【摘要】：隨著信息科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,對(duì)大容量數(shù)據(jù)、高速率信息的傳輸及處理要求越來越高,微型化、集成化、高性能、低功耗的新型光纖光子器件研究成為光電子領(lǐng)域中的重要研究課題。微納光纖由于其特殊的幾何結(jié)構(gòu),具有大的體表比,更大的波導(dǎo)色散特性、更高的非線性效應(yīng)、更低的光學(xué)損耗特性、更強(qiáng)的光場(chǎng)約束能力,強(qiáng)的倏逝場(chǎng)效應(yīng)的特性,在很多領(lǐng)域中被大家廣泛研究。目前可以通過多種技術(shù)獲得微納光纖結(jié)構(gòu),使其擁有獨(dú)特的傳輸性能和多樣的波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)。微納光纖易于與功能納米材料集成,為設(shè)計(jì)可調(diào)諧光電子器件提供了必要條件。磁場(chǎng)探測(cè)在軍事、航空航天、生物醫(yī)學(xué)和機(jī)械檢測(cè)等領(lǐng)域變得越來越重要�；诖帕黧w和微納光纖結(jié)構(gòu)的光纖磁場(chǎng)可調(diào)諧器件在傳感和通信領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用表現(xiàn)出巨大的潛力。本文通過兩種方法及相關(guān)不同傳導(dǎo)特性的光纖設(shè)計(jì)了微光纖,分析了其中的光傳播特點(diǎn),并進(jìn)行了基于微納光纖和磁流體結(jié)合的光纖磁場(chǎng)可調(diào)諧器件的理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)方面的研究。包括介紹了微納光纖的制造工藝,數(shù)值模擬和相應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了利用不同結(jié)構(gòu)的微納光纖和磁流體的光纖磁場(chǎng)調(diào)諧器件。本文的研究工作主要包括:1.介紹了一種基于包層直徑減少的細(xì)芯微光纖磁場(chǎng)調(diào)諧器件。通過氫氟酸對(duì)細(xì)芯光纖進(jìn)行腐蝕,改變其中傳輸?shù)哪?chǎng)分布,獲得了靈敏度高的強(qiáng)度解調(diào)的光纖探測(cè)器件,理論分析了其中透射變化的原因。2.提出了一種利用磁流體和拉錐方形微光纖的磁場(chǎng)調(diào)諧器件。采用拉錐的方式能夠有效增加其倏逝場(chǎng)效應(yīng),研究了方形光纖中模式的傳輸特性,并對(duì)方形光纖中傳輸?shù)哪Ｊ竭M(jìn)行了理論模擬,確定出參與干涉的模式階數(shù)。將方形微光纖和磁流體結(jié)合的方法,通過外界磁場(chǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)干涉峰的波長(zhǎng)調(diào)諧。3.提出基于S形狀微光纖和磁流體結(jié)合實(shí)現(xiàn)的磁場(chǎng)傳感器件。利用電弧放電對(duì)單模光纖進(jìn)行了軸向結(jié)構(gòu)的改變,使單模光纖的軸向不對(duì)稱,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)包層模式的激發(fā),并且該傳輸?shù)陌鼘幽Ｊ胶屠w芯模式耦合,形成了模式干涉。具體分析了外界磁場(chǎng)變化下,對(duì)應(yīng)的干涉峰的波長(zhǎng)和振幅的變化。4.通過火焰拉錐單模光纖實(shí)現(xiàn)了模式的激發(fā),并通過熔接機(jī)錯(cuò)位熔接,實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于包層模式干涉的光纖模式干涉儀,分析了在垂直磁場(chǎng)下和平行磁場(chǎng)下的透射譜圖響應(yīng),該器件可以實(shí)現(xiàn)雙方向的磁場(chǎng)測(cè)量。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information science and technology, the transmission and processing of large capacity data and high speed information require more and more high performance, miniaturization, integration, and high performance. The research of low-power optical fiber photonic devices has become an important research topic in the field of optoelectronics. Because of its special geometric structure, micro-nano fiber has the characteristics of large surface ratio, larger waveguide dispersion, higher nonlinear effect, lower optical loss, stronger light field confinement and stronger evanescent field effect. It has been widely studied in many fields. At present, micro and nano fiber structures can be obtained by a variety of techniques, which make them have unique transmission performance and various waveguide structures. Micro-nano fiber is easy to integrate with functional nanomaterials, which provides the necessary conditions for the design of tunable optoelectronic devices. Magnetic field detection is becoming more and more important in military, aerospace, biomedical and mechanical fields. The applications of fiber magnetic tunable devices based on magnetohydrodynamic and micro-nano fiber structures in sensing and communication fields have shown great potential. In this paper, the optical fiber is designed by two methods and the optical fiber with different conduction characteristics. The characteristics of optical propagation are analyzed, and the theoretical and experimental study of the tunable optical fiber magnetic field device based on the combination of micro-nano fiber and magnetic fluid is carried out. The fabrication process, numerical simulation and magnetic field experiment of micro-nano fiber are introduced, and the optical fiber magnetic tuner with different structure and magnetic fluid is realized. The research work of this paper mainly includes: 1. A thin core microfiber magnetic tuner based on the reduction of cladding diameter is introduced. The fine core fiber was corroded by hydrofluoric acid, and the mode field distribution was changed, and the high sensitivity demodulated optical fiber detector was obtained. The reason of the transmission change was analyzed theoretically. 2. A magnetic field tuner using magnetic fluid and tapered square microfiber is proposed. The evanescent field effect can be effectively increased by tapering. The transmission characteristics of the mode in square fiber are studied. The theoretical simulation of the transmission mode in square fiber is carried out, and the number of modes participating in the interference is determined. By combining square microfiber with magnetic fluid, the wavelength tuning of interference peak is realized by external magnetic field. 3. 3. A magnetic field sensor based on S shape microfiber and magnetic fluid is proposed. The axial structure of single-mode fiber is changed by arc discharge, which makes the axial asymmetry of single-mode fiber and excites the cladding mode, and the cladding mode and core mode of the transmission are coupled to form the mode interference. The variation of the wavelength and amplitude of the corresponding interference peak under the change of external magnetic field is analyzed in detail. 4. The mode excitation is realized by flame tapered single-mode fiber, and the optical fiber mode interferometer based on cladding mode interference is realized by welding machine dislocation. The response of transmission spectrum in vertical magnetic field and parallel magnetic field is analyzed. The device can measure the magnetic field in both directions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN253

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本文編號(hào)：2302397