發(fā)布時間：2018-06-06 19:03

  本文選題：沉積微相 + 儲層結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《長江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：油田進入后期高含水階段,油水關(guān)系變的尤為復(fù)雜,剩余油零星分布。雖然剩余油的分布特征及其類型多種多樣,但整體為局部相對富集。剩余油的形成是儲層的非均質(zhì)性引起的,因此,提高油田采收率,要從儲層角度出發(fā),解剖儲層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),刻畫出導(dǎo)致剩余油形成的典型結(jié)構(gòu)樣式,進而指導(dǎo)其他地區(qū)的勘探應(yīng)用。研究工區(qū)位于薩爾圖油田西南地區(qū),為三角洲平原和三角洲前緣沉積,縱向上共有薩爾圖、葡萄花兩套碎屑巖油層。工區(qū)自1964年主力油層投入開發(fā)以來,陸續(xù)經(jīng)歷了三次大的調(diào)整,共有6套井網(wǎng),井網(wǎng)控制程度高,井網(wǎng)密度在100m左右。薩爾圖油田已經(jīng)進入開發(fā)中后期,“三高兩低”的矛盾日益凸顯,即綜合含水率高、采油速度高、采出程度高、采收率低和儲采比低。平面水淹面積大,剩余油分布復(fù)雜,開采的矛盾由層間轉(zhuǎn)到了層內(nèi)矛盾以及儲層砂體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)之間的矛盾,開采程度高而采收率低的局面也對剩余油研究提出了更高的要求。控制剩余油形成最關(guān)鍵的因素在于儲層,特別是連片分布的大型砂巖,非均質(zhì)程度高,內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。因此,從儲層角度出發(fā),刻畫儲層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),進行井間剩余油研究；其次,通過注采對應(yīng)關(guān)系分析平面剩余油分布；最后,綜合儲層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)以及平面剩余油分析,分析剩余油成因。具體采用以下思路進行本次研究：運用基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)資料和測井資料,進行沉積微相的劃分,為后期檢查井以及剩余油成因分析奠定基礎(chǔ)；再從統(tǒng)計學(xué)的角度出發(fā),分析工區(qū)內(nèi)4口相鄰檢查井不同砂體類型的綜合水洗程度以及剩余油潛力砂體類型；最后根據(jù)注采受效關(guān)系刻畫注入水運動趨勢,揭示平面水淹關(guān)系,并從地質(zhì)角度出發(fā),運用儲層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)解剖的方法,對剩余油成因加以研究分析,總結(jié)導(dǎo)致原油被屏蔽形成剩余油的結(jié)構(gòu)樣式。論文具體開展了以下工作：1.根據(jù)研究區(qū)提供的地質(zhì)資料和測井資料,結(jié)合前人的研究成果以及沉積背景,對薩爾圖、葡萄花油層進行了沉積微相分析,確定了7種主要沉積微相類型：分流河道微相、主體薄層砂微相、非主體薄層砂微相、分流間微相、水下分流河道微相、主體席狀砂微相、非主體席狀砂微相；弄清楚了砂體平面分布特征以及儲層結(jié)構(gòu)差異,為剩余油分布與形成分析提供了基礎(chǔ)。2.對工區(qū)內(nèi)相鄰的4口檢查井樣品進行了統(tǒng)計,首先對4口井的樣品進行砂體類型歸類,共分為河道底部、河道中部、河道頂部、薄層表內(nèi)、表內(nèi)底部、表內(nèi)中部、表內(nèi)頂部、孤立表外、底部表外和頂部表外10種砂體類型；再根據(jù)檢查井提供的精確的水洗結(jié)果,按不同砂體類型不同水洗特征和相同水洗特征不同砂體類型的分析方式,對每種砂體類型水洗特征比重做了詳細的分析,并進行了剩余油潛力分析,包括砂體的類型以及存在的部位。3.通過工區(qū)內(nèi)詳細水淹解釋數(shù)據(jù)以及井網(wǎng)開發(fā)史,根據(jù)油水井的相對位置以及射孔層段,采用“老井高淹,新井低淹”的思路對注采系統(tǒng)的受效區(qū)域以及注入水流線運動趨勢進行刻畫,繪制平面水淹分布圖。4.以相鄰的4口檢查井精確的水洗資料為指導(dǎo),對其進行砂體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)解剖,從地質(zhì)角度出發(fā),分析剩余油成因,最終總結(jié)了6種容易產(chǎn)生剩余油的典型結(jié)構(gòu)屏蔽樣式：①優(yōu)勢砂體末端屏蔽；②砂體異位屏蔽；③河道切疊處屏蔽；④曲流河點壩側(cè)積體內(nèi)夾層屏蔽；⑤砂體過渡帶屏蔽；⑥優(yōu)勢通道附近屏蔽。總結(jié)了4種剩余油賦存樣式：①結(jié)構(gòu)屏蔽形成剩余油；②砂巖中泥紋控制的剩余油；③開發(fā)不完善形成剩余油；④非主力薄層溢岸砂內(nèi)剩余油。綜合之,論文結(jié)合工區(qū)資料和大量基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)工作對薩爾圖油田北二西區(qū)地質(zhì)特征有了嶄新認識。通過對檢查井砂體類型以及水洗特征的統(tǒng)計分析,明確了該地區(qū)剩余油富集的砂體類型以及分布特征；再根據(jù)檢查井解釋結(jié)果,對水淹程度低的部位進行砂體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)解剖從而總結(jié)屏蔽產(chǎn)生剩余油的結(jié)構(gòu)樣式,并對剩余油賦存樣式加以討論,為油田下一步生產(chǎn)與調(diào)整提供了參考。
[Abstract]:In the late stage of high water cut, the relationship between oil and water becomes particularly complex and the remaining oil is scattered. Although the distribution characteristics and types of remaining oil are varied, the whole is partial relative enrichment. The formation of the remaining oil is caused by the heterogeneity of the reservoir. Therefore, to improve the recovery of oil fields, the reservoir should be dissected from the reservoir angle. It depicts the typical structural styles that lead to the formation of remaining oil, and then guides the exploration and application of other areas. The research area is located in the southwest of Saertu oilfield, which is a delta plain and delta front margin, with a total of two sets of clastic rocks in Saertu and grape flowers. After three great adjustments, there are 6 sets of well networks with high well net control and well network density of about 100m. The Saertu oilfield has already entered the middle and late stages of development. The contradiction of "three high and two low" has become increasingly prominent, that is, high comprehensive water content, high oil recovery speed, high recovery degree, low recovery yield and low production ratio. The surface water flooded area is large and the remaining oil distribution is complex. The contradiction between mining and mining is transferred from interlayer to inner contradiction and the contradiction between the inner structure of the reservoir sand body. The situation of high mining degree and low recovery yield also puts forward higher requirements for the study of remaining oil. The most critical factor in controlling the formation of residual oil lies in the reservoir, especially the large sandstone with continuous distribution, with high heterogeneity and internal knot. Therefore, from the reservoir angle, the internal structure of the reservoir is depicted and the residual oil in the well is studied. Secondly, the residual oil distribution in the plane is analyzed by the corresponding relationship between injection and production. Finally, the internal structure of the reservoir and the analysis of the remaining oil are analyzed to analyze the cause of the remaining oil. The data and logging data are divided in the sedimentary microfacies to lay the foundation for the later inspection well and the analysis of residual oil origin; then, from the statistical point of view, the comprehensive water washing degree and the potential sand body type of the remaining oil in 4 adjacent inspection wells in the industrial area are analyzed. Finally, the injection water transport is depicted according to the effect relationship of injection production. Dynamic trend, reveal the plane water flooding relationship, and from the geological point of view, use the method of the internal structure of the reservoir to study and analyze the cause of the remaining oil, summarize the structural style of the residual oil caused by the shielding of the crude oil. The following work is carried out in this paper: 1. according to the geological and logging data provided in the study area, it combines with the predecessors. On the basis of the research and sedimentary background, the sedimentary microfacies of Saertu, the grapevine oil layer were analyzed, and 7 types of main sedimentary microfacies were identified: the distributary channel microfacies, the main thin layer sand microfacies, the non main thin layer sand microfacies, the distributary microfacies, the underwater distributary channel microphase, the main sheet sand microphase and the non main sheet sand microfacies. The plane distribution characteristics of sand body and the difference of reservoir structure provide a basis for the analysis of the distribution and formation of residual oil and the analysis of 4 adjacent inspection wells in the industrial area. First, the samples of 4 wells are classified as the bottom of the river, the middle of the river, the top of the river channel, the thin sheet, the bottom of the surface, the middle part of the table, and the inside of the table. The top, outside the table, the bottom surface and the top surface are 10 kinds of sand body types. According to the accurate water washing results provided by the inspection wells, the water washing characteristics of each sand body type are analyzed in detail according to the different washing characteristics of different sand body types and the different sand body types of the same water washing characteristics, and the potential of the remaining oil is carried out. The analysis, including the type of sand body and the existing location.3. through the detailed water flooding interpretation data and the history of well network development, according to the relative position of the oil and water wells and the perforation layer, uses the idea of "old well flooding, new well low flooding" to depict the affected area of the injection production system and the movement trend of injection flow line, and draw flat water. The submergence map.4., guided by the accurate water washing data of 4 adjacent wells, carries out the internal structural anatomy of the sand body, analyzes the causes of the remaining oil from the geological point of view, and finally summarizes 6 typical structural shielding styles that are easy to produce residual oil: (1) the end screen of the dominant sand body; (2) the sand body ectopic shielding; 3. Masking; (4) the interlayer shielding in the side of the Quanda river point dam; (5) the shielding of the sand body transition zone; (6) shielding near the dominant channel. 4 remaining oil occurrence styles are summarized: (1) the residual oil is formed by the shielding of the structure; the remaining oil is controlled by the mud grain in the sandstone; (3) the remaining oil is formed by the imperfect development; (4) the residual oil in the non main thin layer of the overflow sand. According to the work area data and a large number of basic geological work, the paper has a new understanding of the geological characteristics of the north two west area of Saertu oilfield. Through the statistical analysis of the types of sand body and the characteristics of water washing, the types and distribution characteristics of the enriched sand body in this area are clearly defined, and the water flooded degree is low according to the interpretation results of the inspection wells. The structure of the internal structure of the sand body is carried out to summarize the structural style of the residual oil produced by shielding, and the remaining oil occurrence style is discussed, which provides a reference for the production and adjustment of the next oil field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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