周年專輯[C];2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 趙紀(jì)堂;基于DEM的江淮平原區(qū)微地貌數(shù)字表達(dá)及其水環(huán)境應(yīng)用研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2017年

2 李才林;江淮平原末次冰消期以來環(huán)境變化的鉆孔記錄[D];南京師范大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：1510542