本文關(guān)鍵詞： GPS 變形監(jiān)測 超高橋墩 自振信號　出處：《長沙理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國西部地區(qū)交通建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展，越來越多的高橋墩大跨連續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋被采用。由于地形等因素的影響，此類橋梁的橋墩高度普遍較高。因此,在施工過程中，，高橋墩易受溫度和風(fēng)力等因素的影響，其墩頂變形量也會隨著高度的增加而加劇。由于橋墩變形會對整個(gè)橋梁的結(jié)構(gòu)受力和使用安全產(chǎn)生很大影響。因此,對橋墩的變形監(jiān)測是非常有必要的。經(jīng)過多年發(fā)展，GPS變形監(jiān)測技術(shù)已經(jīng)在高大結(jié)構(gòu)物監(jiān)測方面取得了突破性的進(jìn)展，能很好的完成高大結(jié)構(gòu)物的變形監(jiān)測。但GPS變形監(jiān)測技術(shù)所獲取的觀測數(shù)據(jù)序列需要經(jīng)過有效的處理才能滿足變形監(jiān)測的需要。因此，本文以赫章特大橋超高橋墩的GPS變形監(jiān)測為依托，針對其在實(shí)施變形監(jiān)測和數(shù)據(jù)處理時(shí)所面對的問題，作了以下幾個(gè)方面的研究： 1、在閱讀大量已有文獻(xiàn)資料的基礎(chǔ)上，對引起超高橋墩變形的因素進(jìn)行了總結(jié)與具體闡述。同時(shí)根據(jù)橋墩監(jiān)測的要求與目的，從超高橋墩結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測與幾何監(jiān)測兩個(gè)方面具體論述了目前常用的監(jiān)測方法與項(xiàng)目。 2、采用動態(tài)軌跡估計(jì)法處理所獲取GPS變形觀測數(shù)據(jù)。對變形監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析并得到GPS觀測數(shù)據(jù)主要受多路徑誤差、風(fēng)振和日照等因素的影響，同時(shí)結(jié)合赫章特大橋超高橋墩的具體實(shí)際環(huán)境，具體分析了各因素對高橋墩變形影響的特性。 3、針對GPS變形監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)處理，研究利用TEQC+QCVIEW32方法消除多路徑效應(yīng)影響顯著的數(shù)據(jù)段，并且分析利用一階差分法和小波分析法對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行粗差探測的優(yōu)劣。研究利用快速傅里葉變換（FFT）獲取超高橋墩的主頻所在的頻段，并利用小波分析得到超高橋墩的自振信號和頻譜特性，掌握了超高橋墩的健康狀況。最后結(jié)合GPS與TCA2003所監(jiān)測的數(shù)據(jù)，分析并總結(jié)了超高橋墩的變形規(guī)律及其變形原因，為超高橋墩的施工控制提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic construction in western China, more and more long-span continuous rigid frame bridges with high piers have been adopted. Due to the influence of terrain and other factors, the pier height of such bridges is generally high. In the process of construction, the high pier is easily affected by temperature and wind. The deformation at the top of the pier will also be aggravated with the increase of height. Because the deformation of the pier will have a great impact on the structural stress and safety of the whole bridge. It is very necessary to monitor the deformation of bridge piers. After years of development, GPS deformation monitoring technology has made a breakthrough in the monitoring of tall structures. Deformation monitoring of tall structures can be completed very well, but the observation data sequence obtained by GPS deformation monitoring technology needs to be effectively processed to meet the needs of deformation monitoring. In this paper, based on the GPS deformation monitoring of the super high pier of Hezhang Bridge, the following aspects are studied in view of the problems it faces in the implementation of deformation monitoring and data processing. 1. On the basis of reading a large number of existing documents, the factors causing deformation of super-high piers are summarized and concretely expounded. At the same time, according to the requirements and purposes of pier monitoring. The monitoring methods and items commonly used at present are discussed in detail from the two aspects of structural monitoring and geometric monitoring of super-high piers. 2. The GPS deformation observation data are processed by dynamic trajectory estimation method. The deformation monitoring data are analyzed and the GPS observation data are mainly affected by multipath error, wind vibration and sunshine. At the same time, combined with the actual environment of the super high pier of Hezhang super bridge, the influence of various factors on the deformation of the high pier is analyzed in detail. 3. Aiming at the pre-processing of GPS deformation monitoring data, the TEQC QCVIEW32 method is used to eliminate the significant multi-path effect data segments. The advantages and disadvantages of the first order difference method and wavelet analysis to detect gross error of the data are analyzed. The frequency band of the main frequency of the super high bridge pier is obtained by using fast Fourier transform (FFT). Wavelet analysis is used to obtain the natural vibration signal and spectrum characteristics of the super-high pier, and the health status of the super-high pier is mastered. Finally, the data monitored by GPS and TCA2003 are combined. This paper analyzes and summarizes the deformation law of super high bridge pier and its causes, which provides the basis for construction control of super high bridge pier.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4;U446

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