本文選題：地震活動(dòng) + 斜坡失穩(wěn)�。� 參考：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)地處環(huán)太平洋地震帶與喜馬拉雅山—地中海地震帶之間,地震活動(dòng)頻度高、強(qiáng)度大、災(zāi)害重。強(qiáng)烈地震導(dǎo)致的崩塌、滑坡等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,給人類的生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)等帶來了巨大的損失。為了減少由地震斜坡導(dǎo)致的災(zāi)害,利用宏觀指標(biāo)判別斜坡失穩(wěn),已成為我國(guó)當(dāng)今巖土工程和地震工程領(lǐng)域重要的研究課題之一。地震誘發(fā)的斜坡失穩(wěn)往往具有數(shù)量多、分布廣等特點(diǎn),數(shù)值計(jì)算中需要通過勘察、試驗(yàn)等方法獲取大量的模型參數(shù)和力學(xué)參數(shù),這就導(dǎo)致投入的費(fèi)用及人力物力成本較高,無法適應(yīng)大區(qū)域、多點(diǎn)位的滑坡預(yù)測(cè)需求。在城市規(guī)劃的初級(jí)階段和震后應(yīng)急等工作中,往往不需要或來不及對(duì)區(qū)域內(nèi)的斜坡進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)的預(yù)測(cè),通常需要依據(jù)已有的資料或簡(jiǎn)單的野外調(diào)查給出斜坡宏觀穩(wěn)定性判斷。因此,研究斜坡失穩(wěn)的宏觀判別方法對(duì)城市防災(zāi)規(guī)劃和震后應(yīng)急具有重要的實(shí)際意義。本文介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外滑坡穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)方法的研究現(xiàn)狀并總結(jié)了影響斜坡穩(wěn)定性的主要因素。在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國(guó)地震滑坡實(shí)例,確定了巖性、內(nèi)摩擦角、粘聚力、坡角、坡高、年均降水量、地震動(dòng)峰值加速度等評(píng)價(jià)地震作用下斜坡失穩(wěn)的宏觀評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。這些宏觀指標(biāo)在地震現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可以通過地質(zhì)地形圖、水文資料、地震烈度資料等,或通過簡(jiǎn)單的野外勘察工作獲取。本文主要研究巖質(zhì)滑坡,對(duì)疊溪地震、爐霍地震、龍陵地震、松潘平武地震、云南麗江地震、汶川地震、魯?shù)榈卣鸬鹊卣鹬惺Х�(wěn)斜坡和穩(wěn)定斜坡中各個(gè)宏觀評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分級(jí)和賦值、計(jì)算綜合指標(biāo)值,分析得出判斷斜坡失穩(wěn)的臨界值并建立我國(guó)地震斜坡宏觀指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)方法。通過對(duì)蘆山地震作用下斜坡實(shí)例進(jìn)行失穩(wěn)判別,驗(yàn)證評(píng)價(jià)方法的適用性。同時(shí),本文也采取了擬靜力強(qiáng)度折減法對(duì)典型邊坡進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算并與宏觀指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了宏觀方法的合理性。本文的研究工作對(duì)開展城市防災(zāi)規(guī)劃和震后應(yīng)急工作具有重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:China is located between the Pacific Rim seismic belt and the Himalaya-Mediterranean seismic belt. The collapse, landslide and other geological disasters caused by strong earthquake have brought huge losses to human life and property. In order to reduce the disasters caused by seismic slopes, it has become one of the important research topics in the field of geotechnical engineering and seismic engineering in China to use macroscopic indexes to judge slope instability. Earthquake induced slope instability often has the characteristics of large quantity and wide distribution. In numerical calculation, a large number of model parameters and mechanical parameters need to be obtained by means of investigation and test, which leads to the high cost of investment and manpower and material resources. Unable to adapt to large area, multi-point landslide forecast demand. In the primary stage of urban planning and post-earthquake emergency response, it is not necessary or too late to predict the slope in the region accurately. It is usually necessary to judge the macroscopic stability of the slope based on the existing data or simple field investigation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the macroscopic discrimination method of slope instability for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response. This paper introduces the research status of landslide stability evaluation methods at home and abroad and summarizes the main factors affecting slope stability. On the basis of previous studies, combined with the example of earthquake landslide in China, the macroscopic evaluation indexes of slope instability under earthquake are determined, such as lithology, angle of internal friction, cohesion, slope angle, slope height, average annual precipitation, peak acceleration of ground motion and so on. These macroscopic indexes can be obtained from geological topographic maps hydrological data seismic intensity data and so on or through simple field survey work. This paper mainly studies the rock landslide, the Yanxi earthquake, the Luho earthquake, the Longling earthquake, the Songpan Pingwu earthquake, the Yunnan Lijiang earthquake, the Wenchuan earthquake, Every macroscopic evaluation index of unstable slope and stable slope in Ludian earthquake and other earthquakes is classified and assigned, the comprehensive index value is calculated, the critical value of judging slope instability is analyzed, and the evaluation method of macro index of seismic slope in China is established. The applicability of the evaluation method is verified by judging the instability of slopes under the Lushan earthquake. At the same time, the pseudostatic strength reduction method is used to simulate the typical slope and compare with the result of macroscopic index evaluation, which further verifies the rationality of the macroscopic method. The research work in this paper has important practical value for urban disaster prevention planning and post-earthquake emergency response.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU435

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