發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-06 18:07

  本文選題：華北平原 + 地下水?dāng)?shù)值模型　； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近五十年來(lái),隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,人類活動(dòng)對(duì)華北平原地下水產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。由于對(duì)地下水的長(zhǎng)期過量開采,誘發(fā)了一系列環(huán)境地質(zhì)問題。本文首先利用GMS軟件及改進(jìn)后的Modflow2005程序,構(gòu)建2000-2010年長(zhǎng)序列現(xiàn)狀開采條件下的華北平原地下水流數(shù)值模型,然后依據(jù)以往研究資料和前人研究成果,制定出華北平原淺層和深層地下水環(huán)境約束水位,并以此來(lái)計(jì)算穩(wěn)定于環(huán)境約束水位的華北平原地下水可開采資源量。首先對(duì)華北平原地下水可開采資源量進(jìn)行粗略估算,主要用到了兩種方法。第一種方法是根據(jù)華北平原地下水開采量組成分析來(lái)直接計(jì)算環(huán)境約束水位條件下的地下水可開采資源量;第二種方法是在現(xiàn)狀開采條件的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)地下水均衡原理計(jì)算從現(xiàn)狀水位演變到環(huán)境約束水位的過程中各均衡項(xiàng)的變化量,從而求得穩(wěn)定于環(huán)境約束水位條件下的地下水可開采資源量。兩種方法的理論依據(jù)均為地下水均衡原理。根據(jù)兩種方法分別算出的環(huán)境約束水位條件下的地下水可開采資源量范圍為150.00~176.00×10~8m~3/a、148.50~166.00×10~8m~3/a,并以第一種算出的結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行可開采資源量反算。根據(jù)地下水均衡原理,并結(jié)合前述地下水流數(shù)值模型,對(duì)初步確定的可開采資源量反算。在多次反算后,淺層地下水位基本回復(fù)至淺層環(huán)境約束水位。深層可開采資源量在五次反算后地下水位與約束水位的差值不再有明顯變化或者變化很微小,兩者水位的差值基本趨于穩(wěn)定;而從六次反算后各區(qū)縣深層水位與環(huán)境約束水位的差(Y_n)和單位面積單位時(shí)間的可開采資源量(X_n)呈明顯的線性關(guān)系,并以此來(lái)計(jì)算當(dāng)Y_n為0時(shí)—即深層水位和深層環(huán)境約束水位重合時(shí),各區(qū)縣的可開采資源量。經(jīng)線性反算后,華北平原地下水可開采資源總量為168.74×10~8m~3/a,其中淺層可開采資源量為150.56×10~8m~3/a,相對(duì)于現(xiàn)狀開采量減少了30.35×10~8m~3/a;深層可開采資源量為18.18×10~8m~3/a,相對(duì)于現(xiàn)狀開采量減少了15.01×10~8m~3/a。并依據(jù)最終反算所得的地下水可開采資源量,對(duì)華北平原各省市淺層和深層的地下水壓采方案提出了部分建議。
[Abstract]:In the past 50 years, with the rapid development of social economy, human activities have had a great impact on groundwater in North China Plain. A series of environmental geological problems have been induced due to the long-term overexploitation of groundwater. In this paper, a numerical model of groundwater flow in North China Plain is constructed by using GMS software and improved Modflow2005 program, and then based on previous research data and previous research results, a numerical model of groundwater flow in North China Plain is constructed under the condition of current mining of older sequences in 2000-2010. The environmental confined water levels of shallow and deep groundwater in North China Plain are worked out, and the recoverable resources of groundwater in North China Plain are calculated. Firstly, two methods are used to estimate the recoverable groundwater resources in North China Plain. The first method is based on the composition analysis of groundwater exploitation in North China Plain to directly calculate the recoverable groundwater resources under the condition of environmental constraint water level. The second method is based on the current mining conditions. According to the principle of groundwater equilibrium, the variation of each equilibrium term in the process from the current water level to the environmental restricted water level is calculated, and the recoverable resources of groundwater under the condition of environmental constraint water level are obtained. The theoretical basis of the two methods is the principle of groundwater equilibrium. According to the two methods, the recoverable resource range of groundwater under the condition of environmental constraint water level is 150.00,176.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.50 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 According to the principle of groundwater equilibrium and the numerical model of groundwater flow mentioned above, the preliminary determination of recoverable resources is back calculated. After several backcalculations, the shallow groundwater level is basically restored to the shallow ambient confined water level. The difference between the underground water level and the confined water level is no longer obvious or small after five backcalculations, and the difference between the two levels tends to be stable. However, there is an obvious linear relationship between the difference between the deep water level and the environment-constrained water level and the recoverable resource quantity per unit time per unit area of each district and county after six inverse calculations. With this method, the recoverable resources of each district and county can be calculated when Y _ n is 0, that is, when the deep water level and the deep environmental constrained water level coincide with each other. After linear inverse calculation, the total recoverable resources of groundwater in North China Plain is 168.74 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3 / a), in which the recoverable resource of shallow layer is 150.56 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-1) / a, which is 30.35 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-3 / a) less than that of the present situation, and the quantity of deep recoverable resources is 18.18 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3 / a), which is 15.01 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-3 / a) less than that of the present situation. Based on the recoverable groundwater resources, some suggestions are put forward for the shallow and deep groundwater pressure recovery schemes of provinces and cities in the North China Plain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.8

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