【摘要】：近年來,地裂縫與地面沉降作為一種城市地質災害,由于城市用水的激增,其危害性逐步增大,已為城市建設帶來了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。其中,以西安市最為顯著。通過不斷的深入調查研究,基本形成一個共識,西安地裂縫是由構造因素控制的,而近年來地裂縫活動加劇主要是由于超采地下水導致的,但關于超采地下水如何影響地裂縫活動以及地裂縫超�；顒尤绾斡绊懙叵滤\移仍未有定論。本文在整理西安地鐵1-5號線工可階段勘察資料的基礎上,對西安不同地裂縫以及不同地貌單元地裂縫的兩盤水位差異現(xiàn)象進行了總結,根據(jù)統(tǒng)計發(fā)現(xiàn)兩盤水位整體趨勢為上盤水位高于下盤,且由東南向西北隨地貌單元變化,兩盤水位差異逐漸減小。結合勞動路跨地裂縫水文地質抽水試驗成果資料,首先對西安地裂縫的涌水量進行了統(tǒng)計,發(fā)現(xiàn)下盤穩(wěn)定后抽水流量是上盤的3倍還多;其次,采用裘布依公式、k00法以及水位恢復法三種方法計算滲透系數(shù),同時采用穩(wěn)定的S-lnr曲線圖解法計算影響半徑,通過它們的差異性提出了地裂縫具有隔水與透水兩面性觀點;最后,通過潛水等水位線框圖、水質分析以及沉降觀測等值線圖的比較,再次驗證了以上觀點,說明了地裂縫活動會影響潛水水位運移。文章最后采用Geo-Studio數(shù)值模擬軟件對抽水對地裂縫活動的影響進行了模擬,驗證了抽水引起的地層差異沉降壓密機理;再采用Geo-Studio數(shù)值模擬軟件模擬了有無地裂縫情況下地下水的運移情況,對地裂縫具有隔水與透水的兩面性進行了驗證。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as a kind of urban geological disaster, ground fissures and land subsidence, due to the surge of urban water use, their harmfulness has gradually increased, which has brought huge economic losses to urban construction. Among them, Xi'an is the most significant. Through continuous in-depth investigation and research, a consensus has been basically reached that the ground fissures in Xi'an are controlled by tectonic factors, and the intensification of ground fissures in recent years is mainly caused by overexploitation of groundwater. However, there is no conclusion as to how overexploitation of groundwater affects the activity of ground fissures and how the abnormal activities of ground fissures affect the movement of groundwater. On the basis of sorting out the survey data of Xi'an Metro Line 1 / 5, this paper summarizes the water level differences between different ground fissures and different geomorphological units in Xi'an. According to the statistics, it is found that the overall trend of the water level of the two plates is that the water level of the upper plate is higher than that of the lower plate, and the difference of the water level between the two plates decreases gradually with the change of the geomorphological unit from southeast to northwest. Combined with the hydrogeological pumping test data of the ground fissures across the labor road, the water inrush of the ground fissures in Xi'an is counted, and it is found that the pumping flow rate after the lower plate is stable is more than three times that of the upper plate. Secondly, the permeability coefficient is calculated by Jobu formula, K00 method and water level recovery method, and the influence radius is calculated by stable S-lnr curve method. Through their differences, the viewpoint that ground fissures have two sides of water isolation and permeability is put forward. Finally, through the comparison of diving isolevel diagram, water quality analysis and settlement observation isoline map, the above point of view is verified again, and it is shown that ground fissures will affect the movement of submersible water level. Finally, the influence of pumping on ground fissures is simulated by Geo-Studio numerical simulation software, and the mechanism of formation differential settlement compaction caused by pumping is verified. Then the Geo-Studio numerical simulation software is used to simulate the migration of groundwater with or without ground fissures, and the two sides of ground fissures are verified.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.26

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