本文選題：地震活動 + 斜坡失穩(wěn)��； 參考：《中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國地處環(huán)太平洋地震帶與喜馬拉雅山—地中海地震帶之間,地震活動頻度高、強(qiáng)度大、災(zāi)害重。強(qiáng)烈地震導(dǎo)致的崩塌、滑坡等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,給人類的生命、財產(chǎn)等帶來了巨大的損失。為了減少由地震斜坡導(dǎo)致的災(zāi)害,利用宏觀指標(biāo)判別斜坡失穩(wěn),已成為我國當(dāng)今巖土工程和地震工程領(lǐng)域重要的研究課題之一。地震誘發(fā)的斜坡失穩(wěn)往往具有數(shù)量多、分布廣等特點,數(shù)值計算中需要通過勘察、試驗等方法獲取大量的模型參數(shù)和力學(xué)參數(shù),這就導(dǎo)致投入的費(fèi)用及人力物力成本較高,無法適應(yīng)大區(qū)域、多點位的滑坡預(yù)測需求。在城市規(guī)劃的初級階段和震后應(yīng)急等工作中,往往不需要或來不及對區(qū)域內(nèi)的斜坡進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)的預(yù)測,通常需要依據(jù)已有的資料或簡單的野外調(diào)查給出斜坡宏觀穩(wěn)定性判斷。因此,研究斜坡失穩(wěn)的宏觀判別方法對城市防災(zāi)規(guī)劃和震后應(yīng)急具有重要的實際意義。本文介紹了國內(nèi)外滑坡穩(wěn)定性評價方法的研究現(xiàn)狀并總結(jié)了影響斜坡穩(wěn)定性的主要因素。在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國地震滑坡實例,確定了巖性、內(nèi)摩擦角、粘聚力、坡角、坡高、年均降水量、地震動峰值加速度等評價地震作用下斜坡失穩(wěn)的宏觀評價指標(biāo)。這些宏觀指標(biāo)在地震現(xiàn)場可以通過地質(zhì)地形圖、水文資料、地震烈度資料等,或通過簡單的野外勘察工作獲取。本文主要研究巖質(zhì)滑坡,對疊溪地震、爐霍地震、龍陵地震、松潘平武地震、云南麗江地震、汶川地震、魯?shù)榈卣鸬鹊卣鹬惺Х�(wěn)斜坡和穩(wěn)定斜坡中各個宏觀評價指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分級和賦值、計算綜合指標(biāo)值,分析得出判斷斜坡失穩(wěn)的臨界值并建立我國地震斜坡宏觀指標(biāo)評價方法。通過對蘆山地震作用下斜坡實例進(jìn)行失穩(wěn)判別,驗證評價方法的適用性。同時,本文也采取了擬靜力強(qiáng)度折減法對典型邊坡進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計算并與宏觀指標(biāo)評價結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,進(jìn)一步驗證了宏觀方法的合理性。本文的研究工作對開展城市防災(zāi)規(guī)劃和震后應(yīng)急工作具有重要的實用價值。
[Abstract]:China is located between the Pacific Rim seismic belt and the Himalaya-Mediterranean seismic belt. The collapse, landslide and other geological disasters caused by strong earthquake have brought huge losses to human life and property. In order to reduce the disasters caused by seismic slopes, it has become one of the important research topics in the field of geotechnical engineering and seismic engineering in China to use macroscopic indexes to judge slope instability. Earthquake induced slope instability often has the characteristics of large quantity and wide distribution. In numerical calculation, a large number of model parameters and mechanical parameters need to be obtained by means of investigation and test, which leads to the high cost of investment and manpower and material resources. Unable to adapt to large area, multi-point landslide forecast demand. In the primary stage of urban planning and post-earthquake emergency response, it is not necessary or too late to predict the slope in the region accurately. It is usually necessary to judge the macroscopic stability of the slope based on the existing data or simple field investigation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the macroscopic discrimination method of slope instability for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response. This paper introduces the research status of landslide stability evaluation methods at home and abroad and summarizes the main factors affecting slope stability. On the basis of previous studies, combined with the example of earthquake landslide in China, the macroscopic evaluation indexes of slope instability under earthquake are determined, such as lithology, angle of internal friction, cohesion, slope angle, slope height, average annual precipitation, peak acceleration of ground motion and so on. These macroscopic indexes can be obtained from geological topographic maps hydrological data seismic intensity data and so on or through simple field survey work. This paper mainly studies the rock landslide, the Yanxi earthquake, the Luho earthquake, the Longling earthquake, the Songpan Pingwu earthquake, the Yunnan Lijiang earthquake, the Wenchuan earthquake, Every macroscopic evaluation index of unstable slope and stable slope in Ludian earthquake and other earthquakes is classified and assigned, the comprehensive index value is calculated, the critical value of judging slope instability is analyzed, and the evaluation method of macro index of seismic slope in China is established. The applicability of the evaluation method is verified by judging the instability of slopes under the Lushan earthquake. At the same time, the pseudostatic strength reduction method is used to simulate the typical slope and compare with the result of macroscopic index evaluation, which further verifies the rationality of the macroscopic method. The research work in this paper has important practical value for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU435

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