測斜儀設(shè)計與應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-22 08:43
【摘要】：隨著我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)對大型工程的需求,國內(nèi)鉆探工程得到了迅速發(fā)展,作為觀測井身、檢測其內(nèi)部位置和角度變化的專用儀器,鉆孔測斜儀能夠精確測量井口的傾斜角、方位角以及工具面角,廣泛應(yīng)用于斜井及定向井井身軌跡的測量。本設(shè)計采用新型傳感器作為檢測單元,利用單片機作為控制核心,保證了系統(tǒng)的精度以及工作的穩(wěn)定性。本文通過分析對比國內(nèi)外測斜技術(shù),詳細介紹了測斜系統(tǒng)的模型建立方法。根據(jù)模型坐標系的變換,得出了方位角、傾斜角以及工具面角的定義,針對三個不同的參數(shù),給出了相應(yīng)的計算公式推導(dǎo)過程。同時,闡述了加速度傳感器和磁阻傳感器的工作原理,為系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和參數(shù)選取提供了重要依據(jù)。測斜儀的設(shè)計主要包括硬件設(shè)計以及軟件設(shè)計。通過對測斜原理以及傳感器工作原理的分析,本文給出了測斜系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計目標和設(shè)計思路,清晰明確了系統(tǒng)所需要實現(xiàn)的檢測功能、通信功能以及數(shù)據(jù)采集存儲功能,并給出了詳細的硬軟件設(shè)計方案。硬件設(shè)計采用C8051F021作為井下系統(tǒng)的控制核心,利用SCA3060加速度傳感器以及HMC1053磁阻傳感器作為檢測單元,通過TLC2543模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換芯片完成磁阻傳感器的信號采集。而加速度傳感器為數(shù)字芯片,可以直接通過標準的四線制SPI接口與單片機進行通信并完成信號的采集存儲。由于測斜系統(tǒng)的工作環(huán)境為深井之內(nèi),因此整個系統(tǒng)的通信,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸均是設(shè)計過程中的重點和難點。為了整個測試系統(tǒng)的操作方便性,本文采用藍牙無線通信。由于藍牙傳輸受到距離的限制,因此整個測斜儀的控制只能在測試前后進行,井下系統(tǒng)所采集的數(shù)據(jù)需通過大容量FLASH芯片進行存儲,待測試結(jié)束后通過藍牙完成數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。對于系統(tǒng)的電磁兼容問題本文也提出了相關(guān)的解決方案,提高了系統(tǒng)工作運行的可靠性。軟件設(shè)計分為上位機和下位機兩部分,均采用C語言作為編程語言。下位機部分針對不同模塊進行程序設(shè)計,主要包括系統(tǒng)控制、數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)存儲和系統(tǒng)通信。上位機部分主要為系統(tǒng)控制程序。
[Abstract]:With the demand for large-scale projects in the modernization construction of our country, the domestic drilling engineering has been developed rapidly. as a special instrument to observe the wellbore and detect its internal position and angle change, the drilling inclinometer can accurately measure the inclination angle of the wellhead. Azimuth angle and tool surface angle are widely used in the measurement of inclined well trajectory and directional well trajectory. In this design, a new sensor is used as the detection unit and the single chip microcomputer is used as the control core to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system. In this paper, the model establishment method of oblique measurement system is introduced in detail by analyzing and comparing the oblique measurement technology at home and abroad. According to the transformation of the model coordinate system, the definitions of azimuth angle, inclination angle and tool surface angle are obtained, and the corresponding calculation formula derivation process is given according to three different parameters. At the same time, the working principle of acceleration sensor and magnetoresistive sensor is described, which provides an important basis for the structure design and parameter selection of the system. The design of inclinometer mainly includes hardware design and software design. Through the analysis of the principle of oblique measurement and the working principle of the sensor, this paper gives the overall design goal and design idea of the oblique measurement system, and clearly defines the detection function, communication function and data acquisition and storage function of the system. The detailed hardware and software design scheme is given. In the hardware design, C8051F021 is used as the control core of the downhole system, SCA3060 acceleration sensor and HMC1053 magnetoresistive sensor are used as the detection unit, and the signal acquisition of the magnetoresistive sensor is completed by TLC2543 analog-to-digital conversion chip. The acceleration sensor is a digital chip, which can communicate with single chip microcomputer directly through the standard four-wire SPI interface and complete the signal acquisition and storage. Because the working environment of the deviation measurement system is in the deep well, the communication and data transmission of the whole system are the key and difficult points in the design process. In order to facilitate the operation of the whole test system, Bluetooth wireless communication is used in this paper. Because the Bluetooth transmission is limited by the distance, the control of the inclinometer can only be carried out before and after the test. The data collected by the downhole system need to be stored through a large capacity FLASH chip, and the data transmission can be completed by Bluetooth after the test is completed. This paper also puts forward some solutions to the electromagnetic compatibility of the system, which improves the reliability of the system. The software design is divided into two parts: upper computer and lower computer, both of which use C language as programming language. The lower computer program is designed for different modules, including system control, data acquisition, data storage and system communication. The upper computer part is mainly the system control program.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P634.7
本文編號：2482816
[Abstract]:With the demand for large-scale projects in the modernization construction of our country, the domestic drilling engineering has been developed rapidly. as a special instrument to observe the wellbore and detect its internal position and angle change, the drilling inclinometer can accurately measure the inclination angle of the wellhead. Azimuth angle and tool surface angle are widely used in the measurement of inclined well trajectory and directional well trajectory. In this design, a new sensor is used as the detection unit and the single chip microcomputer is used as the control core to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system. In this paper, the model establishment method of oblique measurement system is introduced in detail by analyzing and comparing the oblique measurement technology at home and abroad. According to the transformation of the model coordinate system, the definitions of azimuth angle, inclination angle and tool surface angle are obtained, and the corresponding calculation formula derivation process is given according to three different parameters. At the same time, the working principle of acceleration sensor and magnetoresistive sensor is described, which provides an important basis for the structure design and parameter selection of the system. The design of inclinometer mainly includes hardware design and software design. Through the analysis of the principle of oblique measurement and the working principle of the sensor, this paper gives the overall design goal and design idea of the oblique measurement system, and clearly defines the detection function, communication function and data acquisition and storage function of the system. The detailed hardware and software design scheme is given. In the hardware design, C8051F021 is used as the control core of the downhole system, SCA3060 acceleration sensor and HMC1053 magnetoresistive sensor are used as the detection unit, and the signal acquisition of the magnetoresistive sensor is completed by TLC2543 analog-to-digital conversion chip. The acceleration sensor is a digital chip, which can communicate with single chip microcomputer directly through the standard four-wire SPI interface and complete the signal acquisition and storage. Because the working environment of the deviation measurement system is in the deep well, the communication and data transmission of the whole system are the key and difficult points in the design process. In order to facilitate the operation of the whole test system, Bluetooth wireless communication is used in this paper. Because the Bluetooth transmission is limited by the distance, the control of the inclinometer can only be carried out before and after the test. The data collected by the downhole system need to be stored through a large capacity FLASH chip, and the data transmission can be completed by Bluetooth after the test is completed. This paper also puts forward some solutions to the electromagnetic compatibility of the system, which improves the reliability of the system. The software design is divided into two parts: upper computer and lower computer, both of which use C language as programming language. The lower computer program is designed for different modules, including system control, data acquisition, data storage and system communication. The upper computer part is mainly the system control program.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P634.7
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)會議論文 前1條
1 康健;王伯雄;胡仲翔;;基于C8051F320的鉆井定向數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計[A];2009中國儀器儀表與測控技術(shù)大會論文集[C];2009年
，本文編號：2482816
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