【摘要】：在科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)、工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活學(xué)習(xí)中溫度這一物理量扮演著重要的角色。在一些特殊條件的場所,測溫的相關(guān)問題就成為了關(guān)鍵性的問題。就溫度計(jì)或溫度傳感器與被測溫場間的相關(guān)性來說,可以將溫度測量法分成接觸和非接觸這兩類測溫方法。非接觸測溫在很多方面都優(yōu)于接觸測溫。非接觸測溫法具有不接觸受測對象、較快響應(yīng)、測量區(qū)間寬和對受測對象溫場不產(chǎn)生影響等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。非接觸測溫法中的輻射測溫法是一種十分關(guān)鍵的測溫法,其較為常用的儀器是輻射溫度計(jì)。利用這種測溫方式可以不干擾被測溫場,不影響溫場分布。但是傳統(tǒng)非接觸測溫會存在操作不方便,探測器響應(yīng)時(shí)間久等不足。因此,本論文針對上述不足設(shè)計(jì)了一種簡單、便捷的非接觸測溫裝置。首先,利用輻射測溫的原理為依據(jù),對輻射溫度計(jì)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)。其次,通過利用TracePro軟件對裝置進(jìn)行模擬,并對光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的可信性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,極大的提高了設(shè)計(jì)的測溫裝置的可信度。最后進(jìn)行自校驗(yàn),在提高測溫裝置便攜性的同時(shí),保證了測量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。針對上述說明,本論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:對8到14μm工作波段的紅外輻射溫度計(jì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)展開設(shè)計(jì),在探究分析已存輻射溫度計(jì)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造的前提下,將本次課題中使用的輻射測溫光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)出來,對光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中的結(jié)構(gòu)元件進(jìn)行了簡化,方便組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)裝備,控制實(shí)驗(yàn)中的客觀變量和調(diào)控實(shí)驗(yàn)光路,構(gòu)建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺。研究結(jié)果表明,在通過初期性能測試后,該系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,在測溫時(shí),使用氟利昂熱管黑體輻射源,測量獲得的黑體輻射源溫度穩(wěn)定性和均勻性優(yōu)于0.2℃。當(dāng)黑體輻射源穩(wěn)定控制在34℃,38℃、42℃時(shí),所設(shè)計(jì)的輻射溫度計(jì)樣機(jī)可以正常工作。通過實(shí)時(shí)單點(diǎn)修正的方法,測得示值誤差為0.68℃,對紅外輻射溫度計(jì)中的示值漂移消除,實(shí)現(xiàn)自行校驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Temperature plays an important role in scientific experiments, industrial and agricultural production and life learning. In some places with special conditions, the related problems of temperature measurement have become the key problems. As far as the correlation between the thermometer or temperature sensor and the measured temperature field is concerned, the temperature measurement method can be divided into two kinds of temperature measurement methods: contact method and non-contact method. Non-contact temperature measurement is superior to contact temperature measurement in many aspects. The non-contact temperature measurement method has the advantages of non-contact, fast response, wide measurement interval and no influence on the temperature field of the measured object. The radiation thermometer is one of the most important methods in the non-contact temperature measurement, and the most commonly used instrument is the radiation thermometer. This temperature measurement method can not interfere with the measured temperature field and do not affect the distribution of the temperature field. However, the traditional non-contact temperature measurement has some disadvantages, such as inconvenient operation, long response time and so on. Therefore, a simple and convenient non-contact temperature measuring device is designed in this paper. Firstly, based on the principle of radiation temperature measurement, the corresponding design of radiation thermometer is carried out. Secondly, by using TracePro software to simulate the device and verify the reliability of the optical system design, the reliability of the designed temperature measurement device is greatly improved. Finally, self-calibration is carried out to improve the portability of the temperature measurement device and ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. In view of the above explanation, the main research contents of this thesis are as follows: the experimental optical system of infrared radiation thermometers operating at 8 to 14 渭 m is designed, and on the premise of exploring and analyzing the structure of the existing radiation thermometers, the optical system of infrared radiation thermometers is designed. The optical system of radiation temperature measurement used in this paper is designed to simplify the structural elements of the optical system, to assemble the experimental equipment conveniently, to control the objective variables in the experiment and to control the optical path of the experiment, and to construct the experimental platform. The results show that after the initial performance test, the structure of the system meets the design requirements. When using Freon heat pipe blackbody radiation source, the temperature stability and uniformity of the blackbody radiation source obtained from the measurement are better than 0.2 鈩，

本文編號：2461534