本文選題：區(qū)域重力場變化 + 位場反演　； 參考：《中國地震局地球物理研究所》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：區(qū)域重力場變化的場源特征研究是了解地下物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)與構(gòu)造運動的基礎(chǔ),是研究地球動力學(xué)過程的重要手段,是研究地震孕育與發(fā)震機理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文應(yīng)用區(qū)域重力場變化數(shù)據(jù),通過反演技術(shù)來獲取場源特征參數(shù)。在現(xiàn)有的重力位場理論模型基礎(chǔ)上,選擇了歐拉反褶積(Euler deconvolution)方法實現(xiàn)對區(qū)域重力場變化數(shù)據(jù)的反演。首先,本文總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外近幾十年歐拉反褶積方法進(jìn)行的一系列改進(jìn)措施,分析了歐拉反褶積方法處理的兩個關(guān)鍵問題,即構(gòu)造指數(shù)和滑動窗口的選取問題,并討論了如何解決歐拉解的發(fā)散性和穩(wěn)定性等問題。其次,采用直立圓柱體模型和直六面體模型模擬了重力異常及重力導(dǎo)數(shù)異常,發(fā)現(xiàn)在異常體邊緣重力導(dǎo)數(shù)具有比重力本身更高的靈敏度和分辨率,能更好的識別多個異常體。運用常規(guī)歐拉反褶積方法、重力垂直導(dǎo)數(shù)的歐拉方法、重力水平度的歐拉方法以及解析信號的歐拉方法對單個異常源和組合異常源模型進(jìn)行模擬,開展對重力變化場源特征的定性和定量研究,能有效地圈定異常源的邊界位置并定位深度位置,通過反演獲得最佳構(gòu)造指數(shù)和反演參數(shù),在此基礎(chǔ)上,用水平梯度濾波方法進(jìn)行處理獲取了較為收斂的歐拉解。最后,對川滇交界地區(qū)2012年到2014年連續(xù)6期的實測流動重力數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理分析了其空間分布規(guī)律,并在模型優(yōu)選的基礎(chǔ)上,嘗試將三維歐拉反褶積方法用于川滇交界地區(qū)實測流動重力信號的場源位置反演,結(jié)合2014年8月3號魯?shù)镸s6.5地震的場源分布情況,發(fā)現(xiàn)歐拉方法反演的異常源與實際魯?shù)榈卣鸬陌l(fā)震位置相吻合,都集中在昭通斷裂帶附近,且深度上也相符合,反演深度主要集中在20±10km。本文研究表明：歐拉反褶積方法能對流動重力信號進(jìn)行反演和解釋,探測地殼內(nèi)部可能的物質(zhì)遷移,圈定場源的邊界位置和深度位置,為流動重力獲得的區(qū)域重力場變化信號的反演和解釋提供了思路和方法。但歐拉反褶積方法也有其局限性,比如解的穩(wěn)定性和發(fā)散性問題,仍是今后歐拉反褶積方法研究重點和改進(jìn)的主要方向,這對解決歐拉反褶積方法在重磁位場資料的反演和解釋和應(yīng)中具有重要意義。本文研究內(nèi)容有助于開展以場求源的地球物理數(shù)據(jù)解釋,能為研究地震孕育過程的介質(zhì)變化與構(gòu)造運動等問題提供技術(shù)參考。
[Abstract]:The study of the field source characteristics of the regional gravity field is the basis of understanding the structure and tectonic movement of underground materials, the important means of studying the geodynamic process, and the key technology of studying the seismogenic and seismogenic mechanism. In this paper, the data of regional gravity field variation are used to obtain the characteristic parameters of the field source by inversion technique. Euler deconvolution (Euler deconvolution) method is used to invert the regional gravity field variation data on the basis of the existing gravitational potential field theory model. Firstly, this paper summarizes a series of improvement measures of Euler deconvolution method in recent decades at home and abroad, and analyzes two key problems of Euler deconvolution method, that is, the selection of structural index and sliding window. How to solve the divergence and stability of Euler solution is discussed. Secondly, the vertical cylinder model and the straight hexahedron model are used to simulate the gravity anomaly and the gravity derivative anomaly. It is found that the gravity derivative has higher sensitivity and resolution than gravity itself, and it can better identify multiple abnormal bodies. Using the conventional Euler deconvolution method, the Euler method of vertical derivative of gravity, the Euler method of gravity flatness and the Euler method of analytic signal, the model of single anomaly source and combined anomaly source is simulated. The qualitative and quantitative study of the source characteristics of gravity variation field can effectively delineate the boundary position of the anomalous source and locate the depth position, and obtain the best structural index and inversion parameters by inversion. The convergent Euler solution is obtained by using horizontal gradient filtering method. Finally, the spatial distribution of the measured flow gravity data from 2012 to 2014 in the Sichuan-Yunnan border area is analyzed, and the spatial distribution of the data is analyzed based on the optimal selection of the model. The 3-D Euler deconvolution method is applied to the inversion of the field source position of the measured flow gravity signals in the Sichuan-Yunnan border area, and combined with the field source distribution of the Ludian Ms6.5 earthquake on August 3, 2014. It is found that the anomalous source inversion by Euler method is consistent with that of the actual Ludian earthquake, which is mainly located near the Zhaotong fault zone and in depth, and the inversion depth is mainly 20 鹵10km. The results show that the Euler deconvolution method can invert and interpret the flow gravity signal, detect the possible material migration in the crust, and delineate the boundary and depth position of the field source. It provides a method for inversion and interpretation of regional gravity field variation signal obtained by flow gravity. However, the Euler deconvolution method also has its limitations, such as the stability and divergence of solutions, which is the main research focus and improvement direction of Euler deconvolution method in the future. This is of great significance to the solution of Euler deconvolution in inversion, interpretation and application of gravity and magnetic field data. The research in this paper is helpful to the interpretation of geophysical data derived from the field and can provide a technical reference for the study of the medium change and tectonic movement during the earthquake preparation process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地球物理研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P315.726

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