【摘要】：我國碳酸鹽巖分布廣泛,尤其在西南的滇、黔、桂等地區(qū),巖溶發(fā)育非常強烈,對鐵路公路等線狀工程的建設(shè)和運行帶來了很大的危害。能夠針對巖溶路基提出行之有效的工程治理措施意義重大。新建云桂鐵路在云南境內(nèi)約434km,沿線碳酸鹽巖分布廣泛。在珠琳段各種巖溶形態(tài)都相對發(fā)育,地表巖溶及地下巖溶對鐵路建設(shè)的不良影響顯著。因此本論文選取新建云桂鐵路珠琳段作為研究對象,在現(xiàn)場調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上對其巖溶發(fā)育特征及其對工程的影響進行研究。本論文所做的研究目的如下：通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)查、現(xiàn)場試驗及其鉆孔資料查明試驗段巖溶發(fā)育特征,進而提出針對性整治措施,并對現(xiàn)場注漿整治前后的地下水消散過程及形式進行數(shù)值模擬,以此對整治措施的可行性進行表征,并對現(xiàn)場整治進一步優(yōu)化。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下：(1)對研究區(qū)以及試驗段地質(zhì)情況的深刻認(rèn)識,云桂鐵路珠琳段位于滇東南高原地貌區(qū),此處基巖幾乎為碳酸鹽巖,可溶蝕性強,構(gòu)造相對發(fā)育。(2)在對試驗段的現(xiàn)場鉆孔資料統(tǒng)計和現(xiàn)場試驗完成后,分別對四個小段的基巖面起伏情況、表層溶蝕破碎帶起伏情況,地下溶洞的發(fā)育情況,覆蓋層厚度變化情況,地下水位的變化情況進行了分析總結(jié),得到試驗段巖溶發(fā)育規(guī)律。(3)新建云桂鐵路全線43.7%為巖溶線路段,對試驗段沿線可溶巖的分布特征、組合形式,巖溶發(fā)育程度進行總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)洼地是分布最為廣泛、產(chǎn)生危害最高的巖溶發(fā)育形態(tài)。其中峰叢洼地和溶丘洼地作為最常見的溶蝕地貌,分別占巖溶線路段的44%、26%。因此將峰叢洼地和溶丘洼地的發(fā)育作為研究重點。(4)珠琳試驗段主要分布于舊莫河和南丘河中部的分水嶺地區(qū)。其中洼地的演化具有雙向性,既受區(qū)域河流溯源侵蝕波及的影響,還繼承古溶原面上自身演化的特征。具有較為典型的補給型洼地特點：以淺碟形為主；地下巖溶空間不大但相對均勻；土層厚度大,結(jié)構(gòu)多元；地下水位埋藏較淺,動態(tài)變化不大。(5)論文采用數(shù)值模擬的方法得到,覆蓋層微小變形洼地對巖溶路基來說威脅較�。恢行乃萃莸乩^續(xù)產(chǎn)生塌陷的可能性極大；豎井連通洼地只要避讓豎井中心,基本不會產(chǎn)生病害。(6)論文最后根據(jù)珠琳試驗段現(xiàn)場條件,對四個小段提出了針對性很強的整治措施,并對注漿效果進行了評價。
[Abstract]:Carbonate rocks are widely distributed in China, especially in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other areas in the southwest, karst development is very strong, which has brought great harm to the construction and operation of railway and highway projects. It is of great significance to put forward effective engineering treatment measures for karst subgrade. The newly-built Yunnan-Gui Railway is located in Yunnan Province with a wide distribution of carbonate rocks. All kinds of karst forms are relatively developed in Zhulin section, and the surface karst and underground karst have a significant negative effect on railway construction. Therefore, this paper selects Zhulin section of the newly built Yun-Gui Railway as the research object, and studies its karst development characteristics and its influence on the project on the basis of field investigation. The purpose of this paper is as follows: through field investigation, field test and borehole data to find out the characteristics of karst development in the test section, and then put forward targeted remediation measures. The process and form of groundwater dissipation before and after grouting treatment were numerically simulated to characterize the feasibility of remediation measures and to further optimize the field remediation. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) from the deep understanding of the geological conditions in the study area and the experimental section, the Zhulin section of Yun-Gui Railway is located in the geomorphological area of the southeastern Yunnan Plateau, where the bedrock is almost carbonate rock, which has strong solubility and erodibility. The structure is relatively developed. (2) after the statistics of field borehole data and field test are completed, four small sections of bedrock surface fluctuation, surface dissolution and fracture zone fluctuation, underground karst cave development are respectively studied. The variation of overburden thickness and groundwater level are analyzed and summarized, and the karst development law of the test section is obtained. (3) 43.7% of the whole railway line of Yunnan-Gui railway is the karst section, and the distribution characteristics of the soluble rock along the test section are discussed. Combining form and karst development degree, it is found that the depressions are the most widely distributed and the most harmful karst development forms. Among them, the peak cluster depression and the dissolved hill depression are the most common karst landforms, accounting for 44% and 26% of the karst section, respectively. Therefore, the development of peak cluster depression and dissolving hill depression is regarded as the focus of the study. (4) the Zhulin experimental section is mainly distributed in the watershed area of the middle part of the Old Mo River and the South Qiu River. The evolution of the depressions is bidirectional, which is affected not only by the traceability of the regional rivers, but also by the evolution of the paleolysin surface. It has the characteristics of typical recharge type depressions: shallow saucer shape, small but relatively uniform underground karst space, large thickness of soil layer and multiple structures; The underground water level is shallow and the dynamic change is not so great. (5) the paper uses numerical simulation method to get the conclusion that the small deformation depressions of overburden are less threatening to the karst subgrade, and the possibility of the center collapsing depressions continues to be great. In the end, according to the field conditions of Zhulin test section, four segments are put forward, and the grouting effect is evaluated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U212.22;P642.25

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